List of mammals of Romania

There are ninety mammal species in Romania, of which one is critically endangered, one is endangered, fourteen are vulnerable, and four are near threatened.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Order: Rodentia (rodents)


Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.


 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Sciurini
 * Genus: Sciurus
 * Red squirrel, S. vulgaris
 * Subfamily: Xerinae
 * Tribe: Marmotini
 * Genus: Marmota
 * Alpine marmot, M. marmota reintroduced
 * Genus: Spermophilus
 * European ground squirrel, Spermophilus citellus VU
 * Speckled ground squirrel, Spermophilus suslicus VU
 * Family: Gliridae (dormice)
 * Subfamily: Leithiinae
 * Genus: Dryomys
 * Forest dormouse, D. nitedula
 * Genus: Eliomys
 * Garden dormouse, E. quercinus
 * Genus: Muscardinus
 * Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius NT
 * Subfamily: Glirinae
 * Genus: Glis
 * European edible dormouse, Glis glis NT
 * Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
 * Subfamily: Sicistinae
 * Genus: Sicista
 * Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina NT
 * Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis NT
 * Family: Spalacidae
 * Subfamily: Spalacinae
 * Genus: Spalax
 * Bukovin mole rat, Spalax graecus VU
 * Genus: Nannospalax
 * Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon VU
 * Family: Cricetidae
 * Subfamily: Cricetinae
 * Genus: Cricetulus
 * Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius NT
 * Genus: Cricetus
 * European hamster, Cricetus cricetus LC
 * Genus: Mesocricetus
 * Romanian hamster, Mesocricetus newtoni VU
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Arvicola
 * European water vole, A. amphibius
 * Genus: Chionomys
 * Snow vole, Chionomys nivalis
 * Genus: Clethrionomys
 * Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus
 * Genus: Microtus
 * Field vole, Microtus agrestis
 * Common vole, Microtus arvalis
 * Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis
 * European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus
 * Tatra vole, Microtus tatricus
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Apodemus
 * Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius
 * Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis
 * Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus LC
 * Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis
 * Genus: Micromys
 * Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus NT
 * Genus: Mus
 * Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus NT

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.


 * Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
 * Genus: Lepus
 * European hare, L. europaeus
 * Genus: Oryctolagus
 * European rabbit, O. cuniculus introduced

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.


 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Erinaceus
 * Northern white-breasted hedgehog, E. roumanicus

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
Shrews are insectivorous mammals. They closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.


 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon
 * Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula
 * Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Nectogalini
 * Genus: Neomys
 * Southern water shrew, N. anomalus LC
 * Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens LC
 * Tribe: Soricini
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Alpine shrew, S. alpinus LC
 * Common shrew, S. araneus LC
 * Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus LC
 * Family: Talpidae (moles)
 * Subfamily: Talpinae
 * Tribe: Talpini
 * Genus: Talpa
 * European mole, T. europaea LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini
 * Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
 * Brandt's bat, M. brandti
 * Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii
 * Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii
 * Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
 * Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis
 * Natterer's bat, M. nattereri
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Barbastella
 * Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni LC
 * Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus LC
 * Genus: Nyctalus
 * Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus
 * Lesser noctule, N. leisleri
 * Common noctule, N. noctula
 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii
 * Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus LC
 * Genus: Plecotus
 * Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus
 * Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus LC
 * Subfamily: Miniopterinae
 * Genus: Miniopterus
 * Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii
 * Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale
 * Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum
 * Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
 * Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi

Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
 * Suborder: Odontoceti
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Phocoenidae
 * Genus: Phocoena
 * Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena VU
 * Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
 * Genus: Tursiops
 * Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus DD
 * Genus: Delphinus
 * Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)


There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Felis
 * European wildcat, F. silvestris
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Canis
 * Golden jackal, C. aureus
 * European jackal, C. a. moreoticus
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
 * Genus: Nyctereutes
 * Raccoon dog, N. procyonoides introduced
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Family: Ursidae (bears)
 * Genus: Ursus
 * Brown bear, U. arctos
 * Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Lutra
 * European otter, L. lutra
 * Genus: Martes
 * Beech marten, M. foina
 * European pine marten, M. martes
 * Genus: Meles
 * European badger, M. meles
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Stoat, M. erminea
 * Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii
 * European mink, M. lutreola
 * Least weasel, M. nivalis
 * European polecat, M. putorius
 * Genus: Neogale
 * American mink, N. vison introduced
 * Genus: Vormela
 * Marbled polecat, V. peregusna

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Bovinae
 * Genus: Bison
 * European bison, B. bonasus reintroduced
 * Carpathian wisent, B. b. hungarorum
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Rupicapra
 * Chamois, R. rupicapra
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Cervus
 * Red deer, C. elaphus
 * Genus: Dama
 * European fallow deer, D. dama introduced
 * Subfamily: Capreolinae
 * Genus: Alces
 * Moose, A. alces
 * Genus: Capreolus
 * Roe deer, C. capreolus
 * Family: Suidae (pigs)
 * Subfamily: Suinae
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, S. scrofa

Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country:
 * Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus