List of parishes and parish churches in South Carolina

The parish system in South Carolina was created by an act of the Commons House of Assembly, commonly called the Church Act, on November 30, 1706. Ten parishes were named within three existing counties (Craven, Berkeley, and Colleton). The act established the Church of England as the official, state-supported religion in the colony and designated an Anglican church to serve each parish. The act described how parishes were to be governed, modeled after the parish systems of England and Barbados. The functions of commissioner, rector, churchwarden, vestry, register, receiver, and clerk were delineated. Parishes served both a secular and ecclesiastical function. As the population of the province expanded north, east, and west of Charleston, legislation established additional parishes, often from land within an existing parish. By the American Revolution there were 24 parishes in South Carolina. The largest was St. Mark's, at 6,089 square miles when it was established in 1757, and the smallest, at 2 square miles, St. Michael's on the lower Charleston peninsula. The parish system was abolished in 1865 and replaced by districts.

Of the colonial parish churches of South Carolina, two in Charleston merit special attention. St. Philip's Church, on the peninsula, often known as the "mother church," has the oldest congregation south of Virginia (formed 1680). Old St. Andrew's in West Ashley is the oldest surviving church building south of Virginia still used for regular services (1706). It is also the only remaining colonial cruciform church in South Carolina (expanded 1723-33). Discrepancies in church building dates, whether in books, websites, or historical markers, are not uncommon. Those provided in the table below are the most often cited.

In addition to the parish churches that were built during colonial times, chapels were created to serve parishioners who lived distant from the parish church and wanted a church closer to them. For example, Anglicans on James Island, whose parish church was St. Andrew's, formed a congregation and began worshiping as early as 1721. The Assembly enacted legislation in 1756 designating the James Island chapel a chapel of ease and required that ministers hold services at least monthly.

Denominational definitions
After the American Revolution, churches within the new states organized themselves into an association called a diocese. The Diocese of South Carolina, created in 1785, represented all the churches in the state previously aligned with the Church of England. In 1789 dioceses along the Eastern seaboard organized themselves into the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, later shortened to the Episcopal Church.

In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, churches and dioceses began to disaffiliate from the Episcopal Church over matters of Christian doctrine, morality, and polity. In 2012 the Episcopal Diocese of South Carolina disaffiliated from the Episcopal Church. Five years later it aligned with the Anglican Church in North America.

After the 2012 split, individual churches in the diocese found themselves entangled in legal controversy. Each had to determine which denomination it would affiliate with: the diocese or the national church. Some churches immediately aligned with the Episcopal Church. For the disaffiliated churches, it took about a decade of action in the courts until legal ownership of parish property was determined. In the end, the South Carolina Supreme Court determined that seventeen disaffiliated churches could keep their property and twelve would lose it to the Episcopal Church.

The table below includes references both to Episcopal and Anglican. References to Episcopal indicate those churches (liberal, progressive) that are aligned with the Episcopal Diocese of South Carolina and the Episcopal Church. Anglican indicates those churches (conservative, orthodox) that are affiliated with the Anglican Diocese of South Carolina (or in the case of All Saints Church, Pawleys Island, the Diocese of the Carolinas) and the Anglican Church in North America.

Note that this article is not intended to discuss Catholic parishes, which were established later. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston was founded in 1820.