List of prisoners of Buchenwald

During the history of Buchenwald concentration camp, thousands of people were imprisoned.

List of prisoners



 * Roy Allen, American pilot
 * Jean Améry, Austrian-Belgian writer
 * Robert Antelme, French writer
 * Jacob Avigdor, before World War II Chief Rabbi of Drohobych, afterward Chief Rabbi of Mexico
 * Conrad Baars, psychiatrist
 * Fritz Beckhardt, German-Jewish World War I fighter pilot
 * Fritz Behr, German politician (SPD, SED), educator and literary scholar who would become mayor of Weimar
 * Robert Benoist, French world champion motor racing driver and member of the British Special Operations Executive, executed on 9 September 1944
 * Bruno Bettelheim, Jewish Austrian-American child psychologist
 * Józef Biniszkiewicz, Polish socialist politician
 * Léon Blum, Jewish French politician, pre-and post-war long-term French prime minister
 * Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Protestant theologian and prominent member of the Confessing Church
 * Boris Braun, Croatian University professor
 * Rudolf Brazda, the last known surviving homosexual deported to the camps; died in 2011
 * Rudolf Breitscheid, former member of the SPD and leader of its faction in the Weimar Reichstag, died in the camp in 1944
 * Christopher Burney, British officer and Special Operations Executive (SOE) operative
 * Marian Ciepielowski, Polish physician
 * Robert Clary, French actor, Corporal Louis LeBeau in the Hogan's Heroes television series
 * René Cogny, French general
 * Seweryn Franciszek Światopełk-Czetwertyński, Polish politician
 * Édouard Daladier, French politician, former head of the French government
 * Marcel Dassault, French aviation entrepreneur who founded the Dassault Group
 * Hélie de Saint Marc, member of the French resistance, later involved in the attempted Algiers putsch of 1961
 * Léon Delarbre, French artist and museum curator
 * Laure Diebold, French resistant, Compagnon de la Libération
 * Willem Drees, Dutch politician and prime minister, held as hostage in Buchenwald from 1940 to 1941
 * Ernest Emanuel Israel Dreyfus, painter who emigrated to London and then to Chicago, Illinois
 * Franz Ehrlich, German architect, designer of the Buchenwald entrance gates
 * Marian Filar, Polish Jewish concert pianist and virtuoso.
 * Ludwik Fleck, Polish serologist and philosopher of science.
 * Henri Frager, French resistance member, second in command of CARTE, then head of DONKEYMAN network
 * Josef Frank (politician), Czech communist
 * Carl Simon Fried, physician, radiologist, poet
 * Joseph Friedenson, writer and editor
 * Frans Frison, Belgian resister, transported from Breendonk.
 * August Froehlich, German Roman Catholic priest active in resistance movement against the National Socialism
 * Henry P. Glass, Austrian Architect and Industrial Designer, transferred from Dachau in September 1938, released in January 1939, moved to the US
 * Albin Grau, film producer (Nosferatu, 1922)
 * Maurice Halbwachs French sociologist, died in the camp in 1945
 * , Dutch psychiatrist
 * Bertrand Herz, French engineer, president of IKBD (International Committee Buchenwald Dora and commandos)
 * Curt Herzstark inventor of the Curta calculator, hand-held, hand-cranked mechanical calculator
 * Heinrich Eduard Jacob, German writer
 * Paul-Émile Janson, Belgian politician, former Prime Minister of Belgium, died in the camp in 1944
 * Joachim Ernst, Duke of Anhalt, died in Soviet custody in 1947.
 * Léon Jouhaux, French trade unionist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate
 * Józef Kachel, Scout leader, head of the pre-war Polish Scouting Association in Germany
 * Imre Kertész writer, 2002 Nobel Prize in Literature recipient
 * Eugen Kogon, anti-Nazi activist, later Christian Socialist, professor, broadcaster and author
 * Phillip (Phil) J. Lamason, Squadron Leader, Royal New Zealand Air Force
 * Leon Lasota, (born 1921) Polish resistance fighter and political dissident. Successfully escaped the camp after three years of internment. Subsequently assisted the Allies as a translator.
 * Yisrael Meir Lau (born 1937), Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel
 * Hermann Leopoldi, Austrian composer and entertainer
 * Fritz Löhner-Beda, Austrian lyricist
 * Artur London, senior Czech communist and writer, future government minister
 * Jacques Lusseyran, blind French memoirist and professor
 * Princess Mafalda of Savoy, the daughter of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, died in the camp in 1944.
 * Henri Maspero, French Sinologist, pioneering scholar of Taoism, died in the camp in March 1945
 * Karl Mayr, Adolf Hitler's immediate superior in an Army Intelligence Division in the Reichswehr, 1919–1920, died in the camp in 1945
 * Mel Mermelstein
 * Paul Morgan, Austrian actor, died in the camp in 1938
 * Joseph F. Moser, American pilot
 * Ferdinand Münz (1888-1969), chemist. The inventor of EDTA.
 * John H. Noble, American-born gulag survivor and author; Family owner of the Praktica Camera factory, Dresden 1945
 * Andrée Peel, Member of the French resistance
 * Rudolf Perth, Austrian politician and Jew 1938.
 * Harry Peulevé, an agent of the SOE who managed to escape Buchenwald with F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas.
 * Henri Christiaan Pieck, Dutch painter and twin brother of Anton Pieck
 * Karl Plättner, Communist
 * Paul Rassinier, considered the father of Holocaust denial
 * Jean Riboud, French corporate executive and former chairman of Schlumberger
 * Jakob Rosenfeld, minister of health under Mao
 * Herbert Sandberg, artist, designer, publisher of Ulenspiegel
 * Paul Schneider, German pastor, died in the camp in 1939
 * Jorge Semprún, Spanish intellectual and politician and culture minister of Spain (1988–91)
 * Jura Soyfer, Austrian poet and dramatist, died in the camp in 1939
 * Boris Taslitzky (1911- 2005), French painter.
 * Ernst Thälmann, leader of the Communist Party of Germany, died in the camp in April 1944
 * Jack van der Geest, escapee
 * Fred Wander, Austrian writer
 * Ernst Wiechert, German writer
 * Elie Wiesel, Romanian Jewish French-American writer, 1986 Nobel Peace Prize recipient
 * F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas, Royal Air Force Wing Commander and British Special Operations Executive (SOE) agent, codenamed "The White Rabbit"
 * Petr Zenkl, Czech National Social Party politician, deputy Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1946–1948)
 * Icilio Zuliani, Italian footballer, died after liberation in 1945
 * Horia Sima, imprisoned in a humane section of the camp alongside other Iron Guard members