List of state leaders in the 1st century BC


 * State leaders in the 2nd century BC – State leaders in the 1st century– State leaders by year

This is a list of state leaders in the 1st century BC (100–1 BC).

Africa: Northcentral
Libya


 * Cyrene (complete list) –
 * Ptolemy Apion, King (c.147–96 BC)

Africa: Northeast
Egypt


 * Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt (complete list) –
 * Ptolemy IX Lathyros, Pharaoh (116–110 BC, 110–109 BC, 88–81 BC)
 * Ptolemy X Alexander I, Pharaoh (110–109 BC, 107–88 BC)
 * Berenice III, Pharaoh (101–88 BC, 81–80 BC)
 * Ptolemy XI Alexander II, Pharaoh (80 BC)
 * Ptolemy XII Auletes, Pharaoh (80–58 BC, 55–51 BC)
 * Cleopatra VI, Pharaoh (58–57 BC)
 * Berenice IV, Pharaoh (58–55 BC)
 * Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, Pharaoh (51–47 BC)
 * Cleopatra VII, Pharaoh (51–30 BC)
 * Arsinoe IV, Queen (48–47 BC)
 * Ptolemy XIV, Pharaoh (47–44 BC)
 * Caesarion, Pharaoh (44–30 BC)

Nubia


 * Kush (complete list) –
 * Tanyidamani, Qore (2nd–1st century BC)
 * Naqyrinsan, Qore (early 1st century BC)
 * Aqrakamani, Qore (late 1st century BC)
 * Teriteqas, Qore (c.40 BC)
 * Amanirenas, Kandake, Queen Regent (c.40–10 BC)
 * Amanishakheto, Kandake, Queen Regent (c.10 BC–1 AD)
 * Amanitore, Kandake, Queen Co-regent (c.40–10 BC)
 * Amanikhabale, Qore (c.50–40 BC)

Africa: Northwest
Algeria


 * Numidia (complete list) –
 * Gauda, King (105–88 BC)
 * Hiempsal II, King (88–60 BC)
 * Juba I, King (60–46 BC)
 * Juba II, client King under Rome (29–25 BC)

Morocco


 * Mauretania (complete list) –
 * Bocchus I, King (c.110–c.80s BC)
 * Bocchus II, King (49–c.33 BC)
 * Bogud, Co-King (49–c.38 BC)
 * Juba II, client King under Rome (25 BC–23 AD)

Asia: East
China


 * Western Han, China (complete list) –
 * Wu, Emperor (141–87 BC)
 * Zhao, Emperor (87–74 BC)
 * Liu He, Emperor (74 BC)
 * Xuan Di, Emperor (74–49 BC)
 * Yuan, Emperor (48–33 BC)
 * Cheng, Emperor (33–7 BC)
 * Ai, Emperor (7–1 BC)
 * Ping, Emperor (1 BC–5 AD)

Korea: Three Kingdoms


 * Baekje (complete list) –
 * Onjo, King (18 BC–28 AD)


 * Eastern Buyeo (complete list) –
 * Hae Buru, King (86–48 BC)
 * Geumwa, King (48–7 BC)
 * Daeso, King (7 BC–22 AD)


 * Goguryeo (complete list) –
 * Dongmyeong, King (37–19 BC)
 * Yuri, King (19 BC–18 AD)


 * Silla (complete list) –
 * Hyeokgeose, King (57 BC–4 AD)

Asia: South
India


 * Kanva dynasty (complete list) –
 * Vasudeva (c.75–c.66 BC)
 * Bhumimitra (c.66–c.52 BC)
 * Narayana (c.52–c.40 BC)
 * Susharman (c.40–c.30 BC)


 * Satavahana dynasty (Purana-based chronology) –
 * Satakarni II, King (141–85 BC)
 * Lambodara, King (85–67 BC)
 * Apilaka, King (67–55 BC)
 * Meghasvati, King (55–37 BC)
 * Svati, King (37–19 BC)
 * Skandasvati, King (19–12 BC)
 * Mrigendra Satakarni, King (12–9 BC)
 * Kunatala Satakarni, King (9–1 BC)
 * Satakarni III, King (1 BC–1 AD)


 * Northern Satraps (complete list) –
 * Hagamasha, Satrap (late 1st century BC)
 * Hagana, Satrap (late 1st century BC)


 * Shunga Empire (complete list) –
 * Devabhuti, Emperor (83–73 BC)

Pakistan


 * Apracharajas (complete list) –
 * Indravarman, Raja (1st century BC)
 * Vijayamitra, Raja (12 BC–15 AD)

Sri Lanka


 * Anuradhapura Kingdom (complete list) –
 * Pulahatta, King (103–100 BC)
 * Bahiya, King (100–98 BC)
 * Panya Mara, King (98–91 BC)
 * Pilaya Mara, King (91–90 BC)
 * Dathika, King (90–88 BC)
 * Valagamba, King (104–103, c.89–77 BC)
 * Mahakuli Mahatissa, King (76–62 BC)
 * Chora Naga, King (62–50 BC)
 * Kuda Tissa, King (50–47 BC)
 * Siva I, King (47–47 BC)
 * Vatuka, King (47–47 BC)
 * Darubhatika Tissa, King (47–47 BC)
 * Niliya, King (47–47 BC)
 * Anula, King (47–42 BC)
 * Kutakanna Tissa, King (42–20 BC)
 * Bhatikabhaya Abhaya, King (20 BC–9 AD)

Asia: West

 * Bithynia (complete list) –
 * Nicomedes III Euergetes, King (127–94 BC)
 * Nicomedes IV Philopator, King (94–74 BC)
 * Socrates Chrestus, King (c.90 BC)


 * Cappadocia (complete list) –
 * Ariarathes VIII, client King under Rome (101–96 BC)
 * Ariarathes IX, nominal King under Pontus (c. 95 BC)
 * Ariobarzanes I, client King (95–c.63 BC)
 * Ariobarzanes II, client King under Rome (c.63–51 BC)
 * Ariobarzanes III, client King under Rome (51–42 BC)
 * Ariarathes X, client King under Rome (42–36 BC)
 * Archelaus, client King under Rome (36 BC–17 AD)


 * Characene (complete list) –
 * Tiraios I, King (95/94–90/89 BC)
 * Tiraios II, King (79/78–49/48 BC)
 * Artabazos I, King (49/48–48/47 BC)
 * Attambelos I, King (47/46–25/24 BC)
 * Theonesios I, King (c.19/18)
 * Attambelos II, King (c.17/16 BC–8/9 AD)


 * Bosporan Kingdom (complete list) –
 * Asander, client King under Rome (47 BC, 44–17 BC)
 * Dynamis, client Queen under Rome (47–14 BC)
 * Mithridates, client King under Rome (47–44 BC)
 * Scribonius, King (17–16 BC)
 * Aspurgus, client King under Rome (8 BC–38 AD)


 * Colchis (complete list) –
 * Mithridates, client King under Pontus (fl. 65 BC)
 * Machares, client King under Pontus (fl. 65 BC)
 * Aristarchus, client King under Rome (65–47 BC)


 * Commagene (complete list) –
 * Mithridates I, King (109–70 BC)
 * Antiochus I, King (70–38 BC)
 * Mithridates II, King (38–20 BC)
 * Mithridates III, King (20–12 BC)
 * Antiochus III, King (12 BC–17 AD)


 * Elymais (complete list) –
 * Kamnaskires III Megas Nikephorus, client King under Parthia (c.85 BC)
 * Kamnaskires IV, client King under Parthia (c.82/1–c.76/5 BC)
 * Kamnaskires V, client King under Parthia (c.73/2–c.46 BC)
 * Kamnaskires VI, client King under Parthia (c.46–c.28 BC)
 * Kamnaskires VII, client King under Parthia (c.28 BC–c.1 AD)


 * Indo-Greek Kingdom (complete list) –
 * Antialcidas, King of Paropamisade, Arachosia, and Gandhara (115–95 BC)
 * Heliokles II, King of Gandhara and Punjab (110–100 BC)
 * Polyxenios, King of Paropamisade and Arachosia (c.100 BC)
 * Demetrius III, King of Gandhara and Punjab (c.100 BC)
 * Philoxenus, King of Paropamisade, Arachosia, Gandhara, and Punjab (100–95 BC)
 * Diomedes, King of Paropamisade (95–90 BC)
 * Amyntas, King of Arachosia and Gandhara (95–90 BC)
 * Epander, King of Punjab (95–90 BC)
 * Theophilos, King of Paropamisade (c.90 BC)
 * Peukolaos, King of Arachosia and Gandhara (c.90 BC)
 * Nicias, King of Paropamisade (90–85 BC)
 * Menander II, King of Arachosia and Gandhara (90–85 BC)
 * Hermaeus, King of Paropamisade (90–70 BC)
 * Archebius, King of Arachosia, Gandhara, and Punjab (90–80 BC)
 * Maues, Indo-Scythian King of Paropamisade, Arachosia, Gandhara, and Punjab (85–60 BC)
 * Artemidoros, King of Gandhara/Punjab (c.80 BC)
 * Apollodotus II, King of Punjab (80–65 BC)
 * Telephos, King of Gandhara (75–70 BC)
 * Hippostratos, King of Western Punjab (65–55 BC)
 * Dionysios, King of Eastern Punjab (65–55 BC)
 * Zoilos II, King of Eastern Punjab (55–35 BC)
 * Apollophanes, King of Eastern Punjab (35–25 BC)
 * Strato II and Strato III, Kings of Eastern Punjab (25 BC–10 AD)


 * Indo-Scythian Kingdom (complete list) –
 * Maues, King (c.85–60 BC)
 * Vonones, King (c.75–65 BC)
 * Spalahores, King (c.75–65 BC)
 * Spalirises, King (c.60–57 BC)
 * Azes I, King (c.57–35 BC)
 * Azilises, King (c.57–35 BC)
 * Azes II, King (c.35–12 BC)
 * Zeionises, Sub-king (c.10 BC–10 AD)
 * Kharahostes, Sub-king (c.10 BC–10 AD)


 * Judea: Hasmonean dynasty (complete list) –
 * Alexander Jannaeus, King and High Priest (103–76 BC)
 * Alexandra Salome, Queen (76–67 BC)
 * John Hyrcanus II
 * High Priest (76–66, 63–40 BC)
 * King (67–66 BC)
 * Ethnarch (47–40 BC)
 * Aristobulus II, King and High Priest (66–63 BC)
 * Antipater, Procurator (47–44 BC)
 * Antigonus, King and High Priest (40–37 BC)


 * Judea: Herodian dynasty (complete list) –
 * Herod the Great, client King under Rome (37–4 BC)


 * Nabataea (complete list) –
 * Aretas II, King (120/110–96 BC)
 * Obodas I, King (c.96–85 BC)
 * Aretas III, King (84–60/59 BC)
 * Obodas II, King (62/61–60/59 BC)
 * Malichus I, King (59–30 BC)
 * Obodas III, King (30–9 BC)
 * Aretas IV Philopatris, King (9/8 BC–39/40 AD)


 * Osroene (complete list) –
 * Bakru II, King (112–94 BC)
 * Ma'nu I, King (94 BC)
 * Abgar I, King (94–68 BC)
 * Abgar II, King (68–52 BC)
 * Ma'nu II, King (52–34 BC)
 * Paqor of, King (34–29 BC)
 * Abgar III, King (29–26 BC)
 * Abgar IV, King (26–23 BC)
 * Ma'nu III, King (23–4 BC)
 * Abgar V, King (4 BC–7 AD, 13–50)


 * Parthian Empire (complete list) –
 * Mithridates II, Great King, Shah (124–88 BC)
 * Gotarzes I, Great King, Shah (95–90 BC)
 * Orodes I, Great King, Shah (90–80 BC)
 * Sanatruces, Great King, Shah (77–70 BC)
 * Phraates III, Great King, Shah (70–57 BC)
 * Mithridates III, Great King, Shah (57–54 BC)
 * Orodes II, Great King, Shah (57–38 BC)
 * Pacorus I,§ Great King, Shah (51 BC)
 * Phraates IV, Great King, Shah (37–2 BC)
 * Tiridates II,§ Great King, Shah (32 BC)
 * Musa, Great Queen, Shah (2 BC–4 AD)
 * Phraates V, Great King, Shah (2 BC–4 AD)


 * Pontus (complete list) –
 * Mithridates VI, King (120–63 BC)
 * Pharnaces II, client King under Rome (63–47 BC)
 * Darius, client King under Rome (39–37 BC)
 * Arsaces, client King under Rome (c.37 BC)
 * Polemon I, client King under Rome (37–8 BC)
 * Pythodorida, client Queen under Rome (8 BC–38 AD)


 * Seleucid Empire (complete list) –
 * Antiochus IX Cyzicenus, King (114–96 BC)
 * Seleucus VI Epiphanes, King (96–95 BC)
 * Antiochus X Eusebes, King (95–92/83 BC)
 * Antiochus XI Epiphanes, King (95–87 BC)
 * Demetrius III Eucaerus, King (95–92 BC)
 * Philip I Philadelphus, King (95–84/83 BC)
 * Antiochus XII Dionysus, King (87–84 BC)
 * Seleucus VII Kybiosaktes, King (83–69 BC)
 * Antiochus XIII Asiaticus, King (69–64 BC)
 * Philip II Philoromaeus, King (65–63 BC)

Europe: Balkans

 * Sapaean kingdom of Thrace (complete list) –
 * Cotys I, King (57–48 BC)
 * Rhescuporis I, King (48–41 BC)


 * Odrysian kingdom of Thrace (complete list) –
 * Teres III, King (c.149 BC)
 * Beithys, King (140–120 BC)
 * Cotys V, King (120–? BC)
 * Sadalas I, King (87–79 BC)
 * Cotys VI, King (57–48 BC)
 * Sadalas II, King (48–42 BC)
 * Sadalas III, King (42–31 BC)
 * Rhescuporis II, King (18–13 BC)
 * Rhascus, King (18–11 BC)
 * Rhoemetalces I, King (12 BC–12 AD)

Europe: British Isles

 * Atrebates (complete list) –
 * Commius, King (57–c.22 BC
 * Tincomarus, King (c.22–8 AD)
 * Eppillus, King (8–15)
 * Verica, King (15–40)


 * Catuvellauni (complete list) –
 * Cassivellaunus, Chieftain/Leader (c. 54 BC)
 * Tasciovanus, King (c.20 BC–9 AD)

Europe: Central

 * Marcomanni (complete list) –
 * Maroboduus, King (9 BC–19 AD)

Europe: East

 * Dacia (complete list) –
 * Charnabon, King (5th century BC)
 * Histrianorum, King (c.339 BC)
 * Cothelas, King (4th century BC)
 * Dual, King (3rd century BC)
 * Rhemaxos, King (c.200 BC)
 * Moskon, King (3rd century BC)
 * Dromichaetes, King (3rd century BC)
 * Zalmodegicus, King (late 3rd century BC)
 * Rubobostes, King (2nd century BC)
 * Oroles, King (2nd century BC)
 * Dicomes, King (1st century BC)
 * Rholes, King (1st century BC)
 * Dapyx, King (1st century BC)
 * Cotiso, King (1st century BC)
 * Zyraxes, King (1st century BC)
 * Burebista, King (82–44 BC)
 * Comosicus, King (44 BC–28 AD)

Europe: South

 * Roman Republic (complete list) –


 * 100
 * Gaius Marius, Consul
 * Lucius Valerius Flaccus, Consul
 * 99
 * Marcus Antonius, Consul
 * Aulus Postumius Albinus, Consul
 * 98
 * Quintus Caecilius Metellus Nepos, Consul
 * Titus Didius, Consul
 * 97
 * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, Consul
 * Publius Licinius Crassus, Consul
 * 96
 * Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, Consul
 * Gaius Cassius Longinus, Consul
 * 95
 * Lucius Licinius Crassus, Consul
 * Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex, Consul
 * 94
 * Gaius Coelius Caldus, Consul
 * Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, Consul
 * 93
 * Gaius Valerius Flaccus, Consul
 * Marcus Herennius, Consul
 * 92
 * Gaius Claudius Pulcher, Consul
 * Marcus Perperna, Consul
 * 91
 * Lucius Marcius Philippus, Consul
 * Sextus Julius Caesar, Consul
 * 90
 * Lucius Julius Caesar, Consul
 * Publius Rutilius Lupus, Consul
 * 89
 * Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo, Consul
 * Lucius Porcius Cato, Consul
 * 88
 * Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Consul
 * Quintus Pompeius Rufus, Consul
 * 87
 * Gnaeus Octavius, Consul
 * Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Consul
 * Lucius Cornelius Merula, Suffect consul
 * 86
 * Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Consul
 * Gaius Marius, Consul
 * Lucius Valerius Flaccus, Suffect consul
 * 85
 * Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Consul
 * Gnaeus Papirius Carbo, Consul
 * 84
 * Gnaeus Papirius Carbo, Consul
 * Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Consul
 * 83
 * Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus, Consul
 * Gaius Norbanus, Consul
 * 82
 * Gaius Marius the Younger, Consul
 * Gnaeus Papirius Carbo, Consul
 * 81
 * Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Dictator (82–79 BC)
 * Marcus Tullius Decula, Consul
 * Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella, Consul
 * 80
 * Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Consul
 * Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius, Consul
 * 79
 * Publius Servilius Vatia Isauricus, Consul
 * Appius Claudius Pulcher, Consul
 * 78
 * Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, Consul
 * Quintus Lutatius Catulus, Consul
 * 77
 * Decimus Junius Brutus, Consul
 * Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus, Consul
 * 76
 * Gnaeus Octavius, Consul
 * Gaius Scribonius Curio, Consul
 * 75
 * Lucius Octavius, Consul
 * Gaius Aurelius Cotta, Consul
 * 74
 * Lucullus, Consul
 * Marcus Aurelius Cotta, Consul
 * 73
 * Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus, Consul
 * Gaius Cassius Longinus, Consul
 * 72
 * Lucius Gellius Publicola, Consul
 * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus, Consul
 * 71
 * Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura, Consul
 * Gnaeus Aufidius Orestes, Consul
 * 70
 * Pompey, Consul
 * Marcus Licinius Crassus, Consul
 * 69
 * Quintus Hortensius, Consul
 * Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus, Consul
 * 68
 * Lucius Caecilius Metellus, Consul
 * Quintus Marcius Rex, Consul
 * 67
 * Gaius Calpurnius Piso, Consul
 * Manius Acilius Glabrio, Consul
 * 66
 * Manius Aemilius Lepidus, Consul
 * Lucius Volcatius Tullus, Consul
 * 65
 * Lucius Aurelius Cotta, Consul
 * Lucius Manlius Torquatus, Consul
 * 64
 * Lucius Julius Caesar, Consul
 * Gaius Marcius Figulus, Consul
 * 63
 * Marcus Tullius Cicero, Consul
 * Gaius Antonius Hybrida, Consul
 * 62
 * Decimus Junius Silanus, Consul
 * Lucius Licinius Murena, Consul
 * 61
 * Marcus Pupius Piso Frugi Calpurnianus, Consul
 * Marcus Valerius Messalla Niger, Consul
 * 60
 * Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer, Consul
 * Lucius Afranius, Consul
 * 59
 * Julius Caesar, Consul
 * Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, Consul
 * 58
 * Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus, Consul
 * Aulus Gabinius, Consul
 * 57
 * Publius Cornelius Lentulus Spinther, Consul
 * Quintus Caecilius Metellus Nepos, Consul
 * 56
 * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus, Consul
 * Lucius Marcius Philippus, Consul
 * 55
 * Pompey, Consul
 * Marcus Licinius Crassus, Consul
 * 54
 * Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, Consul
 * Appius Claudius Pulcher, Consul
 * 53
 * Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus, Consul
 * Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus, Consul
 * 52
 * Pompey, Consul
 * Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica, Consul
 * 51
 * Servius Sulpicius Rufus, Consul
 * Marcus Claudius Marcellus, Consul
 * 50
 * Lucius Aemilius Paullus, Consul
 * Gaius Claudius Marcellus, Consul
 * 49
 * Gaius Claudius Marcellus, Consul
 * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus, Consul
 * Julius Caesar, Dictator (49–44 BC)
 * Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, Triumvir of the Africa Province (43–36 BC)
 * Mark Antony, Triumvir of the East (43–27 BC)
 * Augustus/ Octavian, Triumvir of the West (43–27 BC)


 * Roman Empire: Principate (complete list) –
 * Augustus/ Octavian, Principate, Emperor (27 BC–14 AD)

Eurasia: Caucasus

 * Armenia (complete list) –
 * Artaxiad Dynasty
 * Artavasdes I, King (123–95 BC)
 * Tigranes II, the Great, King (95–55 BC)
 * Artavasdes II, King (55–34 BC)
 * Artaxias II, King (33–20 BC)
 * Tigranes III, King (20–10 BC)
 * Tigranes IV, King, co-monarch (10–2 BC)
 * Erato, Queen, co-monarch (10–2 BC)
 * non-dynastic
 * Ariobarzanes, client King under Rome (2 BC–4)


 * Iberia (Kartli) (complete list) –
 * Pharnajom, King (109–90 BC)
 * Artaxias I, King (90–78 BC)
 * Artoces, King (78–63 BC)
 * Pharnavaz II, King (63–32 BC)
 * Mirian II, King (30–20 BC)
 * Arshak II, King (20 BC–1 AD)