List of sovereign states in 1528

A

 *  Aceh - Sultanate of Aceh
 *  Adal - Adal Sultanate
 * Airgíalla - Kingdom of Airgíalla Capital: Not specified
 * Alsace - Duchy of Alsace
 * Anhalt - Principality of Anhalt
 * Annam
 * Ansbach - Principality of Ansbach
 * Aragon - Kingdom of Aragon
 * Arakan - Kingdom of Arakan
 * Armagnac - County of Armagnac
 * Armorica - Kingdom (Dukedom) of Armorica
 * Ashanti - Kingdom of Ashanti
 * Assam - Kingdom of Assam
 * Astrakhan - Astrakhan Khanate
 * Austria - Archduchy of Austria
 * Auvergne - County of Auvergne
 * Ayutthaya - Ayutthaya Kingdom
 * Aztec - Aztec Empire

B

 * Margraviate of Baden
 * Kingdom of Bali
 * Duchy of Bavaria
 * Béarn - Viscounty of Béarn
 * Kingdom of Bengal
 * Empire of Benin
 * Berar Sultanate
 * Kingdom of Bhadgaon
 * Sultanate of Bijapur
 * Duchy of Bourbonnais
 * Margraviate of Brandenburg
 * Archbishopric of Bremen
 * Duchy of Brittany
 * Brunei - Sultanate of Brunei
 * Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg
 * Khanate of Bukhara

C

 * Catalonia - Principality of Catalonia
 * Ceylon - Kotte Kingdom
 * Kingdom of Chabor (Chaibor, Kheibar)
 * Chagatai Khanate
 * Kingdom of Champa
 * Cherokee Tribe
 * China - Empire of the Great Ming
 * Duchy of Cleves
 * Electorate of Cologne
 * Kingdom of Connacht
 * Cospaia - Republic of Cospaia
 * Creek Tribe
 * Crimea - Crimean Khanate

D

 * Kingdom of Đại Việt
 * Sultanate of Delhi
 * 🇩🇰 Kingdom of Denmark
 * Sultanate of Dulkadir

E

 * Kingdom of England
 * Ethiopian Empire

F

 * Kingdom of France
 * Kingdom of Funj

G

 * Duchy of Gelre
 * Most Serene Republic of Genoa
 * Kingdom of Georgia
 * Kingdom of Golconda (Qutb Shahi dynasty)
 * Kingdom of Gondwana
 * Sultanate of Gujarat

H

 * Sheikdom of al-Haasa
 * Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
 * Hausa Kingdoms
 * Landgraviate of Hesse
 * Huron Tribe

I

 * Inca Empire
 * Iroquois Tribe

J

 * Japan - Sengoku period

K

 * Bornu Empire
 * - Kingdom of Kartli
 * Sultanate of Kashmir
 * Kazakh Khanate
 * Khanate of Kazan
 * Kingdom of Khandesh
 * Khanate of Khiva
 * Khmer Empire
 * Knights Hospitaller - Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta, Knights of Malta, Knights of Rhodes, and Chevaliers of Malta
 * Kingdom of Kongo
 * Korea - Kingdom of Joseon

L

 * Kingdom of Lan Na
 * Kingdom of Lan Xang
 * Kingdom of Leinster
 * Prince-Bishopric of Liège
 * Grand Duchy of Lithuania
 * Duchy of Lorraine

M

 * Archbishopric of Mainz
 * Sultanate of Makassar
 * Malacca Sultanate
 * Sultanate of Maldives
 * Mali Empire
 * Malwa Sultanate
 * Mamluk Sultanate
 * Manchu - Manchu People
 * Kingdom of Manipur
 * Duchy of Mantua
 * Maya Empire
 * Duchy of Mecklenburg
 * Duchy of Milan
 * Duchy of Modena and Reggio
 * Principality of Moldavia
 * Principality of Monaco
 * Mongol Khanate
 * Montenegro
 * Sultanate of Morocco
 * Kingdom of Mrauk U
 * Mughal Empire
 * Kingdom of Munster
 * Prince-Bishopric of Münster
 * Muscovy - Grand Duchy of Moscow
 * Kingdom of Mutapa
 * Mysore - Kingdom of Mysore

N

 * Nejd - Sultanate of Najd
 * Namayan
 * Kingdom of Navarre
 * Naxos - Duchy of the Archipelago
 * Kingdom of Nepal
 * Nogai Horde
 * Kingdom of Norway

O

 * Oirat Horde
 * County of Oldenburg
 * Kingdom of Odisha
 * Duchy of Orléans
 * Sublime Ottoman State
 * Oyo Empire

P

 * Electorate of the Palatinate
 * Papal States
 * Pattani Kingdom
 * Kingdom of Pegu
 * Persian Empire
 * Kingdom of Poland
 * {{flagicon image|Arms of the House of Pomerania (XVI century).svg]]
 * {{Flagicon image|Flag Portugal (1495).svg}} Kingdom of Portugal
 * {{flagicon image|Flag of Ducal Prussia.svg|border=}} Duchy of Prussia

Q

 * Qasim Khanate

R

 * Republic of Ragusa
 * Archbishopric of Riga
 * Ryukyu Kingdom

S

 * Archbishopric of Salzburg
 * 🇸🇲 Most Serene Republic of San Marino
 * County of Santa Fiora
 * Duchy of Savoy
 * Electorate of Saxony
 * Kingdom of Scotland
 * Kingdom of Shan
 * Shawnee Tribe
 * Khanate of Sibir
 * Republic of Siena
 * Duchy of Silesia
 * Songhai Empire
 * 🇪🇸 - Habsburg Kingdom of Spain
 * Kingdom of Sukhothai
 * Sultanate of Sulu
 * Swahili Tribe
 * Kingdom of Sweden
 * 🇨🇭 Old Swiss Confederacy

T

 * Terra Mariana (Livonian Confederation)

U

 * Uí Failghe - Kingdom of Uí Failghe

W

 * Principality of Wallachia

States claiming sovereignty

 * Republic of Goust