List of presidents of the Republic of China

This is a list of the presidents of the Republic of China.

The Republic of China controlled Mainland China before 1949. In the fall of 1949, the ROC government retreated to Taiwan and surrounding islands as a result of the takeover of the mainland by the Chinese Communist Party and founding of the People's Republic of China. Since 1949, the Republic of China, now commonly known as "Taiwan", has only controlled Taiwan and nearby islands. Martial law ended in Taiwan in the 1980s and direct elections were introduced in 1996.

The official name of the office in Chinese has changed several times.

List
Provisional Government:

Beiyang Government:

Nationalist to Constitutional Government:

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center"
 * colspan=9 |

Presidents of the Provisional Government
! No. ! Portrait ! width=18% |Name (Birth–Death) ! colspan=2 |Term of office ! Political party ! colspan=2 |Vice President ! Assembly (elected) ! style="background:#031096; color:white;"|1 孫中山 (1866–1925) (Independent) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;"|2 袁世凱 (1859–1916) (Independent)
 * 孫中山先生 (cropped).jpg
 * align=center| Sun Yat-sen
 * 1 January 1912 || 10 March 1912
 * Tongmenghui
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Li Yuanhong
 * align="center"| Provisional (1911)
 * YuanShikaiPresidente1915.jpg
 * align=center| Yuan Shikai
 * 10 March 1912 || 10 October 1913
 * Beiyang clique
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Li Yuanhong
 * align="center"| Provisional (1912)
 * colspan=9 |
 * colspan=9 |

Presidents of the Beiyang Government
! No. ! Portrait ! width=18% |Name (Birth–Death) ! colspan=2 |Term of office ! Political party ! colspan=2 |Vice President ! Assembly (elected) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;" | 1 袁世凱 (1859–1916) (Progressive) ! style="background:#008000; color:white;" | 2 黎元洪 (1864–1928) (Zhili clique) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;"| — 馮國璋 (1859–1919) (acting) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;"| 3 徐世昌 (1855–1939) ! style="background:#013C78; color:white;"| — 周自齊 (1871–1923) (acting) ! style="background:#008000; color:white;"| (2) 黎元洪 (1864–1928) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;" | — 高凌霨 (1868–1939) (acting) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;" |4 曹錕 (1862–1938) ! style="background:; color:black;"| — 黃郛 (1883–1936) (acting) ! rowspan=2 style="background:#CD853F; color:white;" | 5 段祺瑞 (1865–1936)
 * YuanShikaiPresidente1915.jpg
 * align=center| Yuan Shikai
 * 10 October 1913 || 6 June 1916
 * Beiyang clique
 * bgcolor=#008000 |
 * Li Yuanhong
 * rowspan=3| 1st (1913)
 * Li Yuanhong, bordered.jpg
 * align=center| Li Yuanhong
 * 7 June 1916 || 17 July 1917
 * Progressive Party
 * bgcolor=#CD853F|
 * Feng Guozhang
 * Feng Kuo Chang.jpg
 * align=center| Feng Guozhang
 * 17 July 1917 || 10 October 1918
 * Zhili clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * Xu Shichang.jpg
 * align=center| Xu Shichang
 * 10 October 1918 || 2 June 1922
 * Anhui clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=4| 2nd (1918)
 * Zhou Zi qi.jpg
 * align=center| Zhou Ziqi
 * 2 June 1922 || 11 June 1922
 * Communications Clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * Li Yuanhong 01.jpg
 * align=center| Li Yuanhong
 * 11 June 1922 || 13 June 1923
 * Research Clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * 高凌霨.jpg
 * align=center| Gao Lingwei
 * 14 June 1923 || 10 October 1923
 * Zhili clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * Cao Kun.jpg
 * align=center| Cao Kun
 * 10 October 1923 || 2 November 1924
 * Zhili clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=3| (1923)
 * Huang Fu 03 (cropped).JPG
 * align=center| Huang Fu
 * 2 November 1924 || 24 November 1924
 * Nonpartisan
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=2| DuanQirui.jpg
 * rowspan=2 align=center| Duan Qirui

! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;"| — 胡惟德 (1863–1933) (acting) ! style="background:; color:black;"| — (W.W. Yan)]]''' 顏惠慶 (1877–1950) (acting) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;"| — 杜錫珪 (1875–1933) (acting) ! style="background:; color:black;"| — 顧維鈞 (1888–1985) (acting) ! style="background:#CD853F; color:white;"| 6 張作霖 (1875–1928)
 * rowspan=2| 24 November 1924 || rowspan=2| 20 April 1926
 * rowspan=2| Anhui clique
 * rowspan=2 colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=6| Vacant
 * rowspan=6| Vacant
 * Hu Weide.jpg
 * Hu Weide
 * 20 April 1926 || 13 May 1926
 * Zhili clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * Yan Huiqing.jpg
 * '''[[Yan Huiqing|Yan Huiqing
 * 13 May 1926 || 22 June 1926
 * Nonpartisan
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * Du Xigui.jpg
 * Du Xigui
 * 22 June 1926 || 1 October 1926
 * Zhili clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * Gu Weijun.JPG
 * V.K. Wellington Koo
 * 1 October 1926 || 17 June 1927
 * Nonpartisan
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * Zhang Zuolin3.jpg
 * align=center| Zhang Zuolin
 * 18 June 1927 || 4 June 1928
 * Fengtian clique
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * colspan=9 |
 * colspan=9 |

Chairman of the Nationalist Government
! No. ! Portrait ! width=18% |Name (Birth–Death) ! colspan=2 |Term of office ! Political party ! colspan=3 |Assembly (elected) ! style="background:; color:white;"| 1 譚延闓 (1880–1930) (4th plenum) ! style="background:; color:white;" | 2 蔣中正 (1887–1975) (5th plenum) ! style="background:; color:white;"| — 林森 (1868–1943) ! style="background:; color:white;"| 3 (1st plenum) ! style="background:; color:white;"| — 蔣中正 (1887–1975) ! style="background:; color:white;"| 4 (11th plenum)
 * Tan Yankai.jpg
 * align=center| Tan Yankai
 * 7 February 1928 || 10 October 1928
 * Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="" |
 * colspan=2| 2nd National Congress of Kuomintang
 * Chiang 1.jpg
 * align=center| Chiang Kai-shek
 * 10 October 1928 || 15 December 1931
 * Kuomintang
 * rowspan=2 bgcolor="" |
 * colspan=2 rowspan=2| 2nd National Congress of Kuomintang
 * rowspan=2| Lin Sen.jpg
 * rowspan=2 align=center| Lin Sen
 * rowspan=2| 15 December 1931 || rowspan=2| 1 August 1943
 * rowspan=2| Kuomintang
 * rowspan=2 bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan=2 colspan=2| 4th National Congress of Kuomintang
 * rowspan=2| Chiang Kai-shek enhanced.jpg
 * rowspan=2 align=center| Chiang Kai-shek
 * rowspan=2| 1 August 1943 || rowspan=2| 20 May 1948
 * rowspan=2| Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="" |
 * colspan=2| 5th National Congress of Kuomintang
 * colspan=9|
 * colspan=9|

Presidents after the 1947 Constitution
! No. ! Portrait ! width=18% |Name (Birth–Death) ! colspan=2 |Term of office ! Political party ! colspan=2 |Vice President ! Term (elected) ! style="background:; color:white;" |1 蔣中正 (1887–1975) (Kuomintang) ! style="background:; color:white;"| — 李宗仁 (1890–1969) (acting) ! style="background:; color:white;" rowspan=7|(1) 蔣中正 (1887–1975) (Kuomintang) (Kuomintang) (Kuomintang) ! style="background:; color:white;"| 2 (C. K. Yen) 嚴家淦 (1905–1993) ! style="background:; color:white;" rowspan=2| 3 蔣經國 (1910–1988) (Kuomintang) (Kuomintang) ! style="background:; color:white;" rowspan=3| 4 李登輝 (1923–2020) (Kuomintang) (Kuomintang) ! style="background:; color:white;" rowspan=2| 5 陳水扁 (born 1950) (DPP) ! style="background:; color:white;" rowspan=2| 6 馬英九 (born 1950) (Kuomintang) (Kuomintang) ! rowspan=2 style="background:; color:white;" | Presidency of Tsai Ing-wen 蔡英文 (born 1956) (Independent) (DPP) ! rowspan=1 style="background:; color:white;" | Presidency of Lai Ching-te 賴清德 (born 1959) (DPP)
 * Chiang Kai-shek, president of the Republic of China (Nanjing, May 20, 1948).jpg
 * Chiang Kai-shek
 * 20 May 1948 || 21 January 1949
 * Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Li Zongren
 * rowspan=4| 1 (1948)
 * 李宗仁戎裝照(cropped).jpg
 * Li Zongren
 * 21 January 1949 || 1 March 1950
 * Kuomintang
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=7|蔣中正總統玉照.png
 * rowspan=7 align=center| Chiang Kai-shek
 * rowspan=7 | 1 March 1950 || rowspan=7 | 5 April 1975
 * rowspan=7| Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Li Zongren
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=2 bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan=2| Chen Cheng
 * rowspan=2 bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan=2| Chen Cheng
 * 2 (1954)
 * rowspan=2| 3 (1960)
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=2 bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan=2| Yen Chia-kan
 * rowspan=2 bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan=2| Yen Chia-kan
 * rowspan=2| Yen Chia-kan
 * 4 (1966)
 * rowspan=2| 5 (1972)
 * rowspan=2| 5 (1972)
 * President03-large.png
 * Yen Chia-kan
 * 5 April 1975 || 20 May 1978
 * Kuomintang
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * rowspan=2|第7任總統蔣經國先生玉照.jpg
 * rowspan=2 align=center| Chiang Ching-kuo
 * rowspan=2| 20 May 1978 || rowspan=2| 13 January 1988
 * rowspan=2| Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Hsieh Tung-min
 * 6 (1978)
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Lee Teng-hui
 * Lee Teng-hui
 * rowspan=2| 7 (1984)
 * rowspan=3| 李登輝總統玉照 (cropped).jpg
 * rowspan=3 align=center| Lee Teng-hui
 * rowspan=3| 13 January 1988 || rowspan=3| 20 May 2000
 * rowspan=3| Kuomintang
 * colspan=2| Vacant
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Lee Yuan-tsu
 * Lee Yuan-tsu
 * 8 (1990)
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Lien Chan
 * Lien Chan
 * 9 (1996)
 * rowspan=2|總統陳水扁先生玉照 (國民大會實錄).jpg
 * rowspan=2 align=center| Chen Shui-bian
 * rowspan=2| 20 May 2000 || rowspan=2| 20 May 2008
 * rowspan=2|Democratic Progressive
 * rowspan=2 bgcolor="" |
 * rowspan=2|Annette Lu
 * 10 (2000)
 * 11 (2004)
 * 11 (2004)
 * rowspan=2|中華民國第12、13任總統馬英九先生官方肖像照.jpg
 * rowspan=2 align=center| Ma Ying-jeou
 * rowspan=2| 20 May 2008 || rowspan=2| 20 May 2016
 * rowspan=2|Kuomintang
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Vincent Siew
 * 12 (2008)
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Wu Den-yih
 * Wu Den-yih
 * 13 (2012)
 * rowspan=2| 蔡英文官方元首肖像照 (cropped).png
 * rowspan=2| Tsai Ing-wen
 * rowspan=2| 20 May 2016 || rowspan=2| 20 May 2024
 * rowspan=2| Democratic Progressive
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Chen Chien-jen
 * 14 (2016)
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Lai Ching-te
 * Lai Ching-te
 * 15 (2020)
 * rowspan=1| Lai Ching-te election infobox (2).jpg
 * rowspan=1| Lai Ching-te
 * rowspan=1| 20 May 2024 || rowspan=1| Incumbent
 * rowspan=1| Democratic Progressive
 * bgcolor="" |
 * Hsiao Bi-khim
 * 16 (2024)
 * }
 * }

Presidential age-related data (post-1947 Constitution)
Key: {{legend|#FFFFFF|Dead}} {{legend|#ddf|Living}} {{legend|#dfd|Incumbent}}

Oldest living
Green text and an asterisk mark the inauguration date of a president older than any living ex-president. Other dates are the deaths of the then-oldest president.

Graphical representation
This is a graphical lifespan timeline of the presidents of the Republic of China (post-1947 Constitution) and they are listed in order of office.

The following chart shows presidents by their age (living presidents in green), with the years of their presidency in blue.