List of mammals of Japan

This is a list of mammal species recorded in Japan (excluding domesticated and captive populations). Of the 172 species of mammal found—112 native terrestrial mammals (those that are endemic are identified below; this number includes 37 species of bat), 19 introduced species, 40 species of Cetacea, and the dugong—161 are listed for the Japan region on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: of these, three taxa are critically endangered (Muennink's spiny rat, Yanbaru whiskered bat, and Gloomy tube-nosed bat), twenty-two are endangered, eight are vulnerable, and eleven are near threatened; the Japanese sea lion and Bonin or Sturdee's pipistrelle are evaluated as extinct. Although on a global level the grey wolf is assessed as least concern, the two Japanese subspecies, Hokkaido wolf and Japanese wolf, are further recent extinctions; the 2020 Japanese Ministry of the Environment Red List also lists as extinct the Okinawa flying fox and Japanese river otter, as well as the subspecies Miyako little horseshoe bat.

As of January 2023, for their protection, fifteen species and subspecies have been designated National Endangered Species by Cabinet Order in accordance with the 1992 Act on Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
''Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.''


 * Family: Dugongidae
 * Genus: Dugong
 * Dugong, Dugong dugon (MOE: CR)(northern Okinawa Island; the northernmost population globally; designated a Natural Monument under the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties )

Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.


 * Suborder: Haplorhini
 * Infraorder: Simiiformes
 * Parvorder: Catarrhini
 * Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
 * Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
 * Genus: Macaca
 * Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata (Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, and adjacent smaller islands; the Aomori population are the northernmost non-human primates; several populations and/or related habitats have been designated Natural Monuments, including those on the Shimokita Peninsula )
 * M. f. fuscata
 * Yakushima macaque, M. f. yakui
 * Formosan rock macaque, Macaca cyclopis (introduced species; those on the Shimokita Peninsula were removed in 2004 )
 * Rhesus macaque, Macaca mulatta (feral individuals observed on the Bōsō Peninsula in Chiba

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
''Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.''


 * Suborder: Hystricomorpha
 * Family: Echimyidae (spiny rats)
 * Subfamily: Echimyinae
 * Genus: Myocastor
 * Coypu, Myocastor coypus (introduced from South America)
 * Suborder: Myomorpha
 * Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, lemmings, and New World rats and mice)
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Alexandromys
 * Japanese grass vole, Alexandromys montebelli (endemic; Honshū, Kyūshū, Sado Island, Notojima)
 * Genus: Craseomys
 * Grey red-backed vole, Craseomys rufocanus (Hokkaidō and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Bedford's red-backed vole, C. r. bedfordiae


 * Hokkaido red-backed vole, Craseomys rex (Hokkaidō and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Mountain red-backed vole, C. r. montanus (MOE: NT)(Hokkaidō and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Rishiri red-backed vole, C. r. rex (MOE: NT)(Rishiri Island)
 * Japanese red-backed vole, Craseomys andersoni (endemic; central and northern Honshū)
 * Smith's red-backed vole, Craseomys smithii (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * Genus: Clethrionomys
 * Northern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rutilus (Hokkaidō)
 * C. r. mikado
 * Genus: Ondatra
 * Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus (introduced from North America)
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, gerbils, etc.)
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Apodemus
 * Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius (MOE: CR)(Uotsuri Island)
 * Korean field mouse, Apodemus peninsulae (Hokkaidō)
 * A. p. giliacus
 * Large Japanese field mouse, Apodemus speciosus (widely distributed; not found in Okinawa)
 * A. s. ainu
 * A. s. speciosus
 * Small Japanese field mouse, Apodemus argenteus (widely distributed; not found in Okinawa)
 * A. a. argenteus
 * A. a. hokkaidi
 * A. a. yakui
 * Genus: Tokudaia
 * Muennink's spiny rat, Tokudaia muenninki (MOE: CR)(endemic to Okinawa Island; Natural Monument )
 * Ryukyu spiny rat, Tokudaia osimensis (MOE: EN)(endemic to Amami Ōshima; Natural Monument )
 * Tokunoshima spiny rat, Tokudaia tokunoshimensis (MOE: EN)(endemic to Tokunoshima; Natural Monument )
 * Genus: Diplothrix
 * Ryukyu long-tailed giant rat, Diplothrix legata (MOE: EN)(endemic to Amami Ōshima, Tokunoshima, and Okinawa Island; Natural Monument )
 * Genus: Rattus
 * Brown rat, Rattus norvegicus (concentrated in urban areas)


 * Polynesian rat, Rattus exulans (introduced onto Miyako Island)
 * Tanezumi rat, Rattus tanezumi (concentrated in urban areas)
 * Genus: Micromys
 * Harvest mouse, Micromys minutus (not found in Hokkaidō, Tōhoku, Okinawa)
 * Genus: Mus
 * Ryukyu mouse, Mus caroli (Okinawa Island)
 * House mouse, Mus musculus (widely distributed; commensal with humans)
 * Suborder: Sciuromorpha
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Sciurini
 * Genus: Sciurus
 * Eurasian red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris
 * Ezo red squirrel, S. v. orientis(Hokkaidō)
 * Japanese squirrel, Sciurus lis (endemic; Honshū and Shikoku; no recent records from Kyūshū or Awaji Island)
 * Tribe: Pteromyini
 * Genus: Petaurista
 * Japanese giant flying squirrel, Petaurista leucogenys (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū)
 * Genus: Pteromys
 * Japanese dwarf flying squirrel, Pteromys momonga (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * Siberian flying squirrel, Pteromys volans (found on Hokkaidō, as P. v. orii)
 * Ezo flying squirrel, P. v. orii(Hokkaidō)
 * Subfamily: Callosciurinae
 * Tribe: Callosciurini
 * Genus: Callosciurus
 * Pallas's squirrel, Callosciurus erythraeus (introduced; naturalized populations from Ibaraki to Miyazaki)
 * Subfamily: Xerinae
 * Tribe: Marmotini
 * Genus: Eutamias
 * Siberian chipmunk, Eutamias sibiricus (Hokkaidō and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Ezo chipmunk, E. s. lineatus (MOE: DD, as Tamias sibiricus lineatus)
 * Family: Gliridae (dormice)
 * Subfamily: Glirinae
 * Genus: Glirulus
 * Japanese dormouse, Glirulus japonicus (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, Dōgojima; Natural Monument )

Order: Lagomorpha (hares, rabbits, and pikas)
''The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.''


 * Family: Leporidae (hares and rabbits)
 * Genus: Lepus
 * Japanese hare, Lepus brachyurus (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Kyushu hare, L. b. brachyurus
 * Oki hare, L. b. okiensis
 * Sado hare, L. b. lyoni (MOE: NT)(Sado Island)
 * Tōhoku hare, L. b. angustidens
 * Mountain hare, Lepus timidus (Hokkaidō, Kunashiri, Etorofu)
 * Ezo mountain hare, L. t. ainu(Hokkaidō)
 * Genus: Oryctolagus
 * European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus (introduced; feral on thirteen islands)
 * Genus: Pentalagus
 * Amami rabbit, Pentalagus furnessi (MOE: EN)(endemic to Amami Ōshima and Tokunoshima; Special Natural Monument )
 * Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
 * Genus: Ochotona
 * Northern pika, Ochotona hyperborea
 * Japanese pika, O. h. yesoensis (MOE: NT)(Hokkaidō)

Order: Eulipotyphla (hedgehogs, shrews, and moles)
''Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.''


 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and moonrats)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Erinaceus
 * Amur hedgehog, Erinaceus amurensis (introduced; populations in the Odawara area and on the Izu Peninsula)
 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Asian lesser white-toothed shrew, Crocidura shantungensis (MOE: NT)(Tsushima Island)


 * Watase's shrew, Crocidura watasei (MOE: NT)(endemic to the Ryūkyū Islands)


 * Dsinezumi shrew, Crocidura dsinezumi (from Hokkaidō to Kagoshima; also Jeju Island)
 * C. d. chisai
 * C. d. dsinezumi
 * C. d. intermedia
 * C. d. okinoshimae
 * C. d. umbrina
 * Orii's shrew, Crocidura orii (MOE: EN)(endemic to the Amami Islands)
 * Genus: Suncus
 * House shrew, Suncus murinus (Ryūkyū Islands, Fukue Island, Kyūshū (Nagasaki, Kagoshima))
 * S. m. temmincki
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Nectogalini
 * Genus: Chimarrogale


 * Japanese water shrew, Chimarrogale platycephalus (endemic; Honshū and Kyūshū)
 * Tribe: Soricini
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Slender shrew, Sorex gracillimus (Hokkaidō and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Azumi shrew, Sorex hosonoi (MOE: NT)(endemic; central Honshū)
 * Eurasian least shrew, Sorex minutissimus
 * Ezo least shrew, S. m. hawkeri (MOE: VU)(Hokkaidō, Kenbokki Island, Kunashiri)


 * Shinto shrew, Sorex shinto (endemic; subspecies on Honshū, Sado Island, and Shikoku)
 * Sado shrew, S. s. sadonis
 * Shikoku shrew, S. s. shikokensis (MOE: NT)(Shikoku)
 * S. s. shinto
 * Laxmann's shrew, Sorex caecutiens (Hokkaidō, Kunashiri)
 * S. c. saevus
 * Long-clawed shrew, Sorex unguiculatus (Hokkaidō and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Family: Talpidae (moles)
 * Subfamily: Talpinae
 * Tribe: Talpini
 * Genus: Euroscaptor
 * Japanese mountain mole, Euroscaptor mizura (MOE: NT)(endemic; Honshū)
 * Genus: Mogera
 * Small Japanese mole, Mogera imaizumii (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, and adjacent smaller islands)
 * Japanese mole, Mogera wogura (endemic; southern Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, and adjacent smaller islands)


 * Echigo mole, Mogera etigo (MOE: EN)(endemic; Niigata)
 * Sado mole, Mogera tokudae (MOE: NT)(endemic to Sado Island)
 * Senkaku mole, Mogera uchidai (MOE: CR)(endemic to Uotsuri Island)
 * Tribe: Urotrichini
 * Genus: Urotrichus
 * True's shrew mole, Dymecodon pilirostris (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * Japanese shrew mole, Urotrichus talpoides (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, and adjacent smaller islands)

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
''The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.''


 * Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
 * Subfamily: Pteropodinae
 * Genus: Pteropus
 * Ryukyu flying fox, Pteropus dasymallus (Ryūkyū Islands)
 * Daito flying fox, P. d. daitoensis (MOE: CR)(Daitō Islands; Natural Monument )
 * Erabu flying fox, P. d. dasymallus (MOE: CR)(Ōsumi Islands and Tokara Islands)
 * Orii's flying fox, P. d. inopinatus
 * Yaeyama flying fox, P. d. yayeyamae
 * Okinawa flying fox, Pteropus loochoensis (MOE: EX)(not found since a C19 record)
 * Bonin flying fox, Pteropus pselaphon (MOE: EN)(endemic to Bonin Islands and Volcano Islands)
 * Family: Hipposideridae
 * Genus: Hipposideros
 * Lesser great leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros turpis (endemic to Yaeyama Islands)
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (widely distributed)
 * Imaizumi's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus imaizumii(endemic)
 * Little Japanese horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus cornutus (endemic; widely distributed)
 * R. c. cornutus
 * Orii's least horseshoe bat, R. c. orii (MOE: EN)(Amami Islands)
 * Okinawa little horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus pumilus (endemic to Okinawa)
 * Okinawa little horseshoe bat, R. p. pumilus (MOE: EN)(Okinawa)
 * Miyako little horseshoe bat, R. p. miyakonis (MOE: EX)(Miyako Island)
 * Yaeyama little horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus perditus (MOE: VU)(endemic to the Yaeyama Islands)
 * Family: Molossidae
 * Genus: Tadarida
 * East Asian free-tailed bat, Tadarida insignis (MOE: VU)(not found in Okinawa)


 * La Touche's free-tailed bat, Tadarida latouchei (MOE: DD)(Amami Islands, Kuchinoerabu-jima)
 * Family: Miniopteridae
 * Genus: Miniopterus
 * Eastern bent-wing bat, Miniopterus fuliginosus (Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, and adjacent smaller islands)


 * Southeast Asian long-fingered bat, Miniopterus fuscus (MOE: EN)(endemic to Ryūkyū Islands)
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Japanese short-tailed bat, Eptesicus japonensis (MOE: VU)(endemic; central Honshū)
 * Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni (Hokkaidō, Kunashiri, Etorofu)
 * Genus: Nyctalus
 * Birdlike noctule, Nyctalus aviator (MOE: VU)(widely distributed)
 * Japanese noctule, Nyctalus furvus (MOE: EN)(endemic; central and northern Honshū)


 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Japanese pipistrelle, Pipistrellus abramus (widely distributed)
 * Endo's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus endoi (MOE: VU)(endemic; Honshū and Shikoku)
 * Sturdee's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus sturdeei (MOE: EX)(endemic; not found since the type specimen was collected on Hahajima in 1915)
 * Genus: Barbastella
 * Asian barbastelle, Barbastella leucomelas
 * Eastern barbastelle, B. l. darielingensis(Hokkaidō, Kunashiri, Honshū and Shikoku)
 * Genus: Plecotus
 * Japanese long-eared bat, Plecotus sacrimontis (endemic; not found in Okinawa)
 * Genus: Hypsugo
 * Alashanian pipistrelle, Hypsugo alaschanicus (MOE: DD)(found in Hokkaidō and Aomori, and on Tsushima Island)
 * Savi's pipistrelle, Hypsugo savii
 * Genus: Vespertilio
 * Particoloured bat, Vespertilio murinus (MOE: DD)(found in Hokkaidō, Aomori, and Ishikawa)
 * Asian particoloured bat, Vespertilio sinensis (widely distributed; not found in Okinawa)
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis


 * Red and black Myotis, Myotis rufoniger (MOE: CR) (as Hodgson's bat, Myotis formosus)(found on Tsushima)
 * Fraternal myotis, Myotis frater (north from Gifu)


 * Ussuri whiskered bat, Myotis gracilis (as Siberian bat Myotis sibiricus) (MOE: VU)(Hokkaidō, Kunashiri, Etorofu)
 * Ikonnikov's bat, Myotis ikonnikovi (Hokkaidō, Kunashiri, Honshū)
 * M. i. hosonoi
 * M. i. ikonnikovi


 * Big-footed myotis, Myotis macrodactylus (widely distributed)
 * Far Eastern myotis, Myotis bombinus (MOE: VU) (as Myotis nattereri bombinus)(widely distributed; not found in Okinawa)
 * Eastern water bat, Myotis petax (Hokkaidō, Kunashiri, Etorofu)
 * Frosted myotis, Myotis pruinosus (MOE: VU)(endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * Yanbaru whiskered bat, Myotis yanbarensis (MOE: CR)(endemic to Ryūkyū Islands)


 * Subfamily: Murininae
 * Genus: Murina
 * Hilgendorf's tube-nosed bat, Murina hilgendorfi (widely distributed; not found in Okinawa)
 * Ryukyu tube-nosed bat, Murina ryukyuana (MOE: EN)(endemic to Ryūkyū Islands)
 * Gloomy tube-nosed bat, Murina tenebrosa (MOE: DD)(endemic; not found since the type specimen was collected on Tsushima Island in 1962)
 * Ussuri tube-nosed bat, Murina ussuriensis (widely distributed; not found in Okinawa)

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
''There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Wolves and otters are now believed to be extinct in Japan.''


 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Prionailurus
 * Leopard cat, Prionailurus bengalensis
 *  P. b. euptilurus, two populations:
 * Tsushima leopard cat [ja] (MOE: CR)(Tsushima Island; Natural Monument )
 * Iriomote cat (MOE: CR)(Iriomote; Special Natural Monument )
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx extirpated in prehistory
 * Subfamily: Pantherinae
 * Genus: Panthera
 * Leopard, Panthera pardus extirpated in prehistory
 * Tiger, Panthera tigris extirpated in prehistory
 * Family: Viverridae (civets)
 * Genus: Paguma
 * Masked palm civet, Paguma larvata (introduced; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, Ryukyu)
 * Family: Herpestidae
 * Genus: Urva
 * Small Indian mongoose, Urva auropunctata (introduced on Okinawa Island and Amami Ōshima and in areas of the cities of Satsumasendai and Kagoshima)
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Red fox, Vulpes vulpes
 * Japanese red fox, V. v. japonica(Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * Ezo red fox, V. v. schrencki(Hokkaidō)
 * Genus: Nyctereutes
 * Japanese raccoon dog, Nyctereutes viverrinus (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, and adjacent smaller islands; tanuki habitat in Yamaguchi is a Natural Monument )
 * Ezo raccoon dog, N. v. albus(Hokkaidō, Okushiri Island)
 * N. v. viverrinus
 * Genus: Canis
 * Grey wolf, Canis lupus extirpated
 * Hokkaido wolf, C. l. hattai (Hokkaidō)
 * Japanese wolf, C. l. hodophilax (Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * Family: Ursidae (bears)
 * Genus: Ursus
 * Brown bear, Ursus arctos
 * Ussuri brown bear, U. a. lasiotus(Hokkaidō, Kunashiri, Etorofu)
 * Asiatic black bear, Ursus thibetanus
 * Japanese black bear, U. t. japonicus(Honshū and Shikoku, formerly also Kyūshū)
 * Family: Procyonidae (raccoons)
 * Genus: Procyon
 * Raccoon, Procyon lotor (introduced from the Americas)
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Meles
 * Japanese badger, Meles anakuma (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * Genus: Enhydra
 * Sea otter, Enhydra lutris (MOE: CR)(eastern Hokkaidō)
 * Genus: Lutra
 * Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (Tsushima Island)
 * Japanese river otter, L. l. nippon(MOE: EX)(last recorded on Honshū in 1954 and in Kōchi in 1979 )
 * Hokkaido river otter, L. l. whiteleyi(MOE: EX)
 * Genus: Martes
 * Japanese marten, Martes melampus (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū)
 * M. m. melampus
 * Tsushima marten, M. m. tsuensis (MOE: NT)(endemic; Tsushima Island; Natural Monument )
 * Sable, Martes zibellina
 * Japanese sable, M. z. brachyura (MOE: EN)(Hokkaidō)
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Stoat, Mustela erminea
 * Japanese stoat, M. e. nippon (MOE: NT)(central and northern Honshū)
 * Ezo stoat, M. e. orientalis (MOE: NT)(Hokkaidō)
 * Japanese weasel, Mustela itatsi (endemic to Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū, and adjacent smaller islands; introduced to Hokkaidō, Rishiri Island, Rebun Island, Ryūkyū Islands, etc., for rat control)
 * M. i. itatsi
 * Yakushima weasel, M. i. sho
 * Siberian weasel, Mustela sibirica (MOE: EN)(native on Tsushima Island, introduced to western Japan)
 * M. s. coreana(Tsushima Island)
 * Least weasel, Mustela nivalis
 * Japanese least weasel, M. n. namiyei (MOE: NT)(Tōhoku)
 * North weasel, M. n. nivalis(Hokkaidō)
 * Genus: Neogale
 * American mink, Neogale vison (introduced; Hokkaidō, Nagano, Fukushima; records from elsewhere in Honshū and Kyūshū)
 * Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sealions)
 * Genus: Callorhinus
 * Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus (northern Japan)
 * Genus: Eumetopias
 * Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus (MOE: NT)
 * Western Steller sea lion, E. j. jubatus (Hokkaidō and Shimokita Peninsula)
 * Genus: Zalophus
 * Japanese sea lion, Zalophus japonicus (MOE: CR)(last recorded on Takeshima in 1975)
 * Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
 * Genus: Erignathus
 * Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus (Hokkaidō and vagrant)
 * Pacific bearded seal, E. b. nauticus (vagrant)
 * Genus: Histriophoca
 * Ribbon seal, Histriophoca fasciata (northeast Hokkaidō)
 * Genus: Mirounga
 * Northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris (vagrant)
 * Genus: Phoca
 * Spotted seal, Phoca largha (Hokkaidō)
 * Harbour seal, Phoca vitulina (MOE: NT)(Hokkaidō)
 * Kuril seal, P. v. stejnegeri (eastern Hokkaidō)
 * Genus: Pusa
 * Ringed seal, Pusa hispida (especially northern Hokkaidō)

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
''The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 terrestrial artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Artiodactyla also includes the infraorder Cetacea, which includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. Cetaceans are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.''


 * Family: Suidae (pigs)
 * Subfamily: Suinae
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, Sus scrofa
 * Japanese boar, S. s. leucomystax(Honshū south from Fukushima, Shikoku, Kyūshū, Awaji Island)
 * Ryūkyū boar S. s. riukiuanus(Ryūkyū Islands; half as massive as Sus scrofa leucomystax)
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Muntiacus
 * Reeves's muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi (introduced; southern Chiba and Izu Ōshima)
 * Genus: Rusa
 * Sambar deer, Rusa unicolor
 * Bonin sambar, R. u. boninensis(EX)
 * Genus: Cervus
 * Sika deer, Cervus nippon (widely distributed; Kerama deer and their habitat, and the deer of Nara, are Natural Monuments )
 * Northern Honshu sika deer, C. n. aplodontus
 * Honshu sika deer, C. n. centralis
 * Kerama deer, C. n. keramae
 * Mageshima deer, C. n. mageshimae
 * C. n. nippon
 * Tsushima deer, C. n. pulchellus
 * Yakushima deer, C. n. yakushimae
 * Yezo sika deer, C. n. yesoensis
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Capricornus
 * Japanese serow, Capricornis crispus (endemic; Honshū, Shikoku, Kyūshū; Special Natural Monument )
 * Infraorder: Cetacea
 * Parvorder: Mysticeti
 * Family: Balaenidae


 * Genus: Eubalaena
 * North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica
 * Family: Balaenopteridae
 * Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
 * Genus: Balaenoptera
 * Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata
 * Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis
 * Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni
 * Omura's whale, Balaenoptera omurai
 * Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus (no recent records in neighbouring waters)
 * Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus
 * Subfamily: Megapterinae
 * Genus: Megaptera
 * Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (regular sightings in the Ogasawara Islands and Okinawa)
 * Family: Eschrichtiidae
 * Genus: Eschrichtius
 * Grey whale, Eschrichtius robustus (occasional sightings of western subpopulation )
 * Parvorder: Odontoceti
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Monodontidae
 * Genus: Delphinapterus
 * Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas vagrant
 * Family: Phocoenidae
 * Genus: Neophocaena
 * Narrow-ridged finless porpoise, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis


 * Genus: Phocoena
 * Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena
 * Genus: Phocoenoides
 * Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli
 * Family: Physeteridae
 * Genus: Physeter
 * Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus
 * Family: Kogiidae
 * Genus: Kogia
 * Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps
 * Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima
 * Family: Ziphidae
 * Genus: Ziphius
 * Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris
 * Genus: Berardius
 * Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii
 * Sato's beaked whale, Berardius minimus
 * Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
 * Genus: Indopacetus
 * Indo-Pacific beaked whale, Indopacetus pacificus
 * Genus: Mesoplodon
 * Hubbs' beaked whale, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi
 * Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris *
 * Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens
 * Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri
 * Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
 * Genus: Steno
 * Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis
 * Genus: Tursiops
 * Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus
 * Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus
 * Genus: Stenella
 * Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata
 * Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba
 * Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris (common around the Ogasawara Islands)
 * Genus: Delphinus
 * Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis
 * Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis
 * Genus: Lagenodelphis
 * Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei
 * Genus: Sagmatias
 * Pacific white-sided dolphin, Sagmatias obliquidens
 * Genus: Lissodelphis
 * Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis
 * Genus: Grampus
 * Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus
 * Genus: Peponocephala
 * Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra
 * Genus: Feresa
 * Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata
 * Genus: Pseudorca
 * False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens
 * Genus: Orcinus
 * Orca, Orcinus orca
 * Genus: Globicephala
 * Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus