List of megafauna discovered in modern times

The following is a list of megafauna discovered by science since the beginning of the 19th century (with their respective date of discovery). Some of these may have been known to native peoples or reported anecdotally but had not been generally acknowledged as confirmed by the scientific world, until conclusive evidence was obtained for formal studies. In other cases, certain animals were initially considered hoaxes – similar to the initial reception of mounted specimens of the duck-billed platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) in late 18th-century Europe.

In zoology, megafauna (from Greek μέγας megas "large" and Neo-Latin fauna "animal life") are large animals. The most common thresholds to be a megafauna are weighing over 46 kg  (i.e., having a mass comparable to or larger than a human) or weighing over a tonne,  1000 kg  (i.e., having a mass comparable to or larger than an ox).

This list includes some of the more notable examples discovered in modern times.

Megafauna believed extinct, but rediscovered



 * Burchell's zebra (Equus quagga burchellii), 2004
 * Burchell's zebra (Equus quagga burchellii), 2004

Megafauna previously unknown from the fossil record

 * Western grey kangaroo Notamacropus fuliginosus (1817)
 * Malayan tapir Tapirus indicus (1819)
 * Red kangaroo Osphranter rufus (1822)
 * Lowland anoa Bubalus depressicornis (1827)
 * Mountain tapir Tapirus pinchaque (1829)
 * Baird's tapir Tapirus bairdii (1865)
 * Bonobo Pan paniscus (1928)
 * Kouprey Bos sauveli (1937)
 * Saola Pseudoryx nghetinhensis (1993)

Megafauna initially believed to have been fictitious or hoaxes

 * Przewalski's horse Equus ferus przewalskii (1881 - current wild population descended from zoo breeding since 1945)
 * Okapi Okapia johnstoni (1901)