List of philosophers born in the 1st through 10th centuries

Philosophers born in the 1st to 10th centuries (and others important in the history of philosophy), listed alphabetically:


 * Note: This list has a minimal criterion for inclusion and the relevance to philosophy of some individuals on the list is disputed.

A

 * Abbo of Fleury, (c. 950 – 1004)
 * Abd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad, (c. 935 – 1025)
 * Abd al-Salam al-Jubba'i, (died 933)
 * Abhinavagupta, (fl. c. 975 – 1025)
 * Abū Ḥanīfa, (c. 699 – 767)
 * Abu al-Hudhayl, (c. 750 – 840/850)
 * Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi, (787 – 886)
 * Abu Said Al-Sirafi, (died 979)
 * Abu Tammam, (859 – 937/947)
 * Abu Zayd al-Balkhi, (c. 850 – 934)
 * Adi Shankara, (c. 788 – 820)
 * Aedesius, (died 355)
 * Agrippa the Sceptic, (1st/2nd century)
 * Albinus, (c. 130)
 * Alcinous, (2nd century)
 * Alcuin, (c. 740 – 804)
 * Alexander of Aphrodisias, (2nd century)
 * Alhazen (or Ibn al-Haytham), (965 – c. 1040)
 * Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi, (died c. 982)
 * Abū al-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī (December 973 – May 1057 CE)
 * Ambrose, (c. 340 – 397)
 * Abu'l Hasan Muhammad Ibn Yusuf al-'Amiri, (died 992)
 * Ammonius Hermiae, (5th century)
 * Ammonius Saccas, (3rd century)
 * Anandavardhana, (820 – 890)
 * Apollonius of Tyana, (2 – 98)
 * Apuleius, (c. 123 – c. 180)
 * Aristides, (fl. 2nd century)
 * Arius, (256 – 336)
 * Al-Ash'ari, (874 – 936)
 * Asanga, (c. 4th century)
 * Aspasius, (c. 100 – 150)
 * Athanasius of Alexandria, (298 – 373)
 * Augustine of Hippo, (354 – 430)
 * Marcus Aurelius, (121 – 180)
 * Avicenna (or Ibn Sina), (980 – 1037)

B

 * Al-Baqillani (died 1013)
 * Basilides, (c. 117 – 138)
 * Bede (672/3–735)
 * Bhartrhari, (5th century)
 * Bodhidharma, (c. 440 – 528)
 * Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, (480 – 524 or 525)
 * Buddhaghosa, (5th century)
 * Burchard of Worms (c. 950 – 1025)

C

 * Calcidius, (4th century)
 * Candidus Wizo, (fl. 793 – 803)
 * Candrakirti, (born c. 600)
 * Cebes of Cyzicus, (2nd century)
 * Celsus of Alexandria, (2nd century)
 * Candrakirti, (7th century)
 * Cheng Hsuan (or Zheng Xuan), (127 – 200)
 * Chih Tun (or Zhi Dun), (314 – 366)
 * Chrysanthius, (4th century)
 * Clement of Alexandria, (2nd – 3rd century)
 * Cleomedes, (2nd century)
 * Cyril of Alexandria, (376 – 444)

D

 * Damascius, (c. 462 – 540)
 * David the Invincible, (late 6th century)
 * David ibn Merwan al-Mukkamas, (9th century)
 * Dawud ibn Khalaf, (815/8 – 874)
 * Demetrius the Cynic, (1st century)
 * Dharmakirti, (c. 7th century)
 * Dignaga, (c. 480 – c. 540)
 * Diogenes Laërtius, (3rd century)
 * Diogenes of Oenoanda, (2nd century)
 * Dirar ibn 'Amr, (c. 728 – 815)
 * Dunash ibn Tamim, (10th century)

E

 * Elias, (6th century)
 * Epictetus, (55 – c. 135)*
 * Johannes Scotus Eriugena, (c. 800 – c. 880)
 * Eusebius of Caesarea, (264–339)

F

 * Al-Farabi, (870 – 950)
 * Favorinus, (c. 80 – c. 150)
 * Fazang (or Fa-Tsang), (643 – 712)
 * Fridugisus, (9th century)
 * Fulbert of Chartres, (c. 960 – 1028)

G

 * Gaius Musonius Rufus, (110 – 180)
 * Galen, (131 – 201)
 * Gaudapadacharya, (c. 7th century)
 * Gerbert of Aurillac (or Pope Silvester II), (c. 950 – 1003)
 * Gottschalk of Orbais, (c. 805 – 868)
 * Pope Gregory I, (540 – 604)
 * Gregory of Nyssa, (c. 335 – 398)

H

 * Han Yu, (768 – 824)
 * Heiric of Auxerre, (841 – 876/7)
 * Hierocles the Stoic, (2nd century)
 * Himerius, (315 – 386)
 * Hincmar, (806 – 882)
 * Ho Yen, (190 – 249)
 * Hsi K'ang, (223 – 262)
 * Hunayn ibn Ishaq, (808 – 877)
 * Hypatia of Alexandria, (370 – 415)

I

 * Iamblichus, (c. 245 – c. 325)
 * Yahya ibn Adi, (893 – 974)
 * Ibn ar-Rawandi, (c. 910)
 * Ibn Furak, (c. 941 – 1015)
 * Ahmad ibn Hanbal, (780–855)
 * Ibn Hazm, (994 – 1069)
 * Ibn al-Khammar, (942 – c. 1030)
 * Ibn Masarra, (883 – 931)
 * Ibn Miskawayh, (940 – 1030)
 * Abd-Allāh Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, (c. 720 – c. 756)
 * Ibn al-Rawandi, (died c. 910)
 * Ibn al-Tayyib, (died 1043)
 * Ikhwan al-Safa', (10th century)
 * 'Isa ibn Zur'a, (943 – 1008)
 * Issac Ben Solomon Israeli, (c. 850 – 950)*
 * Isidore of Seville, (c. 560 – 636)
 * Isvarakrsna, (5th century)

J

 * Jesus of Nazareth, (4 BC – AD 30)
 * Jābir ibn Hayyān, (died c. 806–816)
 * Jahm bin Safwan, (died 746)
 * Jayanta Bhatta, (c. 9th century)
 * John of Damascus, (c. 676 – 749)
 * Juan Chi, (210 – 263)
 * Justinian I, (483 – 565)

K

 * Abd al-Masih ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, (9th/10th century)
 * Al-Kindi, (801 – 873)*
 * Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani, (died c. 1021)
 * Ko Hung, (4th century)
 * Kūkai, (774 – 835)
 * Kumārila Bhaṭṭa, (c. 7th century)
 * Kundakunda, (c. 2nd century)
 * Kuo Hsiang (or Guoxiang), (c. 312)

L

 * Li Ao, (722 – 841)
 * Linji Yixuan (or Lin Chi), (c. 810 – 867)
 * Longinus, (1st century)
 * Cassius Dionysius Longinus, (213 – 273)
 * Lucian, (c. 120 – c. 180)
 * Lucius Annaeus Cornutus, (1st century)

M

 * Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, (fl. c. 430)
 * Gaius Marius Victorinus, (4th century)
 * Abu Mansur Maturidi (before 973 – c. 944)
 * Al-Mawardi, (974 – 1058)
 * Mazdak, (died c. 526)
 * Miskawayh, (c. 932 – 1030)
 * David Ibn Merwan Al-Mukammas (or Daud Ibn Marwan al-Muqammas or David ha-Bavli), (died 937)
 * Musonius Rufus, (1st century)

N

 * Nagarjuna, (c. 200)
 * Muhammad al-Nasafi (died 943)
 * Ibrahim an-Nazzam (died 835/45)
 * Nemesius of Emesa, (fl. c. 400)
 * Numenius of Apamea, (2nd century)

O

 * Olympiodorus the Younger, (495 – 570)*
 * Origen of Alexandria, (c. 182 – c. 251)

P

 * Pelagius, (c. 360 – c. 435)
 * Peter the Iberian, (411 – 491)
 * Peter of Pisa, (744 – 799)
 * Joannes Philoponus, (early 6th century)
 * Philostratus, (2nd – 3rd centuries)
 * Photios I of Constantinople, (c. 810 – c. 893)78
 * Plotinus, (died 270)
 * Mestrius Plutarch of Chaeronia, (c. 45 – c. 120)
 * Porphyry, (c. 232 – c. 304)
 * Prabhākara, (c. 7th century)
 * Proclus, (412 – 487)
 * Prudentius of Troyes, (died 861)
 * Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, (5th century)
 * Ptolemy, (c. 85 – c. 165)

Q

 * Abd al-Karīm ibn Hawāzin Qushayri, (986 – 1072)
 * Qusta ibn Luqa, (died 912)

R

 * Rabanus Maurus (or Hrabanus Maurus), (c. 783 – 856)
 * Ratramnus, (died c. 868)
 * Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (or Rhazes), (865–925)
 * Abu Hatim al-Razi, (died c. 934)
 * Remigius of Auxerre, (c. 841 – 908)

S

 * Saadia Gaon, (892 – 942)
 * Ahmad ibn al-Tayyib al-Sarakhsi, (c. 835 – 899)
 * Sedulius Scottus, (fl. 840s – 860s)
 * Sengzhao, (384 – 414)
 * Sextus Empiricus, (2nd/3rd century)
 * Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i, (767 – 819)
 * Sibawayh, (c. 760 – c. 796)
 * Siddhasena Divākara, (5th century)
 * Adi Shankara, (788 – 820)
 * Abu Sulayman Muhammad al-Sijistani, (c. 932 – c. 1000)
 * Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani, (10th century)
 * Simplicius of Cilicia, (early 6th century)*
 * Syrianus, (5th century)*

T

 * Abu Hayyan al-Tawhidi, (c. 930 – 1023)
 * Tertullian, (c. 160 – c. 220)
 * Thābit ibn Qurra, (c. 830 – 901)
 * Themistius, (317 – 387)
 * Theodore Abu-Qurrah, (c. 750 – c. 816)

U

 * Udayana, (c. 10th century)
 * Uddyotakara, (6th century)
 * Uisang, (625 – 702)
 * Umāsvāti or Umasvami, (c. 2nd century)

V

 * Vācaspati Miśra (c. 9th century)
 * Valentinius (or Valentinus), (c. 100 – c. 153)
 * Valluvar (undated; probably c. 300 BCE to 400 CE)
 * Vasubandhu, (4th century)
 * Vasugupta, (860 – 925)
 * Vatsyayana, (5th century)

W

 * Walafrid Strabo, (c. 808 – 849)
 * Wang Bi, (226 – 249)
 * Wang Ch'ung, (27–97)
 * Wasil ibn Ata, (700 – 748)
 * Wonchuk, (613 – 696)
 * Wonhyo Daisa, (617 – 686)

Y

 * Yahya ibn 'Adi, (893 – 974)

Z

 * Zhiyi, (538 – 597)
 * Zongmi, (780 – 841)