List of spaceplanes

A spaceplane incorporates aspects of both aeroplanes and spacecraft. Most concepts were only capable of sub-orbital spaceflight.


 * ASSET || USA || Rocket launch || Experimental || 1963 || Prototype || || Uncrewed reentry test vehicle.
 * Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar || USA || Rocket launch || Experimental || 1963 || Project || || Crewed
 * Boeing X-37 || USA || Rocket launch || Utility || 2010 || Prototype || || Robotic orbiter operated by the United States Armed Forces.
 * BOR-4 || USSR || Rocket launch || Experimental || 1982 || Prototype || || Uncrewed reentry test vehicle.
 * Buran Shuttle || USSR || Rocket launch || Utility || 1988 || Prototype || || Crewed orbiter, launched by the Energia rocket. Only one robotic flight was made.
 * Dream Chaser ||USA|| Rocket launch || Utility || 2004|| Project|| || Uncrewed orbiter, originally intended as a crew vehicle. Launched by a Vulcan Centaur rocket.
 * HOTOL || UK || SSTO || Utility || 1988 || Project || 0 || Airbreathing rocket engine.
 * Interim HOTOL || UK || Air launch || Utility || 1991 || Project || 0 || Launched from the Antonov An-225 Mriya, the Buran air lift carrier aircraft.
 * Martin X-23 PRIME || USA || Rocket launch || Experimental || 1966 || Prototype || || Uncrewed atmospheric re-entry test vehicle
 * North American X-15 || USA || Air launch || Experimental || 1959 || Prototype || 3 || Air-dropped from a Boeing B-52.
 * Sanger Silbervogel || Germany || Composite || Bomber || 1944 || Project || 0 || Sub-orbital. Mockup and wind tunnel models only.
 * Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne || USA || Composite || Transport || 2004 || Prototype || 1 || First civilian-funded reusable spacecraft, lifted by White Knight to about 14 km
 * Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo || USA || Composite || Transport || 2010 || Prototype || 2 || For Virgin Galactic commercial testing.
 * Skylon || UK || SSTO || Utility || 1993 || Project || || Continuation of cancelled HOTOL.
 * Space Rider || ESA || Lifting body || Experimental || 2021 || Project || || Robotic, orbital
 * Space Shuttle || USA || Rocket launch || Utility || 1981 || Retired || 4–8 || Crewed orbiter.
 * XCOR Lynx (formerly Xerus) || USA || Suborbital || Experimental || 2008 || Project || 0 || Horizontal takeoff and landing.
 * }
 * North American X-15 || USA || Air launch || Experimental || 1959 || Prototype || 3 || Air-dropped from a Boeing B-52.
 * Sanger Silbervogel || Germany || Composite || Bomber || 1944 || Project || 0 || Sub-orbital. Mockup and wind tunnel models only.
 * Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne || USA || Composite || Transport || 2004 || Prototype || 1 || First civilian-funded reusable spacecraft, lifted by White Knight to about 14 km
 * Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo || USA || Composite || Transport || 2010 || Prototype || 2 || For Virgin Galactic commercial testing.
 * Skylon || UK || SSTO || Utility || 1993 || Project || || Continuation of cancelled HOTOL.
 * Space Rider || ESA || Lifting body || Experimental || 2021 || Project || || Robotic, orbital
 * Space Shuttle || USA || Rocket launch || Utility || 1981 || Retired || 4–8 || Crewed orbiter.
 * XCOR Lynx (formerly Xerus) || USA || Suborbital || Experimental || 2008 || Project || 0 || Horizontal takeoff and landing.
 * }
 * Skylon || UK || SSTO || Utility || 1993 || Project || || Continuation of cancelled HOTOL.
 * Space Rider || ESA || Lifting body || Experimental || 2021 || Project || || Robotic, orbital
 * Space Shuttle || USA || Rocket launch || Utility || 1981 || Retired || 4–8 || Crewed orbiter.
 * XCOR Lynx (formerly Xerus) || USA || Suborbital || Experimental || 2008 || Project || 0 || Horizontal takeoff and landing.
 * }
 * XCOR Lynx (formerly Xerus) || USA || Suborbital || Experimental || 2008 || Project || 0 || Horizontal takeoff and landing.
 * }
 * }