List of state leaders in the 9th century


 * Lists of state leaders by century
 * • List of state leaders in the 7th century

• List of state leaders in the 8th century

• List of state leaders in the 10th century

• List of state leaders in the 11th century 
 * See also
 * List of political entities in the 9th century

This is a list of state leaders in the 9th century (801–900) AD.

Africa: Northeast

 * Makuria (complete list) –
 * Mikhael, King (c.785/794–804/813)
 * Ioannes, King (early–mid 9th century)
 * Zakharias III, King (mid 9th century)
 * Georgios I, King (late 9th–early 10th century)

Africa: Northcentral

 * Rustamid dynasty (complete list) –
 * ʿAbdu l-Wahhab ibn Abd ar-Rahman, Imam (788–824)
 * Aflah ibn ʿAbdi l-Wahhab, Imam (824–872)
 * Abu Bakr ibn Aflah, Imam (872–874)
 * Muhammad Abu l-Yaqzan ibn Aflah, Imam (874–894)
 * Yusuf Abu Hatim ibn Muhammad Abi l-Yaqzan, Imam (894–895, 899–906)
 * Yaʿqub ibn Aflah, Imam (895–899)


 * Aghlabid Emirs
 * Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab ibn Salim (800–812)
 * Abdallah I ibn Ibrahim (812–817)
 * Ziyadat Allah I ibn Ibrahim(817–838)
 * al-Aghlab Abu Iqal ibn Ibrahim (838–841)
 * Muhammad I ibn al-Aghlab Abi Affan (841–856)
 * Ahmad ibn Muhammad (856–863)
 * Ziyadat Allah II ibn Muhammad (863)
 * Abu 'l-Gharaniq Muhammad II ibn Ahmad (863–875)
 * Abu Ishaq Ibrahim II ibn Ahmad (875–902)

Africa: Northwest

 * Barghawata (complete list) –
 * Ilyâs ibn Sâlih, King (792–842)
 * Yunus ibn Ilyas, King (c.842–888)
 * Abu Ghafir Muhammad, King (c.888–917)


 * Idrisid dynasty of Morocco (complete list) –
 * Idris II, Emir (791–828)
 * Muhammad ibn Idris, Emir (828–836)
 * Ali ibn Idris, Emir (836–849)
 * Yahya ibn Muhammad, Emir (849–863)
 * Yahya ibn Yahya, Emir (863–866)
 * Ali ibn Umar, Emir (866–unknown)
 * Yahya ibn al-Qasim, Emir (unknown–905)


 * Emirate of Nekor (complete list) –
 * Sa'id I ibn Idris, Emir (760–803)
 * Salih II ibn Sa'id, Emir (803–864)
 * Sa'id II ibn Salih, Emir (864–916)

Americas: Mesoamerica
Maya civilization


 * Calakmul (complete list) –
 * Chan Pet, King (c. 849)


 * Copán (complete list) –
 * Yax Pasaj Chan Yopaat, King (763–post-810)
 * Ukit Took, King (822–?)


 * Palenque (complete list) –
 * Janaab Pakal III, Ajaw (799–?)


 * Tikal (complete list) –
 * Nuun Ujol K'inich, Ajaw (c.800)
 * Dark Sun, Ajaw (c.810)
 * Jewel K'awiil, Ajaw (c.849)
 * Jasaw Chan K'awiil II, Ajaw (c.869)

Asia: Central
Tibet


 * Tibetan Empire (complete list) –
 * Sadnalegs, Emperor (c.800/04–c.815)
 * Ralpacan, Emperor (815–836)
 * Langdarma, Emperor (836–842)

Uzbekistan


 * Samanid Empire (complete list) –
 * Nuh ibn Asad, Amir (819–841)
 * Yahya ibn Asad, Amir (819–855)
 * Ahmad ibn Asad, Amir (819–864)
 * Ilyas ibn Asad, Amir (819–856)
 * Ibrahim ibn Ilyas, Amir (856–867)
 * Nasr I, Amir (864–892)
 * Isma'il ibn Ahmad, Amir (892–907)

Asia: East
Turks


 * Uyghur Khaganate (complete list) –
 * Ai tengride ülüg bulmïsh alp qutlugh ulugh bilge, Khagan (795–808)
 * Ai tengride qut bulmïsh külüg bilge, Khagan (808–821)
 * Kün tengride ülüg bulmïsh alp küchlüg bilge, Khagan (821–824)
 * Ai tengride qut bulmïsh alp bilge, Khagan (824–832)
 * Ai tengride qut bulmïsh alp külüg bilge, Khagan (832–839)
 * Kürebir, Khagan (839–840)
 * Öge, Khagan (841–847)

China


 * Tang dynasty (complete list) –
 * Dezong, Emperor (780–805)
 * Shunzong, Emperor (805)
 * Xianzong, Emperor (806–820)
 * Muzong, Emperor (821–824)
 * Jingzong, Emperor (824–826)
 * Wenzong, Emperor (826–840)
 * Wuzong, Emperor (840–846)
 * Xuānzong, Emperor (846–859)
 * Yizong, Emperor (859–873)
 * Xizong, Emperor (873–888)
 * Zhaozong, Emperor (888–904)

Japan


 * Heian period Japan (complete list) –
 * Kanmu, Emperor (781–806)
 * Heizei, Emperor (806–809)
 * Saga, Emperor (809–823)
 * Junna, Emperor (823–833)
 * Ninmyō, Emperor (833–850)
 * Montoku, Emperor (850–858)
 * Seiwa, Emperor (858–876)
 * Yōzei, Emperor (876–884)
 * Kōkō, Emperor (884–887)
 * Uda, Emperor (887–897)
 * Daigo, Emperor (897–930)

Korea: North–South States Period


 * Balhae (complete list) –
 * Gang, King (794–809)
 * Jeong, King (809–812)
 * Hui, King (812–817)
 * Gan, King (817–818)
 * Seon, King (818–830)
 * Dae Ijin, King (830–857)
 * Dae Geonhwang, King (857–871)
 * Dae Hyeonseok, King (871–894)
 * Dae Wihae, King (894–906)


 * Later Silla (complete list) –
 * Aejang, King (800–809)
 * Heondeok, King (809–826)
 * Heungdeok, King (826–836)
 * Huigang, King (836–838)
 * Minae, King (838–839)
 * Sinmu, King (839)
 * Munseong, King (839–857)
 * Heonan, King (857–861)
 * Gyeongmun, King (861–875)
 * Heongang, King (875–886)
 * Jeonggang, King (886–887)
 * Jinseong, King (887–897)
 * Hyogong, King (897–912)

Asia: Southeast
Indonesia: Java


 * Mataram Kingdom: Shailendra dynasty/Sanjaya dynasty (complete list) –
 * Samaragrawira, King (800—819)
 * Samaratungga, King (812—833)
 * Pramodhawardhani, Queen (833—856)
 * Rakai Pikatan, King (838—850)
 * Balaputra, King (835–860)
 * Balitung, King (899–911)


 * Sunda Kingdom (complete list) –
 * Pucukbumi Darmeswara, Maharaja (795–819)
 * Prabu Gajah Kulon Rakeyan Wuwus, Maharaja (819–891)
 * Prabu Darmaraksa, Maharaja (891–895)
 * Windusakti Prabu Dewageng, Maharaja (895–913)

Malaysia: Peninsular


 * Kedah Sultanate (complete list) –
 * Maha Jiwa, Maharaja (c.788–832)
 * Karma II, Maharaja (c.832–880)
 * Darma Raja II, Maharaja (c.880–956)

Thailand


 * Ngoenyang (complete list) –
 * Lao Gab, King (8th–9th century)

Vietnam


 * Champa (complete list) –
 * Indravarman I, King (c.787–c.803)

Asia: South
Afghanistan


 * Ghurid dynasty (complete list) –
 * Amir Suri, Malik (9th–10th century)


 * Turk Shahi (complete list) –
 * Pati Dumi, King (?–815)
 * Lagaturman, King (815–c.850)

Bengal and Northeast India


 * Chavda dynasty (complete list) –
 * Vanaraja Chavda, King (c.765–780)
 * Yogaraja, King (c.806–841)
 * Ratnaditya, King (c.842–845)
 * Vairisimha, King (c.845–856)
 * Kshemaraja, King (c.856–880)
 * Chamunda or Bhuyada, King (c.881–908)


 * Kamarupa: Mlechchha dynasty (complete list) –
 * Salambha, King (795–815)
 * Harjjaravarman, King (815–832)
 * Vanamalavarman, King (832–855)
 * Jayamala, King (855–860)
 * Balavarman III, King (860–880)
 * Tyagasimha, King (890–900)


 * Mallabhum (complete list) –
 * Kharga Malla, King (841–862)


 * Pala Empire (complete list) –
 * Dharmapala, King (8th–9th century)
 * Devapala, King (9th century)
 * Mahendrapala, King (9th century)
 * Shurapala I, King (9th century)
 * Vigrahapala I, King (9th century)
 * Narayanapala, King (9th–10th century)

India


 * Chahamanas of Shakambhari (complete list) –
 * Govindaraja I, King (c.809–836)
 * Chandraraja II, King (c.836–863)
 * Govindaraja II, King (c.863–890)
 * Chandanaraja, King (c.890–917)


 * Chandelas of Jejakabhukti (complete list) –
 * Nannuka, King (c.831–845)
 * Vakpati, King (c.845–865)
 * Jayashakti (Jayaśakti) and Vijayashakti, King (c.865–885)
 * Rahila, King (c.885–905)


 * Eastern Chalukyas (complete list) –
 * Vishnuvardhana IV, King (772–808)
 * Vijayaditya II, King (808–847)
 * Kali Vishnuvardhana V, King (847–849)
 * Vijayaditya III, King (849–892)
 * Chalukya Bhima I, King (892–921)


 * Chera/Perumals of Makotai (complete list) –
 * Rama Rajasekhara, King (c.800–844)
 * Sthanu Ravi Varma, King (c.844–883)
 * Goda Ravi, King (c.883–913)


 * Chola dynasty (complete list) –
 * Vijayalaya Chola, King (c.850–870)
 * Aditya I, King (870–907)


 * Eastern Ganga dynasty (complete list) –
 * Anantavarman III, King (c.808–812)
 * Rajendravarman II, King (c.812–840)
 * Devendravarman IV, King (893–?)
 * Devendravarman V, King (c.885–895)
 * Gunamaharnava I, King (c.895–939)
 * Vajrahasta II (or Anangabhimadeva I), King (c.895–939)


 * Western Ganga dynasty (complete list) –
 * Shivamara II, King (788–816)
 * Rachamalla I, King (816–843)
 * Ereganga Neetimarga, King (843–870)
 * Rachamalla II, King (870–907)


 * Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty (complete list) –
 * Nagabhata II, King (800–833)
 * Ramabhadra, King (833–836)
 * Mihira Bhoja, King (836–885)
 * Mahendrapala I, King (885–910)


 * Kalachuris of Tripuri (complete list) –
 * Lakshmanaraja I, King (825–850)
 * Kokalla I, King (850–890)
 * Shankaragana II, King (890–910)


 * Kumaon Kingdom: Katyuri (complete list) –
 * Basantana Dev, King (850–870)
 * Kharpar Dev, King (870–880)
 * Abhiraj Dev, King (880–890)
 * Tribhuvanraj Dev, King (890–900)
 * Nimbarta Dev, King (900–915)


 * Pandyan dynasty (complete list) –
 * Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan, King (765–815)
 * Varagunan I, King (800–830)
 * Srimara Srivallabha, King (815–862)
 * Varagunavarman II, King (862–880)
 * Parantaka Viranarayana, King (880–900)
 * Maravarman Rajasimha II, King (900–920)


 * Paramara dynasty of Malwa (complete list) –
 * The Pallava dynasty has two chronologies of rulers.
 * Dantivarman, King (late 8th–early 9th century)


 * Nandivarman III, King (mid 9th century)
 * Nirupathungan, King (late 9th century, only in Aiyangar chronology)
 * Aparajitavarman, King (882/879–897)
 * The Pallava dynasty has two chronologies of rulers.
 * Upendra, King (c.800–c.818)
 * Vairisimha I, King (9th century)
 * Siyaka I, King (9th century)
 * Vakpati I, King (9th–10th century)


 * Rashtrakuta dynasty –
 * Govinda III, King (793–814)
 * Amoghavarsha, King (814–878)
 * Krishna II, King (878–914)


 * Sisodia (complete list) –
 * Bhathabhatt, Rajput (790–813)
 * Rawal singh, Rajput (813–820)
 * Khumman II, Rajput (820–853)
 * Mahayak, Rajput (853–878)

Sri Lanka


 * Anuradhapura Kingdom, Sri Lanka (complete list) –
 * Mahinda II, King (787–807)
 * Dappula II, King (807–812)
 * Mahinda III, King (812–816)
 * Aggabodhi VIII, King (816–827)
 * Dappula III, King (827–843)
 * Aggabodhi IX, King (843–846)
 * Sena I, King (846–866)
 * Sena II, King (866–901)

Asia: West
Mesopotamia


 * Abbasid Caliphate, Baghdad (complete list) –
 * Harun al-Rashid, Caliph (786–809)
 * al-Amin, Caliph (809–813)
 * al-Ma'mun, Caliph (813–833)
 * al-Mu'tasim, Caliph (833–842)
 * al-Wathiq, Caliph (842–847)
 * al-Mutawakkil, Caliph (847–861)
 * al-Muntasir, Caliph (861–862)
 * al-Musta'in, Caliph (862–866)
 * al-Mu'tazz, Caliph (866–869)
 * al-Muhtadi, Caliph (869–870)
 * al-Mu'tamid, Caliph (870–892)
 * al-Mu'tadid, Caliph (892–902)

Persia


 * Saffarid dynasty (complete list) –
 * Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, Amir (861–879)
 * Amr ibn al-Layth, Amir (879–901)


 * Samanid Empire (complete list) –
 * Nuh ibn Asad, Amir (819–841)
 * Yahya ibn Asad, Amir (819–855)
 * Ahmad ibn Asad, Amir (819–864)
 * Ilyas ibn Asad, Amir (819–856)
 * Ibrahim ibn Ilyas, Amir (856–867)
 * Nasr I, Amir (864–892)
 * Isma'il ibn Ahmad, Amir (892–907)

Yemen


 * Yemeni Zaidi State (complete list) –
 * Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Imam (783–818)
 * Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Caliph (815-818)
 * al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya, Imam (897–911)

Europe: Balkans

 * First Bulgarian Empire (complete list) –
 * Kardam, Khan (777–803)
 * Krum, Khan (803–814)
 * Omurtag, Khan (814–831)
 * Malamir, Khan (831–836)
 * Presian I, Khan (836–852)
 * Boris I, Knyaz (852–889)
 * Vladimir, Knyaz (889–893)
 * Simeon I, Emperor (893–927)


 * Byzantine Empire (complete list) –
 * Irene, Regent (780–790, 792–797), Empress (797–802)
 * Nikephoros I, Emperor (802–811)
 * Staurakios, Co-Emperor (802–811), Emperor (811)
 * Michael I Rangabe, Emperor (811–813)
 * Theophylact, Co-Emperor (811–813)
 * Leo V the Armenian, Emperor (813–820)
 * Constantine (Symbatios), Junior Emperor (813–820)
 * Michael II the Amorian, Emperor (820–829)
 * Theophilos, Emperor (829–842)


 * Michael III, Emperor (842–867)
 * Basil I the Macedonian, Emperor (867–886)
 * Leo VI the Wise, Co-Emperor (870–886), Emperor (886–912)


 * Emirate of Crete (complete list) –
 * Abu Hafs Umar al-Iqritishi, Emir (827/828–c.855)
 * Shu'ayb ibn Umar, Emir (c.855–880)
 * Abu Abdallah Umar ibn Shu'ayb, Emir (c.880–895)
 * Muhammad ibn Shu'ayb al-Zarkun, Emir (c.895–910)


 * Duchy of Croatia (complete list) –
 * Višeslav, Duke (c.785–c.802)
 * Borna, Duke (c.810–821)
 * Vladislav, Duke (821–c.823)
 * Ljudemisl, Duke (c.823–c.835)
 * Mislav, Duke (c.835–c.845)
 * Trpimir I, Duke (845–864)
 * Domagoj, Duke (864–876)
 * Iljko, Duke (876–878)
 * Zdeslav, Duke (878–879)
 * Muncimir, Duke (892–910)


 * Principality of Serbia (complete list) –
 * Višeslav, King (814–822)
 * Radoslav, Prince (814–822)
 * Prosigoj, Prince (?–c.830)
 * Vlastimir, Prince (c.830–851)
 * Mutimir, Prince (c.850–891)
 * Pribislav, Prince (891–892)
 * Petar, Prince (892–917)

Europe: British Isles
Great Britain: Scotland


 * Dál Riata (complete list) –
 * Caustantín mac Fergusa, King (unknown)
 * Conall mac Taidg, King (c.805–807)
 * Conall mac Áedáin, King (c.807–811)
 * Domnall mac Caustantín, King (c.811–835)
 * Óengus II, King (unknown)
 * Eóganán mac Óengusa, King (unknown)
 * Áed mac Boanta, King (c.835–839)
 * Alpín mac Echdach, King (unknown)
 * Cináed mac Ailpín, King (unknown)


 * Picts (complete list) –
 * Constantine (I), King (789–820)
 * Óengus II, King (820–834)
 * Drest IX, King (834–837)
 * Eóganan, King (837–839)
 * Uurad, competitor King (839–842)
 * Bridei VI, competitor King (842–843)
 * Ciniod II, competitor King (843)
 * Bridei VII, competitor King (843–845)
 * Drest X, competitor King (845–848)


 * The Picts, traditionally The Scots (complete list) –
 * Kenneth MacAlpin, King (843–858)
 * Domnall mac Ailpí, or Donald I, King (858–862)
 * Causantín mac Cináeda, or Constantine I (II), King (862–877)
 * Áed mac Cináeda, King (877–878)
 * Giric, King (878–889)
 * Eochaid, disputed King (c.878–889)
 * Donald II, King (889–900)
 * Constantine II (III), King (900–943)


 * Kingdom of Strathclyde / Alt Clut (complete list) –
 * Cynan, King (798–816)
 * Dumnagual IV, King (816–?)
 * Constantine, King (? 859)
 * Neithon, King (859–?)
 * Artgal, King (?–872)
 * Run, King (872–878)
 * Eochaid, King (uncertain)
 * Donald I, King (889–900)
 * Donald II, King (889–900)
 * Constantine II (III), King (900–943)


 * Lochlann –
 * Gofraid of Lochlann, King (pre-872–873)


 * Isle of Man (complete list) –
 * Gwriad, King (?–825)
 * Merfyn Frych, King (825–836)


 * Kingdom of the Isles (complete list) –
 * Ketill Flatnose, King (9th century)

Great Britain: Northumbria


 * Kingdom of Northumbria (complete list) –
 * Eardwulf, King (796–806/808)
 * Ælfwald II, King (806/808–808/810)
 * Eanred, King (810–841)
 * Æthelred II, King (840/841–844, 858–862)
 * Redwulf, King (844)
 * Osberht, King (844–848/849, 867)
 * Ælla II, King (862/863–867)


 * Norse era Northumbria / Scandinavian York (complete list) –
 * Ecgberht, King (867–872)
 * Ricsige, King (872–876)
 * Halfdan Ragnarsson, King (876–877)
 * Interregnum
 * Guthfrith I, King (c.883–895)
 * Siefredus, King (c.895–900)
 * Cnut, King (c.900–905)

Great Britain: England


 * The Britons (complete list) –
 * Cynan Dindaethwy, King (798–816)
 * Merfyn Frych, King (825–844)
 * Rhodri ap Merfyn, King (844–878)
 * Anarawd ap Rhodri, King (878–916)


 * Kingdom of East Anglia (complete list) –
 * Cœnwulf, King (?–821), also King of Kent and of Mercia
 * Ceolwulf, King (821–823), also King of Kent and of Mercia
 * Beornwulf, King (823–826), also King of Mercia
 * Æthelstan, King post-827–840s)
 * Æthelweard, King (840s–854)
 * Edmund the Martyr, King (855–869)
 * Oswald, Sub-King (870s)
 * Æthelred II, Sub-King (870s)
 * Guthrum, King (879–890)
 * Eohric, King (890–902)


 * Kingdom of Essex (complete list) –
 * Sigered
 * King (798–812)
 * Duke (812–825)


 * Kingdom of Kent (complete list) –
 * Cuthred, King (797/798–807)
 * Coenwulf, King (fl. 809)
 * Ceolwulf I, King (fl. 822–823)
 * Baldred, King (?–825)
 * Egbert, King (825–839)
 * Æthelwulf, King (825–858)
 * Æthelstan, King (fl. 839–851)
 * Æthelberht, King (fl. 855–866)
 * Æthelred, King (866–871)


 * Mercia (complete list –
 * Coenwulf, King (796–821), also King of Kent and of East Anglia
 * Ceolwulf I, King (821–823), also King of Kent and of East Anglia
 * Beornwulf, King (823–826), also King of East Anglia
 * Ludeca, King (826–827)
 * Wiglaf, King (827–829, 830–839)
 * Ecgberht, King (829–830)
 * Wigmund, King (c.840)
 * Ælfflæd, Regent (c.840)
 * Beorhtwulf, King (840–852)
 * Burgred, King (852–874)
 * Ceolwulf II, King (874–c.879)
 * Æthelred II, Lord (c.881–911)


 * Kingdom of Wessex (complete list) –
 * Beorhtric, King (786–802)
 * Egbert, King (802–839)
 * Æthelwulf, King (839–858)
 * Æthelbald, King (858–860)
 * Æthelberht, King (860–865)
 * Æthelred, King (865–871)
 * Alfred the Great, King (871–899)
 * Edward the Elder, King (899–924)

Great Britain: Wales


 * Glywysing (complete list) –
 * Arthfael Hen ap Rhys, King (785–c.825)
 * Rhys ap Arthfael, King (c.830–c.840)
 * Hywel ap Rhys, King (c.840–886)
 * Owain ap Hywel, King (886–c.930)


 * Gwent (complete list) –
 * Athrwys ap Ffernfael, King (774–810)
 * Idwallon ap Gwrgant, King (810–842)
 * Ithel ap Hywel, King (842–848)
 * Meurig ap Hywel, King (848–849)
 * Meurig ap Arthfael Hen, King (849–874)
 * Ffernfael ap Meurig, King (874–880)
 * Brochfael ap Meurig, King (880–920)


 * Kingdom of Gwynedd (complete list) –
 * Cynan Dindaethwy ap Rhodri, King (c.798–816)
 * Hywel ap Rhodri Molwynog, King (814–825)
 * Merfyn Frych, King (825–844)
 * Rhodri the Great, King (844–878)
 * Anarawd ap Rhodri, King (878–916)


 * Seisyllwg –
 * Meurig ap Dyfnwal, King (770–807)
 * Gwgon ap Meurig, King (808–872)
 * Cadell ap Rhodri, King (872–909)


 * Kingdom of Powys (complete list) –
 * Cadell ap Brochfael, King (773–808)
 * Cyngen ap Cadell, King (808–854)
 * Rhodri Mawr, King (854–878)
 * Merfyn ap Rhodri, King (878–900)
 * Llywelyn ap Merfyn, King (900–942)

Ireland


 * Ireland (complete list) –
 * Áed Oirdnide, High King (793–817)
 * Conchobar mac Donnchada, High King (819–833)
 * Fedelmid mac Crimthainn, High King (836–841)
 * Niall Caille, High King (832–846)
 * Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid, High King (846–860)
 * Áed Findliath, High King (861–876)
 * Flann Sinna, High King (877–914)


 * Kingdom of Ailech (complete list) –
 * Áed Oirdnide mac Néill, King (788–819)
 * Murchad mac Máele Dúin, King (819–823)
 * Niall Caille mac Áeda, King (823–846)
 * Máel Dúin mac Áeda, King (846–?)
 * Áed Findliath mac Néill, King (c.855–879)
 * Murchad mac Máele Dúin, King (879–887)
 * Flaithbertach mac Murchado, King (887–896)
 * Domnall mac Áeda, King (887–915)
 * Niall Glúndub mac Áeda, King (896–919)


 * Airgíalla (complete list) –
 * Cu Masach mac Cathal, King (?–825)
 * Gofraidh mac Fearghus, King (fl.835)
 * Foghartaigh mac Mael Breasal, King (?–850/852)
 * Congalach mac Finnachta, King (?–874)
 * Mael Padraig mac Mael Curarada, King (?–882)
 * Maol Craoibh ua Duibh Sionach, King (?–917)


 * Kingdom of Breifne (complete list) –
 * Muircheartach mac Donnghal, King (c.800–806)
 * Mael Dúin mac Échtgal, King (?–822)
 * Ceallach son of Cearnach, King (?)
 * Tighearnán mac Seallachan, King (c.888)
 * Ruarc mac Tighearnáin, Lord (c.893)


 * Connachta (complete list) –
 * Muirgius mac Tommaltaig, King (796–815)
 * Diarmait mac Tommaltaig, King (815–833)
 * Cathal mac Muirgiussa, King (833–839)
 * Murchad mac Áedo, King (839–840)
 * Fergus mac Fothaid, King (840–843)
 * Conchobar mac Taidg Mór, King (872–882)
 * Áed mac Conchobair, King (882–888)
 * Tadg mac Conchobair, King (888–900)
 * Cathal mac Conchobair, King (900–925)


 * Kingdom of Dublin (complete list) –
 * Amlaíb Conung, King (c.853–871)
 * Ímar, King (c.857–873)
 * Auisle, King (c.863–867)
 * Oistin mac Amlaíb, possibly king (873–875)
 * Halfdan Ragnarsson, disputed king (875–877)
 * Bárid mac Ímair, King (873–881)
 * Sichfrith mac Ímair, King (?–888)
 * Sitriuc mac Ímair, King (?–896)
 * Sichfrith Jarl, disputed king (893–?)
 * Glúniarann, King (c.895)
 * Ímar ua Ímair, King (?–904)


 * Leinster (complete list) –
 * Fínsnechta Cethardec, King (795–808)
 * Muiredach mac Brain (died 818), King (808–818)
 * Muiredach mac Ruadrach, King (818–829)
 * Cellach mac Brain, King (829–834)
 * Bran mac Fáeláin, King (834–838)
 * Túathal mac Máele-Brigte, King (851–854)
 * Ruarc mac Brain, King (854–862)
 * Muirecán mac Diarmata, King (862–863)
 * Dúnlaing mac Muiredaig, King (863–869)
 * Ailill mac Dúnlainge (died 871), King (869–871)
 * Domnall mac Muirecáin, King (871–884)
 * Muiredach mac Brain, King (884–885)
 * Cerball mac Muirecáin, King (885–909)


 * Kingdom of Meath (complete list) –
 * Muiredach mac Domnaill Midi, King (799–802)
 * Diarmait mac Donnchado, King (802–803)
 * Conchobar mac Donnchado, King (803–833)
 * Niall mac Diarmato, King (?–826)
 * Máel Ruanaid mac Donnchada Midi, King (833–843)
 * Fland mac Maele Ruanaid, King (843–845)
 * Máel Sechnaill mac Maíl Ruanaid, King (845–862)
 * Lorcán mac Cathail, King (862–864)
 * Conchobar mac Donnchado, King (?–864)
 * Donnchad mac Aedacain, King (864–877)
 * Flann Sinna mac Maíl Sechnaill, King (877–916)


 * Uí Maine (complete list) –
 * Dub Dá Leithe mac Tomaltach, King (?–816)
 * Cathal mac Murchadh, King (794–816)
 * Cathal mac Ailell, King (834–844)
 * Mughroin mac Sochlachan, King (?–904)


 * Ulaid / Ulster (complete list) –
 * Eochaid mac Fiachnai, King (790–810)
 * Cairell mac Fiachnai, King (810–819)
 * Máel Bressail mac Ailillo, King (819–825)
 * Muiredach mac Eochada, King (825–839)
 * Matudán mac Muiredaig, King (839–857)
 * Lethlobar mac Loingsig, King (857–873)
 * Cathalán mac Indrechtaig, King (857–871)
 * Ainbíth mac Áedo, King (873–882)
 * Eochocán mac Áedo, King (882–883)
 * Airemón mac Áedo, King (882–886)
 * Fiachnae mac Ainbítha, King (886–886)
 * Bécc mac Airemóin, King (886–893)
 * Muiredach mac Eochocáin, King (893–895)
 * Máel Mocheirge mac Indrechtaig, King (893–896)
 * Aitíth mac Laigni, King (896–898)
 * Cenn Etig mac Lethlobair, King (896–900)
 * Áed mac Eochocáin, King (898–919)

Europe: Central

 * East Francia, later Kingdom of Germany (complete list) –
 * Louis the German, King (843–876)
 * Louis the Younger, King (880–882)
 * Charles the Fat, King (882–887)
 * Arnulf, King (887–899)
 * Louis the Child, King (899–911)


 * Duchy of Alsace (see also) –
 * Charles, Duke (829–831)
 * Hugh, Duke (867–885)


 * Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg (complete list) –
 * Adalbero, Prince-bishop (887–909)


 * Duchy of Bavaria (complete list) –
 * Louis II the German, King (817–843)
 * Carloman, King (876–880)
 * Louis III the Younger, King (880–882)
 * Charles the Fat, King (882–887)
 * Engeldeo, Margrave (890–895)
 * Luitpold, Margrave (895–907)


 * Bohemians –
 * Lech, Prince (?–805)


 * Duchy of Bohemia (complete list) –
 * Bořivoj I (c.867–c.889)
 * Spytihněv I (c.894–915)


 * March of Carinthia –
 * Gundachar, Margrave (858–863), Prefect (863–869)


 * Duchy of Franconia (complete list) –
 * Henry, Margrave (882–892)


 * County of Hainaut (complete list) –
 * Reginar I, Count (870–898, 908–915)
 * Sigard, Count (898–908)


 * County of Frisia / County of Holland (complete list) –
 * Gerolf, Count (880–896)
 * Dirk I, Count (896–931)


 * Lotharingia (complete list) –
 * Lothair II, King (855–869)
 * Charles the Bald, King (869–870)
 * Louis the Younger, King (880–882)
 * Charles the Fat, King (882–887)
 * Arnulf of Carinthia, King (887–895)
 * Zwentibold, King (895–900)
 * Louis the Child, King (900–911)


 * Magyar tribes (complete list) –
 * Álmos, Grand Prince (c.850–c.895)
 * Árpád, Grand Prince (c.895–c.907)


 * Prince-Bishopric of Mainz (complete list) –
 * Richholf, Prince-archbishop (787–813)
 * Adolf, Prince-archbishop (813–826)
 * Odgar, Prince-archbishop (826–847)
 * Rabanus Maurus, Prince-archbishop (848–856)
 * Karl, Prince-archbishop (856–863)
 * Ludbert, Prince-archbishop (863–889)
 * Sunderhold, Prince-archbishop (889–891)
 * Hatto I, Prince-archbishop (891–913)


 * Great Moravia (complete list) –
 * Mojmir I, Duke (c.830–846)
 * Rastislav, Duke (846–870)
 * Slavomir, Duke (871)
 * Svatopluk I, Duke (870–871, (871–pre-885), King (pre-885–894)
 * Mojmír II, Duke (894–906)


 * Margraviate of the Nordgau –
 * Ernest, Margrave (?–861)
 * Rodold, Margrave (861–c.880)
 * Engeldeo, Margrave (c.880–895)
 * Luitpold, Margrave (895–903)


 * Obotrites (complete list) –
 * Thrasco, Prince (?–c.800)
 * Slavomir, Prince (pre-810–819)
 * Ceadrag, Prince (819–post-826)
 * Selibur, Prince (9th century?)


 * Duchy of Saxony (complete list) –
 * Abo, Duke (fl.c.785–811)
 * Widukind, Duke (fl.c.777–810)
 * Liudolf I, Duke (850–864/866)
 * Bruno, Duke (864/866–880)
 * Otto I, Duke (880–912)


 * March of Pannonia (complete list) –
 * Radbod, Margrave/Prefect (833–854)
 * Carloman of Bavaria, Margrave/Prefect (856–?)
 * William, co-Margrave (?–871)
 * Engelschalk I, co-Margrave (?–871)
 * Aribo, Margrave (871–909)
 * Engelschalk II, Margrave in opposition (c.871–893)
 * Luitpold, Margrave (893–907)


 * Sorbs –
 * Miliduch, Duke (fl.790–806)
 * Tunglo, Duke (?–826)
 * Czimislav, King (fl.830–840)
 * Čestibor, King (c.840–859)
 * Slavibor, Prince (c.859–894)
 * Dragomir, Prince (894–?)


 * Prince-Bishopric of Speyer (complete list) –
 * Goddank, Prince-bishop (881–895/898)
 * Einhard, Prince-bishop (895/898–913)


 * Landgraviate of Sundgau –
 * Hugo, Graf, Count (866–869)
 * Liutfrid, Count (876–902)


 * Duchy of Thuringia (complete list) –
 * Thachulf, Duke (849–873)
 * Radulf II, Duke (874–880)
 * Poppo, Duke (880–892)
 * Egino, Duke (882–886)
 * Conrad, Duke (892–906)


 * Elector-Bishopric of Trier (complete list) –
 * Radbod, Prince-bishop (898–915)


 * Prince-Bishopric of Worms (complete list) –
 * Gunzo, Prince-bishop (859–872)
 * Adelhelm, Prince-bishop (873–890)
 * Dietlach, Prince-bishop (890–914)

Europe: East

 * Volga Bulgaria (complete list) –
 * Tuqyi, ruler (765–815)
 * Aidar, ruler (815–865)
 * Şilki, Iltäbär (865–882)
 * Batyr Mö'min, ruler (882–895)
 * Almış, Emir (895–925)


 * Khazar Khaganate (complete list) –
 * Ashina dynasty: Khazar Khagans
 * Khan-Tuvan, Khagan (c.825–830)
 * Tarkhan, Khagan (840s)
 * Zachariah, Khagan (c.861)
 * Bulanid dynasty
 * Obadiah, ruler (c.786–809)
 * Hezekiah, ruler (mid 9th-century)
 * Manasseh I, ruler (mid 9th-century)
 * Chanukkah, ruler (mid 9th-century)
 * Isaac, ruler (late 9th-century)
 * Zebulun, ruler (late 9th-century)
 * Manasseh II, ruler (late 9th-century)
 * Nisi ben Menasseh, ruler (late 9th-century)
 * Aaron I, ruler (c.900)


 * Slavs of Lower Pannonia –
 * Vojnomir, Duke (c.790–810)
 * Ljudevit (Lower Pannonia), Duke (c.810–823)
 * Ratimir, Duke (c.829–838)
 * Pribina, Prince (c.846–861)
 * Kocel, Prince (c.861–c.876)
 * Braslav, Duke (c.882–896)

Europe: Nordic

 * Kingdom of Norway (872–1397) (complete list) –
 * Harald Fairhair, King (c.872–930)


 * Kingdom of Sweden (complete list) –
 * Björn Ironside, King (early 9th century)
 * Erik Björnsson, King (early 9th century)
 * Erik Refilsson, King (early 9th century)
 * Anund Uppsale, King (early 9th century)
 * Björn at Hauge, King (c.829–831)
 * Olof I of Sweden, King (mid 9th century)
 * Erik Anundsson, King (mid 9th century)

Europe: Southcentral
Holy Roman Empire in Italy


 * Kingdom of Italy (complete list) –
 * Pepin, King (781–810)
 * Bernard, King (810–818)
 * Louis I, King (818–822)
 * Lothair I, King (822–855)
 * Louis II, King (844–875)
 * Charles II the Bald, King (875–877)
 * Carloman, King (877–879)
 * Charles III the Fat, King (879–887)
 * Integrum: Simultaneous claimants
 * Berengar I, King (888–896)
 * Guy of Spoleto, King (889–894)
 * Lambert of Spoleto, King (891–896)
 * Arnulf of Carinthia, King (894–899)
 * Ratold, sub-King (896)
 * Berengar I, King (896–924)
 * Lambert of Spoleto, King (896–898)
 * Louis III of Provence, King (900–905)


 * Principality of Benevento (complete list) –
 * Grimoald III, Prince (787–806)
 * Grimoald IV, Prince (806–817)
 * Sico I, Prince (817–832)
 * Sicard, Prince (832–839)
 * Radelchis I, Prince (839–851)
 * Radelgar, Prince (851–854)
 * Adelchis, Prince (854–878)
 * Waifer, Prince (878–881)
 * Radelchis II, Prince (881–884, 897–900)
 * Aiulf II, Prince (884–890)
 * Orso, Prince (890–891)
 * Guy, Prince (895–897)
 * Peter of Benevento, Regent (897)
 * Radelchis II, Prince (881–884, 897–900)
 * Atenulf I, Prince (900–910)


 * March of Istria –
 * John, Duke (c.804)


 * Papal States (complete list) –
 * Leo III, Pope (795–816)
 * Stephen IV, Pope (816–817)
 * Paschal I, Pope (817–824)
 * Eugene II, Pope (824–827)
 * Valentine, Pope (827)
 * Gregory IV, Pope (827–844)
 * Sergius II, Pope (844–847)
 * Leo IV, Pope (847–855)
 * Benedict III, Pope (855–858)
 * Nicholas I, Pope (858–867)
 * Adrian II, Pope (867–872)
 * John VIII, Pope (872–882)
 * Marinus I, Pope (882–884)
 * Adrian III, Pope (884–885)
 * Stephen V, Pope (885–891)
 * Formosus, Pope (891–896)
 * Boniface VI, Pope (896)
 * Stephen VI, Pope (896–897)
 * Romanus, Pope (897)
 * Theodore II, Pope (897)
 * John IX, Pope (898–900)
 * Benedict IV, Pope (900–903)


 * Duchy of Spoleto (complete list) –
 * Winiges, Duke (789–822)
 * Suppo I, Duke (822–824)
 * Adelard, Duke (824)
 * Mauring, Duke (824)
 * Adelchis I, Duke (824–834)
 * Lambert of Nantes, Duke (834–836)
 * Berengar, Duke (836–841)
 * Guy I, Duke (842–859)
 * Lambert I, Duke (859–871)
 * Suppo II, Duke (871–876)
 * Lambert I, Duke (876–880)
 * Guy II, Duke (880–883)
 * Guy III, Duke (883–894)
 * Lambert II, Duke (894–898)
 * Guy IV, Duke (895–898)
 * Alberic I, Duke (898–922)
 * Pietro I Candiano, Doge (887–888)
 * Pietro Tribuno, Doge (888–912)


 * March of Tuscany (complete list) –
 * Boniface I, Margrave (812–813)
 * Boniface II, Margrave (828–834)
 * Aganus, Margrave (835–845)
 * Adalbert I, Margrave (847–886)
 * Adalbert II the Rich, Margrave (886–915)


 * Republic of Venice (complete list) –
 * Giovanni Galbaio, Doge (787–804)
 * Obelerio Antenoreo, Doge (804–811)
 * Agnello Participazio, Doge (811–827)
 * Giustiniano Participazio, Doge (827–829)
 * Giovanni I Participazio, Doge (829–837)
 * Pietro Tradonico, Doge (837–864)
 * Orso I Participazio, Doge (864–881)
 * Giovanni II Participazio, Doge (881–887)
 * Pietro I Candiano, Doge (887–888)
 * Pietro Tribuno, Doge (888–912)

Europe: Southwest
Iberian Peninsula


 * Kingdom of Asturias (complete list) –
 * Alfonso II, King (791–842)
 * Nepotian, King (842)
 * Ramiro I, King (842–850)
 * Ordoño I, King (850–866)
 * Alfonso III, King (866–910)


 * Emirate of Córdoba (complete list) –
 * al-Hakam I, Emir (796–822)
 * Abd ar-Rahman II, Emir (822–852)
 * Muhammad I, Emir (852–886)
 * Al-Mundhir, Emir (886–888)
 * Abdallah ibn Muhammad, Emir (888–912)

Marca Hispanica


 * County of Osona (complete list) –
 * Borrell, Count (798–820)
 * Rampon, Count (820–825)
 * Bernard, Count (825–826)
 * Aisso, Count (826–827)
 * Guillemó, Count (826–827)


 * County of Cerdanya (complete list) –
 * Borrell, Count (798–820)
 * Aznar Galíndez, Count (820–824)
 * Galindo Aznárez, Count (824–834)
 * Sunifred I, Count (834–848)
 * Solomon, Count (848–869)
 * Wilfred I the Hairy, Count (869–897)
 * Miró II, Count (897–927)


 * County of Urgell (complete list) –
 * Borrell, Count (798–820)
 * Aznar I Galíndez, Count (820–824)
 * Galindo I Aznárez, Count (824–834)
 * Sunifred I, Count (834–848)
 * Solomon (or Miró), Count (848–870)
 * Wilfred the Hairy, Count (870–897)
 * Sunifred II, Count (898–948)

Europe: West
Franks


 * Frankish Empire (complete list) –
 * Charlemagne, King (768–814), Holy Roman Emperor (800–814)
 * Louis I the Pious, King and Holy Roman Emperor (813–840)

Middle Francia


 * Middle Francia –
 * Lothair I, King (843–855)


 * Upper Burgundy (complete list) –
 * Lothar II, King (855–869)
 * Rudolph I, King (888–912)


 * Lotharingia (complete list) –
 * Lothair II, King (855–869)
 * Charles the Bald, King (869–870)
 * Louis the Younger, King (880–882)
 * Charles the Fat, King (882–887)
 * Arnulf of Carinthia, King (887–895)
 * Zwentibold, King (895–900)
 * Louis the Child, King (900–911)

West Francia


 * West Francia (complete list) –
 * Charles II, called the Bald, 843–877
 * Aquitaine: Charles the Child, 855–866; Louis the Stammerer, 866–877
 * Neustria: Louis the Stammerer, 856–877
 * Louis II, called the Stammerer, 877–879
 * Louis III, 879–882, jointly with
 * Carloman II, 879–884
 * Charles the Fat, 884–888, Emperor 881
 * Odo,* 888–898
 * Aquitaine: Ranulf II, 888–889 (Ramnulfid, not Carolingian)
 * Charles the Simple, King (898–922)


 * Duchy of Aquitaine (complete list) –
 * William I (893–918)


 * County of Artois (complete list) –
 * Odalric, Count (c.850s)
 * Altmar, Count (c.890s)
 * Adelelm, Count (?–932)


 * Auvergne (complete list) –
 * Guerin of Provence, Count (819–839)
 * Gerard, Count of Auvergne, Count (839–841)
 * William I, Count (841–846)
 * Bernard I, Count (846–858)


 * County of Boulogne (complete list) –
 * Baldwin I, Count (896–918)


 * Duchy of Brittany (complete list) –
 * Alan I (876–907)


 * Duchy of Burgundy (complete list) –
 * Richard the Justiciar (898–921)


 * Duchy of Gascony (complete list) –
 * Gassia II (893–c.930)


 * County of Paris (complete list) –
 * Stephen, Count (778–811)
 * Beggo, Count (815–816)
 * Leuthard I of Paris, Count (816)
 * Gerard II, Count (816)
 * Leuthard II of Paris, Count (816–?)
 * Conrad, Count (858–859)
 * Adalard, Count (877)


 * County of Poitou (complete list) –
 * Renaud, Count (795–843)
 * Bernard I of Poitiers, Count (814–828)
 * Bernard II, Count (840–844)
 * Emenon, Count (828–839)
 * Ranulph I, Count (839–866)
 * Ranulph II, Count (866–890)
 * Robert I, Count (866–923)
 * Aymar, Count (892–902)
 * Ebalus, Count (890–893, 902–935)


 * Kingdom of Provence (complete list) –
 * Louis the Blind, King (887–928)


 * County of Toulouse (complete list) –
 * William of Gellone, Count (790–806)
 * Beggo, Count (806–816)
 * Berengar, Count (816–835)
 * Bernard of Septimania, Count (835–842)
 * Acfred, Count (842–843)
 * William of Septimania, Count (844–849)
 * Fredelon, Count (844–852)
 * Raymond I, Count (852–863)
 * Humfrid, Count (863–865)
 * Sunyer, Count (863–865)
 * Bernard II, Count (865–877)
 * Bernard III Plantapilosa, Count (877–886)
 * Odo, Count (886–918)
 * William II of Aquitaine, Count (858–862, 918–926)
 * Stephen, Count (862–863)
 * Bernard Plantapilosa, Count (864–886)
 * William I of Aquitaine, Count (886–918)

Eurasia: Caucasus

 * Kingdom of Abkhazia (complete list) –
 * Leon II, King (c.767–811)
 * Theodosius II, King (c.811–837)
 * Demetrius II, King (c.837–872)
 * George I, King (c.872–878)
 * Bagrat I, King (c.887–898)
 * Constantine III, King (c.898–916)


 * Arminiya (complete list) –
 * Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani, Emir (799–801)
 * Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (801–802)
 * Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (802–803)
 * Khuzayma ibn Khazim, Emir (803–?)
 * Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (c. 810)
 * Ishaq ibn Sulayman, Emir (c. 813)
 * Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (813–?)
 * Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (828–832)
 * Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (841)
 * Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (c. 842–844)
 * Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Shaybani, Emir (c. 842/844–?)
 * Abu Sa'id Muhammad al-Marwazi, Emir (849–851)
 * Yusuf ibn Abi Sa'id al-Marwazi, Emir (851–852)
 * Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Shaybani, Emir (857–862)
 * Ali ibn Yahya al-Armani, Emir (862–863)
 * Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, Emir (870–878)


 * Bagratid Armenia (complete list) –
 * Ashot I, King (884–890)
 * Smbat I, King (890–912)


 * Kingdom of Hereti (complete list) –
 * Sahl Smbatean, Prince (815–840)
 * Adarnase I, Prince (840–865)
 * Hama I, Prince (865–893)
 * Adarnase II, King (897–943)


 * Principality of Iberia (complete list) –
 * Ashot I, Prince (813–830)
 * Bagrat I, Prince (842/843–876)
 * David I, Prince (876–881)
 * Gurgen I, Prince (881–891)


 * Kingdom of the Iberians (complete list) –
 * Adarnase IV, King (888–923)


 * First Kingdom of Kakheti (complete list) –
 * Juansher, Prince (786–807)
 * Grigol, Prince (786–827)
 * Vache Kvabulidze, Prince (827–839)
 * Samuel, Donauri, Prince (839–861)
 * Gabriel, Donauri, Prince (861–881)
 * Padla I Arevmaneli, Prince (881–893)
 * Kvirike I, Prince (893–918)


 * Klarjeti (complete list) –
 * Sumbat I Mampali, King (870–889)
 * Bagrat I, King (889–900)
 * David I, King (900–943)

Oceania
Easter Island


 * Easter Island (complete list) –
 * Ouaraa, King (c.800)
 * Koroharua, King (?)
 * Mahuta Ariiki, King (?)
 * Atua Ure Rangi, King (?)
 * Atuamata, King (?)
 * Uremata, King (?)