List of mammals of Turkey

This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 150 wild mammal fauna of Turkey. Two are critically endangered, two are endangered, fourteen are vulnerable, and three are near threatened. The following tags are used to highlight each species' global status as published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw, which grow continually and are kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the porcupines can weigh up to 20 kg.
 * Suborder: Hystricognathi
 * Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
 * Genus: Hystrix
 * Indian crested porcupine, H. indica
 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Sciurini
 * Genus: Sciurus
 * Caucasian squirrel, S. anomalus
 * Eurasian red squirrel, S. vulgaris
 * Subfamily: Xerinae
 * Genus: Spermophilus
 * European ground squirrel, S. citellus EN
 * Asia Minor ground squirrel, Spermophilus xanthoprymnus NT
 * Taurus ground squirrel, Spermophilus taurensis
 * Family: Cricetidae
 * Subfamily: Cricetinae
 * Genus: Cricetulus
 * Grey dwarf hamster, C. migratorius
 * Genus: Cricetus
 * European hamster, C. cricetus
 * Genus: Mesocricetus
 * Golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus VU
 * Turkish hamster, Mesocricetus brandti NT
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Arvicola
 * European water vole, A. amphibius
 * Genus: Chionomys
 * Caucasian snow vole, Chionomys gud LC
 * European snow vole, Chionomys nivalis LC
 * Robert's snow vole, Chionomys roberti LC
 * Genus: Clethrionomys
 * Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus LC
 * Genus: Ellobius
 * Transcaucasian mole vole, Ellobius lutescens LC
 * Genus: Microtus
 * Common vole, Microtus arvalis LC
 * Günther's vole, Microtus guentheri LC
 * Persian vole, Microtus irani LC
 * Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis LC
 * Social vole, Microtus socialis LC
 * European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus LC
 * Genus: Prometheomys
 * Long-clawed mole vole, Prometheomys schaposchnikowi LC
 * Family: Gliridae (dormice)
 * Subfamily: Leithiinae
 * Genus: Dryomys
 * Woolly dormouse, Dryomys laniger DD
 * Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula LC
 * Genus: Eliomys
 * Asian garden dormouse, E. melanurus
 * Genus: Muscardinus
 * Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius LC
 * Genus: Myomimus
 * Roach's mouse-tailed dormouse, Myomimus roachi VU
 * Subfamily: Glirinae
 * Genus: Glis
 * European edible dormouse, Glis glis LC
 * Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
 * Subfamily: Allactaginae
 * Genus: Allactaga
 * Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater LC
 * Euphrates jerboa, Allactaga euphratica NT
 * Family: Spalacidae
 * Subfamily: Spalacinae
 * Genus: Nannospalax
 * Palestine mole rat, Nannospalax ehrenbergi LC
 * Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon DD
 * Nehring's blind mole-rat, Nannospalax nehringi LC
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
 * Subfamily: Deomyinae
 * Genus: Acomys
 * Asia Minor spiny mouse, Acomys cilicicus DD
 * Subfamily: Gerbillinae
 * Genus: Meriones
 * Persian jird, Meriones persicus LC
 * Tristram's jird, Meriones tristrami LC
 * Vinogradov's jird, Meriones vinogradovi LC
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Apodemus
 * Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius LC
 * Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis LC
 * Yellow-breasted field mouse, Apodemus fulvipectus LC
 * Black Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticus LC
 * Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus LC
 * Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis LC
 * Genus: Micromys
 * Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus LC
 * Genus: Mus
 * Macedonian mouse, Mus macedonicus LC
 * House mouse, M. musculus

Order: Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares and picas)

 * Family: Leporidae
 * Genus: Lepus
 * European hare, L. europaeus

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.


 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Erinaceus
 * Southern white-breasted hedgehog, E. concolor
 * Genus: Hemiechinus
 * Long-eared hedgehog, H. auritus

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The Soricomorpha are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Gueldenstaedt's shrew, C. gueldenstaedtii
 * Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon
 * Serezkaya shrew, C. serezkyensis
 * Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
 * Genus: Suncus
 * Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Nectogalini
 * Genus: Neomys
 * Southern water shrew, N. anomalus
 * Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens
 * Transcaucasian water shrew, N. schelkovnikovi
 * Tribe: Soricini
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Common shrew, S. araneus
 * Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus
 * Radde's shrew, S. raddei
 * Caucasian shrew, S. satunini
 * Caucasian pygmy shrew, S. volnuchini
 * Family: Talpidae (moles)
 * Subfamily: Talpinae
 * Tribe: Talpini
 * Genus: Talpa
 * European mole, T. europaea
 * Levantine mole, T. levantis

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
 * Subfamily: Pteropodinae
 * Genus: Rousettus
 * Egyptian fruit bat, R. aegyptiacus
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini
 * Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis
 * Brandt's bat, M. brandti
 * Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii
 * Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii
 * Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
 * Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus
 * Natterer's bat, M. nattereri
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Barbastella
 * Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae
 * Northern bat, E. nilssoni
 * Serotine bat, E. serotinus
 * Genus: Hypsugo
 * Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii
 * Genus: Nyctalus
 * Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus
 * Lesser noctule, N. leisleri
 * Common noctule, N. noctula
 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii
 * Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii
 * Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus
 * Genus: Plecotus
 * Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus
 * Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus
 * Genus: Vespertilio
 * Parti-coloured bat, V. murinus
 * Subfamily: Miniopterinae
 * Genus: Miniopterus
 * Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii
 * Family: Molossidae
 * Genus: Tadarida
 * European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis
 * Family: Emballonuridae
 * Genus: Taphozous
 * Naked-rumped tomb bat, T. nudiventris
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii
 * Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale
 * Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum
 * Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
 * Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi

Order: Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Species listed below also includes species being recorded in Levantine Sea.
 * Suborder: Mysticeti
 * Family: Balaenopteridae
 * Genus: Balaenoptera
 * Common minke whale, B. acutorostrata
 * Fin whale, B. physalus
 * Subfamily: Megapterinae
 * Genus: Megaptera
 * Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae
 * Suborder: Odontoceti
 * Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
 * Genus: Physeter
 * Sperm whale, P. macrocephalus
 * Family: Ziphidae
 * Genus: Ziphius
 * Cuvier's beaked whale, Z. cavirostris
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Phocoenidae
 * Genus: Phocoena
 * Harbour porpoise, P. phocoena
 * Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
 * Genus: Tursiops
 * Common bottlenose dolphin, T. truncatus
 * Genus: Delphinus
 * Short-beaked common dolphin, D. delphis
 * Genus: Stenella
 * Striped dolphin, S. coeruleoalba
 * Genus: Grampus
 * Risso's dolphin, G. griseus
 * Genus: Orcinus
 * Orca, O. orca
 * Genus: Pseudorca
 * False killer whale, P. crassidens
 * Genus: Globicephala
 * Long-finned pilot whale, G. melas

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Caracal
 * Caracal, C. caracal
 * Genus: Felis
 * Jungle cat, F. chaus
 * African wildcat, F. lybica
 * Asiatic wildcat, F. l. ornata
 * European wildcat, F. silvestris
 * Caucasian wildcat, F. s. caucasica
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
 * Caucasian lynx, L. l. dinniki
 * Subfamily: Pantherinae
 * Genus: Panthera
 * Leopard, P. pardus
 * P. p. tulliana,
 * Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
 * Genus: Herpestes
 * Egyptian mongoose, H. ichneumon
 * Genus: Urva
 * Indian grey mongoose, U. edwardsii
 * Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
 * Genus: Hyaena
 * Striped hyena, H. hyaena
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Canis
 * Golden jackal, C. aureus
 * European jackal, C. a. moreoticus
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Steppe wolf, C. l. campestris
 * Indian wolf, C. l. pallipes
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Family: Ursidae (bears)
 * Genus: Ursus
 * Brown bear, U. arctos
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Lutra
 * European otter, L. lutra
 * Genus: Martes
 * Beech marten, M. foina
 * European pine marten, M. martes
 * Genus: Meles
 * Caucasian badger, M. canescens
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Stoat, M. erminea
 * Least weasel, M. nivalis
 * European polecat, M. putorius
 * Genus: Vormela
 * Marbled polecat, V. peregusna
 * Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
 * Genus: Monachus
 * Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
Even-toed ungulates' weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Bovidae
 * Subfamily: Antilopinae
 * Genus: Gazella
 * Mountain gazelle, G. gazella
 * Arabian sand gazelle, G. marica reintroduced
 * Goitered gazelle, G. subgutturosa
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Capra
 * Wild goat, C. aegagrus
 * Genus: Ovis
 * Mouflon, O. gmelini
 * Genus: Rupicapra
 * Chamois, R. rupicapra
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Cervus
 * Red deer, C. elaphus
 * Genus: Dama
 * European fallow deer, D. dama
 * Subfamily: Capreolinae
 * Genus: Capreolus
 * Roe deer, C. capreolus
 * Family: Suidae
 * Subfamily: Suinae
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, S. scrofa

Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in Turkey:
 * Eurasian beaver, Castor fiber
 * Persian fallow deer, Dama mesopotamica
 * Onager, Equus hemionus
 * Lion, Panthera leo
 * Tiger, Panthera tigris