List of mammals of Oman

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Oman. There are at least 62 mammal species in Oman that have been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), of these, one is critically endangered, four are endangered, eight are vulnerable, and two are near threatened.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)
The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.


 * Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes)
 * Genus: Procavia
 * Cape hyrax, P. capensis

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.


 * Family: Dugongidae
 * Genus: Dugong
 * Dugong, D. dugon

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.


 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
 * Subfamily: Dipodinae
 * Genus: Jaculus
 * Lesser Egyptian jerboa, J. jaculus
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
 * Subfamily: Deomyinae
 * Genus: Acomys
 * Cairo spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus LC
 * Golden spiny mouse, Acomys russatus LC
 * Subfamily: Gerbillinae
 * Genus: Gerbillus
 * Cheesman's gerbil, Gerbillus cheesmani LC
 * Wagner's gerbil, Gerbillus dasyurus LC
 * Pygmy gerbil, Gerbillus henleyi LC
 * Balochistan gerbil, Gerbillus nanus LC
 * Genus: Meriones
 * Arabian jird, Meriones arimalius EN
 * Genus: Hystrix
 * Indian crested porcupine, Hystrix indica LC

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.


 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Paraechinus
 * Desert hedgehog, P. aethiopicus

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.


 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Arabian shrew, C. arabica LC
 * Dhofar shrew, C. dhofarensis DD

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
 * Subfamily: Pteropodinae
 * Genus: Rousettus
 * Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus LC
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatus VU
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC
 * Genus: Hypsugo
 * Arabian pipistrelle, Hypsugo arabicus VU
 * Bodenheimer's pipistrelle, Hypsugo bodenheimeri LC
 * Genus: Nyctalus
 * Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula LC
 * Genus: Otonycteris
 * Desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii LC
 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
 * Genus: Rhyneptesicus
 * Sind bat, R. nasutus
 * Family: Rhinopomatidae
 * Genus: Rhinopoma
 * Egyptian mouse-tailed bat, R. cystops
 * Lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickii LC
 * Greater mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma microphyllum LC
 * Small mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma muscatellum LC
 * Family: Molossidae
 * Genus: Tadarida
 * Egyptian free-tailed bat, Tadarida aegyptiaca LC
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii
 * Geoffroy's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus clivosus LC
 * Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
 * Genus: Asellia
 * Trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia tridens LC
 * Genus: Triaenops
 * Persian trident bat, Triaenops persicus LC

Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.


 * Suborder: Mysticeti
 * Family: Balaenidae
 * Family: Balaenopteridae
 * Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
 * Genus: Balaenoptera
 * Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN
 * Subfamily: Megapterinae
 * Genus: Megaptera
 * Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae
 * Suborder: Odontoceti
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Phocoenidae
 * Genus: Neophocaena
 * Indo-Pacific finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides DD
 * Family:Physeteridae
 * Genus: Physeter
 * Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
 * Family: Kogiidae
 * Genus: Kogia
 * Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps DD
 * Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima LC
 * Family: Ziphidae
 * Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
 * Genus: Mesoplodon
 * Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
 * Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
 * Genus: Steno
 * Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD
 * Genus: Sousa
 * Indian Ocean humpback dolphin, Sousa plumbea DD
 * Genus: Tursiops
 * Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD
 * Genus: Stenella
 * Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC
 * Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC
 * Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris LC
 * Genus: Delphinus
 * Common dolphin, Delphinus capensis LC
 * Genus: Lagenodelphis
 * Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD
 * Genus: Grampus
 * Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD
 * Genus: Feresa
 * Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
 * Genus: Pseudorca
 * False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens LC
 * Genus: Orcinus
 * Orca, O. orca DD

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Caracal
 * Caracal, C. caracal
 * Genus: Felis
 * African wildcat, F. lybica
 * Sand cat, F. margarita
 * Subfamily: Pantherinae
 * Genus: Panthera
 * Leopard, Panthera pardus
 * Arabian leopard, Panthera pardus nimr
 * Family: Viverridae
 * Subfamily: Viverrinae
 * Genus: Genetta
 * Common genet, G. genetta
 * Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
 * Genus: Ichneumia
 * White-tailed mongoose, I. albacauda
 * Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
 * Genus: Hyaena
 * Striped hyena, H. hyaena
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Blanford's fox, V. cana
 * Rüppell's fox, V. rueppellii
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Genus: Canis
 * Golden jackal, C. aureus
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Arabian wolf, Canis lupus arabs
 * Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
 * Genus: Mirounga
 * Southern elephant seal, M. leonina vagrant
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Mellivora
 * Honey badger, M. capensis

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Antilopinae
 * Genus: Gazella
 * Arabian gazelle, G. arabica
 * Arabian sand gazelle, G. marica
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Arabitragus
 * Arabian tahr, A. jayakari
 * Genus: Capra
 * Nubian ibex, C. nubiana
 * Genus: Ovis
 * Urial, O. vignei presence uncertain, possibly introduced
 * Oman urial, O. v. arabica
 * Subfamily: Hippotraginae
 * Genus: Oryx
 * Arabian oryx, O. leucoryx reintroduced