List of women in mathematics

This is a list of women who have made noteworthy contributions to or achievements in mathematics. These include mathematical research, mathematics education, the history and philosophy of mathematics, public outreach, and mathematics contests.

A

 * Karen Aardal (born 1961), Norwegian and Dutch applied mathematician, theoretical computer scientist, and operations researcher
 * Hanan Mohamed Abdelrahman, Egyptian and Norwegian mathematics educator
 * Izabela Abramowicz (1889–1973), Polish mathematician and mathematics educator
 * Louise Doris Adams (1889–1965), British mathematics reformer, president of the Mathematical Association
 * Rachel Blodgett Adams (1894–1982), American mathematician, one of the earliest mathematics doctorates from Radcliffe College
 * Tatyana Afanasyeva (1876–1964), Russian-Dutch researcher in statistical mechanics, randomness, and geometry education
 * Amandine Aftalion (born 1973), French applied mathematician, studies superfluids and the mathematics of footracing
 * Maria Gaetana Agnesi (1718–1799), Italian mathematician and philosopher, possibly the first female mathematics professor
 * Ilka Agricola (born 1973), German expert on differential geometry and its applications in mathematical physics
 * Nkechi Agwu (born 1962), African American ethnomathematician
 * Dorit Aharonov (born 1970), Israeli specialist in quantum computing
 * Beatrice Aitchison (1908–1997), American topologist who became a transportation economist in the US civil service
 * Noreen Sher Akbar, Pakistani fluid dynamicist
 * Shabnam Akhtari, Iranian number theorist
 * Asuman Aksoy, Turkish-American functional analyst
 * Meike Akveld, Swiss knot theorist and mathematics educator
 * Fatiha Alabau (born 1961), French expert in control of partial differential equations, president of French applied mathematics society
 * Mara Alagic, Serbian mathematics educator, editor-in-chief of Journal of Mathematics and the Arts
 * Lara Alcock, British mathematics educator and author
 * Helen Popova Alderson (1924–1972), Russian and British mathematician and translator, wrote on quasigroups and reciprocity laws
 * Grace Alele-Williams (1932–2022), first woman to lead a Nigerian university
 * Aldona Aleškevičienė-Statulevičienė (1936–2017), Lithuanian probability theorist
 * Stephanie B. Alexander, American differential geometer
 * Florence Eliza Allen (1876–1960), second female and fourth overall mathematics PhD from the University of Wisconsin
 * Linda J. S. Allen, American mathematician and mathematical biologist
 * Elizabeth S. Allman (born 1965), American mathematical biologist
 * Ann S. Almgren, American applied mathematician who works on computational simulations of supernovae and white dwarfs
 * Melania Alvarez, Mexican-Canadian mathematics educator, organizer of summer mathematics camps for indigenous students
 * Yvette Amice (1936–1993), French expert on p-adic analysis who became president of the French mathematical society
 * Divsha Amirà (1899–1966), Israeli geometer and mathematics educator
 * T. A. Sarasvati Amma (1918–2000), Historian of ancient Indian mathematics
 * Astrid an Huef, New Zealand expert on functional analysis, president of New Zealand Mathematical Society
 * Nalini Anantharaman (born 1976), French mathematical physicist, winner of the Henri Poincaré Prize
 * Beverly Anderson (born 1943), American mathematician, director of minority programs for Mathematical Sciences Education Board
 * Kirsti Andersen (born 1941), Danish historian of mathematics
 * Cabiria Andreian Cazacu (1928–2018), Romanian complex analyst
 * Hajnal Andréka (born 1947), Hungarian researcher in algebraic logic
 * Annie Dale Biddle Andrews (1885–1940), algebraic geometer, first female PhD from the University of California, Berkeley
 * Grace Andrews (mathematician) (1869–1951), one of only two women listed in the first edition of American Men of Science
 * Lidia Angeleri Hügel (born 1960), Italian expert on tilting theory and silting theory
 * Guacolda Antoine Lazzerini (1908–2015), Chilean mathematician and mathematics educator
 * Kathleen Antonelli (1921–2006), Irish-American programmer of ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic digital computer
 * Paola Antonietti (born 1980), Italian numerical analyst, applies domain decomposition methods to geophysical simulation
 * Noriko H. Arai (born 1962), Japanese mathematical logician and artificial intelligence researcher
 * Crista Arangala, American numerical analyst, textbook author, and international educator
 * Carolina Araujo, Brazilian algebraic geometer
 * Gabriela Araujo-Pardo, Mexican graph theorist, president of Mexican Mathematical Society
 * Maria Angela Ardinghelli (1730–1825), Italian translator of Stephen Hales, mathematician, physicist and noble
 * Esther Arkin, Israeli-American researcher in operations research and computational geometry
 * Sandra Arlinghaus, founder of the Institute of Mathematical Geography
 * Beulah Armstrong (1895–1965), American mathematician, University of Illinois
 * Marie-Claude Arnaud, French expert in dynamical systems
 * Mary Nicholas Arnoldy (1893–1985), American nun and mathematician
 * Fuensanta Aroca, Spanish-Mexican tropical geometer
 * Elayne Arrington, American aerospace engineer, expert on Soviet aircraft
 * Sharon Arroyo, American operations researcher in aircraft manufacture
 * Michèle Artigue (born 1946), French expert in mathematics education
 * Natascha Artin Brunswick (1909–2003), German-American mathematician, photographer, and journal editor
 * Shiri Artstein (born 1978), Israeli mathematician specializing in convex geometry and asymptotic geometric analysis
 * Marcia Ascher (1935–2013), American ethnomathematician
 * Winifred Asprey (1917–2007), helped establish the first computer science lab at Vassar
 * Michèle Audin (born 1954), French researcher in symplectic geometry
 * Bonnie Averbach (1933–2019), American mathematics and actuarial educator and author
 * Tamara Awerbuch-Friedlander (died 2021), American biomathematician and public health scientist
 * Hertha Ayrton (1854–1923), English engineer, mathematician, physicist, and inventor, winner of the Hughes Medal

B

 * Ellen Baake (born 1961), German mathematical biologist
 * Wealthy Babcock (1895–1990), American mathematician, namesake of Kansas University mathematics library
 * Christine Bachoc (born 1964), French expert on coding theory and kissing numbers
 * Clara Latimer Bacon (1866–1948), first woman to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics from Johns Hopkins University
 * Jenny Baglivo (born 1948), American mathematician, statistician, and book author
 * Hajer Bahouri (born 1958), Franco-Tunisian mathematician interested in partial differential equations
 * Ann E. Bailie (born 1935), American mathematician and space scientist, discovered that the earth is pear-shaped
 * Frances Ellen Baker (1902–1995), American mathematician and number theorist
 * Kitty Baker (1912–2014), American mathematics educator, artist and weaver, and author
 * Rose Baker, British physicist, mathematician, and statistician
 * Ruth Baker, British mathematical biologist interested in pattern formation and morphogenesis
 * Rena Bakhshi (born 1981), Dutch complex network theorist
 * Viviane Baladi (born 1963), Swiss-French expert on dynamical systems
 * Jennifer Balakrishnan, American number theorist who solved the "cursed curve"
 * Deborah Loewenberg Ball, American mathematics education researcher
 * Cristina Ballantine, Romanian-born American algebraic combinatorist and number theorist
 * Catherine Bandle (born 1943), Swiss expert on differential equations and isoperimetric inequalities
 * Selenne Bañuelos (born 1985), Mexican-American mathematician and mathematical biologist
 * Hélène Barcelo (born 1954), mathematician from Québec, former editor-in-chief of Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A
 * Grace Marie Bareis (1875–1962), American group theorist, first mathematics Ph.D. at Ohio State, and founding member of the MAA
 * Nina Bari (1901–1961), Soviet mathematician known for her work on trigonometric series
 * Ruth Aaronson Bari (1917–2005), American mathematician known for her work in graph theory and homomorphisms
 * Mildred Barnard (1908–2000), Australian biometrician, mathematician and statistician
 * Janet Barnett, American mathematician known for integrating the history of mathematics into her teaching
 * Ida Barney (1886–1982), American mathematics professor and astronomer
 * Charlotte Barnum (1860–1934), mathematician and social activist, first female mathematics PhD from Yale
 * Margaret Baron (1915–1996), British mathematics educator and historian of mathematics
 * Lida Barrett (1927–2021), second female president of the MAA
 * June Barrow-Green (born 1953), British historian of mathematics
 * Jean Bartik (1924–2011), one of the original programmers for the ENIAC computer
 * Estelle Basor (born 1947), American mathematician interested in operator theory and the theory of random matrices
 * Marjorie Batchelor, American mathematician known for Batchelor's theorem on supermanifolds
 * Grace Bates (1914–1996), one of few women in the United States to be granted a PhD in mathematics in the 1940s
 * Lynn Batten (born 1948), Canadian immigrant to Australia, researcher in finite geometries and cryptography
 * Helga Baum (born 1954), German differential geometer
 * Patricia E. Bauman, studies the mathematics of liquid crystals and superconductors
 * Karin Baur, Swiss combinatorial representation theorist
 * Agnes Sime Baxter (1870–1917), second Canadian and fourth North American woman to earn a mathematics PhD
 * Margaret Bayer, American mathematician working in polyhedral combinatorics
 * Pilar Bayer (born 1946), Spanish number theorist
 * Eva Bayer-Fluckiger (born 1951), Hungarian-Swiss mathematician, proved Serre's conjecture on Galois cohomology of classical groups
 * Jillian Beardwood (1934–2019), British mathematician, contributed to the traveling salesperson problem
 * Karine Beauchard (born 1978), French control theorist
 * Agnès Beaudry, Canadian-American stable homotopy theorist
 * Miriam Becker (1909–2000), American mathematician whose career became a test case for unionization and academic tenure
 * Astrid Beckmann (born 1957), German mathematician, mathematics educator, physicist, and academic administrator
 * May Beenken (1901–1988), American mathematician
 * Janet Beery, American mathematician and historian of mathematics
 * Mary Beisiegel, American mathematics educator
 * Marion Beiter (1907–1982), American mathematician, expert on cyclotomic polynomials
 * sarah-marie belcastro, American algebraic geometer, editor of books on mathematics and fiber arts
 * Hélène Bellosta (1946–2011), French historian of mathematics in medieval Islam
 * Alexandra Bellow (born 1935), Romanian researcher in ergodic theory, probability and analysis
 * Margherita Piazzola Beloch (1879–1976), Italian researcher in algebraic geometry, algebraic topology and photogrammetry
 * Amel Ben Abda, Tunisian applied mathematician
 * Suzan Rose Benedict (1873–1942), first woman to earn a PhD from the University of Michigan
 * Georgia Benkart (1947–2022), American mathematician, expert on Lie algebras
 * Alona Ben-Tal, Israeli and New Zealand applied mathematician, models human and bird breathing
 * Deborah J. Bennett (born 1950), American mathematics educator and popular mathematics book author
 * Sylvie Benzoni (born 1967), French expert in fluid dynamics and partial differential equations, director of the Institut Henri Poincaré
 * Bonnie Berger, American mathematician and computer scientist, researcher in computational molecular biology
 * Marsha Berger (born 1953), American researcher in numerical analysis, computational fluid dynamics, and parallel computing
 * Tanja Bergkvist (born 1974), Swedish mathematician and anti-feminist activist
 * Julie Bergner, American expert on algebraic topology, homotopy theory, and higher category theory
 * Nicole Berline (born 1944), French researcher on index theory of elliptic differential operators
 * Natalia Berloff, professor of applied mathematics at the University of Cambridge
 * Leah Berman (born 1976), American discrete geometer
 * Christine Bernardi (1955–2018), French expert on numerical analysis of partial differential equations
 * Dorothy Lewis Bernstein (1914–1988), applied mathematician, first female president of the MAA
 * Inga Berre (born 1978), Norwegian applied mathematician, models porous media and geothermal systems
 * Valérie Berthé (born 1968), French researcher in symbolic dynamics, combinatorics on words, and discrete geometry
 * Andrea Bertozzi (born 1965), American researcher in partial differential equations, studies mathematics of urban crime
 * Nadine Bezuk, American mathematics educator, president and executive director of Association of Mathematics Teacher Educators
 * Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak (1938–2009), professor of combinatorics and head of mathematics at the University of Mumbai
 * Ushadevi Bhosle (born 1949), Indian expert on vector bundles
 * Francesca Biagini (born 1973), Italian-German probability theorist and financial mathematician
 * Ginestra Bianconi, Italian network scientist
 * Lydia Bieri (born 1972), Swiss-American expert on general relativity, gravity waves, and the history of cosmology
 * Anna Maria Bigatti, Italian algebraist, developer of CoCoA
 * Miggy Biller, British mathematician and mathematics educator
 * Sara Billey (born 1968), American algebraic combinatorialist
 * Katalin Bimbó (born 1963), Canadian mathematical logician and proof theorist
 * Christina Birkenhake (born 1961), German algebraic geometer
 * Joan Birman (born 1927), American braid and knot theorist
 * Laure Blanc-Féraud (born 1963), French applied mathematician and image processing researcher
 * Gertrude Blanch (1897–1996), American numerical analyst
 * Roswitha Blind, German convex geometer and politician
 * Karen M. Bliss, American applied mathematician specializing in biomedical applications and materials science
 * Lenore Blum (born 1942), distinguished professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University
 * Jo Boaler (born 1964), British-American promoter of mathematics education reform and equitable mathematics classrooms
 * Mary L. Boas (1917–2010), author of Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences
 * Christine Böckmann (born 1955), German numerical analyst, expert in atmospheric lidar
 * Graciela Boente, Argentine mathematical statistician known for her research in robust statistics
 * Neda Bokan (born 1947), Serbian differential geometer
 * Natashia Boland (born 1967), Australian mathematician and operations researcher
 * Sylvie Boldo, French expert in formal verification of numerical computation
 * Aline Bonami, French mathematical analyst, president of the Société mathématique de France
 * Petra Bonfert-Taylor, German-American complex analyst and engineering educator
 * Virginie Bonnaillie-Noël (born 1976), French numerical analyst
 * Alicia Boole Stott (1860–1940), Irish-English four-dimensional geometer
 * Mary Everest Boole (1832–1916), self-taught author of didactic works on mathematics
 * Kathleen Booth (1922–2022), British mathematician and pioneer of assembly language computer programming
 * Liliana Borcea, Romanian-American applied mathematician, expert on wave propagation
 * Valentina Borok (1931–2004), Soviet Ukrainian mathematician who studied partial differential equations
 * Celia Grillo Borromeo (1684–1777), Genovese mathematician and scientist, discovered Clélie curve
 * Liouba Bortniker (1860 – after 1903), Russian-French mathematician, first woman agrégée in mathematics, first winner of Peccot prize
 * Fernanda Botelho (born 1957), Portuguese-American functional analyst
 * Mary Michel Boulus (1926–2012), American Catholic nun, mathematics teacher, and college president
 * Anne Bourlioux, Canadian expert in turbulent combustion and world record holder in indoor rowing
 * Élisabeth Bouscaren (born 1956), French mathematician who studies the connections between algebraic geometry and model theory
 * Mireille Bousquet-Mélou (born 1967), French combinatorialist
 * Anne Boutet de Monvel (born 1948), French applied mathematician and mathematical physicist
 * Debra Boutin, American mathematician, expert on the symmetries of graphs
 * Sylvia Bozeman (born 1947), African-American mathematician and academic administrator
 * Lis Brack-Bernsen (born 1946), Danish and Swiss mathematician, historian of science, and historian of mathematics
 * Mary Bradburn (1923–2000), British mathematics educator, president of the Mathematical Association
 * Elizabeth Bradley (born 1961), American expert in nonlinear dynamical systems, competed in 1988 Olympics
 * Lillian K. Bradley (1921–1995), first African-American woman to earn a doctorate in any subject at the University of Texas
 * Dorothy Brady (1903–1977), American mathematician and economist
 * Priscilla Braislin (1838–1888), first professor of mathematics at Vassar College
 * Leila Bram (1927–1979), head of mathematics for Office of Naval Research
 * Leticia Brambila Paz (born 1953), Mexican algebraic geometer
 * Bodil Branner (born 1943), founder of European Women in Mathematics, chair of the Danish Mathematical Society
 * Hel Braun (1914–1986), German number theorist
 * Elena Braverman, Russian, Israeli, and Canadian researcher in delay differential equations and difference equations
 * Loretta Braxton (1934–2019), American mathematician
 * Marilyn Breen (born 1944), American geometer
 * Tara E. Brendle, American low-dimensional topologist and combinatorial group theorist
 * Susanne Brenner, expert in the numerical solution of differential equations
 * Sonja Brentjes (born 1951), German historian of Islamic mathematics and cartography
 * Diane Briars (born 1951), American mathematics educator, advocate for education reform, president of National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
 * Kathrin Bringmann (born 1977), German number theorist, expert on mock theta functions, winner of SASTRA Ramanujan Prize
 * Ruth Britto, American mathematical physicist
 * Jill Britton (1944–2016), Canadian mathematics educator, author of educational books on mathematics
 * Bárbara M. Brizuela, American researcher on mathematics education in early childhood and elementary school
 * Anne Broadbent, Canadian researcher on quantum computing, quantum cryptography, and quantum information
 * Tamara Broderick, American mathematician and computer scientist who works in machine learning and Bayesian inference
 * Lia Bronsard (born 1963), Canadian expert on interface dynamics, president of Canadian Mathematical Society
 * Margaret Brown, British mathematics educator
 * Susan Brown (1937–2017), English fluid mechanics researcher, possibly second female mathematics professor in UK
 * Marjorie Lee Browne (1914–1979), one of the first African-American women to receive a doctorate in mathematics
 * Laurence Broze (born 1960), Belgian applied mathematician, statistician, and economist, president of l'association femmes et mathématiques
 * Karen Brucks (1957–2017), American mathematician, expert on one-dimensional dynamical systems
 * Maria Bruna (born 1984), Spanish applied mathematician known for stochastic modelling of multiscale phenomena
 * Sophie Bryant (1850–1922), Anglo-Irish mathematician, educator, feminist and activist
 * Ranee Brylinski (born 1957), American mathematician known for her research in representation theory and quantum logic gates
 * Evelyn Buckwar, German-Austrian expert on stochastic differential equations
 * Alina Bucur, American analytic number theorist and arithmetic statistician
 * Lilya Budaghyan, Armenian-Norwegian cryptographer
 * Annalisa Buffa (born 1973), Italian specialist in numerical analysis for partial differential equations
 * Marta Bunge (1938–2022), Argentine-Canadian category theorist
 * Angelika Bunse-Gerstner (born 1951), German expert on numerical linear algebra
 * Regina S. Burachik, Argentine-Australian researcher in convex analysis, functional analysis and non-smooth analysis
 * Almut Burchard, German-Canadian functional analyst, probability theorist, and communication network analyst
 * Marilyn Burns (born 1941), American mathematics educator and author of children's books on mathematics
 * Ellen Burrell (1850–1938), American mathematician
 * Gail F. Burrill, American mathematics educator, president of National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
 * Leone Burton (1936–2007), British researcher in ethnomathematics, founded book series on women in mathematics
 * Edith Bush (1882–1977), American mathematician, first female engineering professor at Tufts University
 * Ida Busbridge (1908–1988), studied integral equations and radiative transfer, first female mathematics fellow at Oxford
 * Marjorie V. Butcher (1925–2016), American actuarial mathematician, first woman mathematics instructor at Michigan, first woman professor at Trinity College Connecticut
 * Lynne Butler (born 1955), American combinatorialist and mathematical statistician
 * Margaret K. Butler (1924–2013), computer programmer, director of the National Energy Software Center at Argonne
 * Helen Byrne, British applied mathematician and mathematical biologist

C



 * María Emilia Caballero, Mexican probability theorist
 * Angelina Cabras (1898–1993), Italian mathematician, physicist, and theoretical mechanics professor
 * Fioralba Cakoni, Albanian expert on inverse scattering theory
 * Maria-Carme Calderer, Spanish-American researcher in applied mathematics
 * Nora Calderwood (1896–1985), Scottish mathematician, namesake of Birmingham University's Calderwood Prize
 * Helen Calkins (1893–1970), American mathematician and professor
 * Daniela Calvetti, Italian-American mathematician whose work connects Bayesian statistics with numerical analysis
 * Erika Tatiana Camacho (born 1974), Mexican-American mathematical biologist
 * Lucy Campbell, geophysical fluid dynamics researcher from Barbados, Jamaica, Ghana, and Canada
 * Sue Ann Campbell, Canadian applied mathematician and computational neuroscientist, president of Canadian Applied and Industrial Mathematical Society
 * Jessie Forbes Cameron (1883–1968), British mathematician, first woman to complete her PhD in mathematics at the University of Marburg
 * Naiomi Cameron, American combinatorist, vice president of National Association of Mathematicians
 * Patricia Campbell, American mathematics educator
 * María Antònia Canals (1930–2022), Spanish mathematics educator and recreational mathematician
 * Sunčica Čanić, Croatian-American expert in modeling the cardiovascular system and devices for treating it
 * Ana Cannas da Silva (born 1968), Portuguese mathematician specializing in symplectic geometry and geometric topology
 * Barbara Canright (1920–1997), American human computer at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
 * Yaiza Canzani, Spanish and Uruguayan mathematical analysis, known for work in spectral geometry and microlocal analysis
 * Mireille Capitaine, French researcher on random matrices and free probability theory
 * Lucia Caporaso, Italian algebraic geometer
 * Marian Palmer Capps (1901–2001), American mathematician and leader of prominent African-American women's societies
 * Ana Caraiani, Romanian-American IMO medalist, Putnam fellow, expert in algebraic number theory and the Langlands program
 * Olivia Caramello (born 1984), Italian topos theorist
 * Alessandra Carbone, Italian mathematician and computer scientist, studies protein interactions in muscular dystrophy
 * Sally Elizabeth Carlson (1896–2000), first woman to obtain a doctorate in mathematics at the University of Minnesota
 * Ana Carpio, Spanish applied mathematician
 * María J. Carro (born 1961), Spanish mathematical analyst
 * Anna Cartan (1878–1923), French mathematician, teacher and textbook author, student of Marie Curie
 * Coralia Cartis, Romanian expert on compressed sensing, numerical analysis, and regularization methods in optimization
 * Mary Cartwright (1900–1998), British mathematician, one of the first to analyze a dynamical system with chaos
 * María Andrea Casamayor (1700–1780), only 18th-century Spanish scientist whose work is still extant
 * Bettye Anne Case, American mathematician and historian of mathematics
 * Emma Castelnuovo (1913–2014), Italian mathematics educator and textbook author
 * Eleonora Catsigeras (born 1956), Uruguayan mathematician, applies dynamical systems in neuroscience
 * Catherine Cavagnaro (born 1965), American low-dimensional topologist and aerobatic aviator
 * Beatrice Mabel Cave-Browne-Cave (1874–1947), English pioneer in the mathematics of aeronautics
 * Frances Cave-Browne-Cave (1876–1965), English mathematician and computer scientist, taught at Girton College, Cambridge
 * Anny Cazenave (born 1944), French space geodesist, pioneer in satellite altimetry
 * Zoia Ceaușescu (1949–2006), Romanian functional analyst, daughter of Communist leader
 * Elena Celledoni (born 1967), Italian-Norwegian expert on numerical analysis, Lie groups, and structure-preserving algorithms
 * Vivien Challis, Australian Applied mathematician, expert in topology optimization
 * Sue Chandler, author of English secondary-school mathematics textbooks
 * Melody Chan, American expert in combinatorial commutative algebra, graph theory, and tropical geometry
 * Sun-Yung Alice Chang (born 1948), Chinese-American mathematical analyst, member of National Academy of Sciences
 * Josephine Chanler (1906–1992), American mathematician
 * Mei-Chu Chang, Taiwanese-American expert in algebraic geometry and combinatorial number theory
 * Vyjayanthi Chari (born 1958), Indian-American expert in quantum algebra
 * Ruth Charney (born 1950), American expert on geometric group theory and Artin groups, president of the Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM)
 * Marie Charpentier (1903–1994), first woman to earn a doctorate in pure mathematics in France and second to obtain a faculty position there
 * Émilie du Châtelet (1706–1749), French translator and commentator of Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica
 * Françoise Chatelin (1941–2020), French applied mathematician and numerical analyst
 * Indira Chatterji (born 1973), Swiss-Indian low-dimensional geometer
 * Zoé Chatzidakis, French researcher in model theory and differential algebra
 * Laura Chaubard, French mathematician, Director General of the École Polytechnique
 * Madeleine Chaumont (1896–1973), French mathematician, one of first women at École normale supérieure
 * Jennifer Tour Chayes (born 1956), expert on phase transitions in networks, founder of the theory group at Microsoft Research
 * Karine Chemla (born 1958), French historian of Chinese mathematics
 * Jacqueline Chen, American applied mathematician and mechanical engineer, applies massively parallel computing to simulate combustion
 * Xiaojun Chen, Chinese applied mathematician, expert on nonconvex optimization
 * Margaret Cheney (born 1955), American expert on inverse problems
 * Eugenia Cheng, English category theorist and pianist, uses analogies with food and baking to teach mathematics to non-mathematicians
 * Leslie Cheng, American harmonic analyst
 * Maggie Cheng, Chinese-American applied mathematician, computer scientist, and network scientist
 * Miranda Cheng (born 1979), Taiwanese-Dutch mathematician and theoretical physicist, formulated umbral moonshine
 * Yingda Cheng (born 1983), Chinese-American applied mathematician, expert in Galerkin methods
 * Alina Chertock, mathematician specializing in the numerical solution of partial differential equations modeling flow and chemotaxis
 * Amanda Chetwynd, British combinatorist and spatial statistician
 * Elaine Chew, Singaporean-American expert in the mathematics and visualization of concepts in music theory
 * Tanya Christiansen, American expert on scattering theory and partial differential equations
 * Graciela Chichilnisky (born 1944), Argentine-American mathematical economist and authority on climate change
 * Lauren M. Childs, American mathematician, expert on modeling disease spread
 * Phyllis Chinn (born 1941), American graph theorist and historian of mathematics
 * Grace Chisholm Young (1868–1944), English mathematician, first woman to receive a German doctorate
 * Sonya Christian, Indian mathematician and American community college administrator
 * YoungJu Choie (born 1959), Korean number theorist
 * Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat (born 1923), French mathematician and physicist, first woman elected to the French Academy
 * Maria Chudnovsky (born 1977), Israeli-American graph theorist, MacArthur Fellow
 * Fan Chung (born 1949), Taiwanese-American researcher in random graphs
 * Julia Chuzhoy, Israeli expert in approximation algorithms and graph minor theory
 * Monique Chyba, applied control theory to autonomous underwater vehicles
 * Agata Ciabattoni, Italian non-classical mathematical logician
 * Maria Cibrario (1905–1992), Italian specialist in partial differential equations
 * Marta Civil, American mathematics educator
 * Mónica Clapp, Mexican researcher in nonlinear partial differential equations and algebraic topology
 * Lisa Orloff Clark, professor of mathematics at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand
 * Joan Clarke (1917–1996), English code-breaker at Bletchley Park, numismatist
 * Jeanne N. Clelland (born 1970), American expert on differential geometry and its applications to differential equations
 * Mary Clem (1905–1979), American mathematician and human computer, invented zero check error detection
 * Harriet Redfield Cobb (1866–1958), American mathematician
 * Anne Cobbe (1920–1971), British algebraist
 * Sally Cockburn (born 1960), Canadian-American mathematician
 * Jane Purcell Coffee (1944–2023), one of the first women to earn a mathematics PhD at U. Penn.; founded a teaching academy
 * Judita Cofman (1936–2001), Yugoslav-German finite geometer and mathematics educator, first mathematics doctorate from Novi Sad
 * Doris Cohen, American mathematician, first female author in the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
 * Elaine Cohen, American pioneer in the use of splines for geometric modeling
 * Marion Cohen (born 1943), American poet and mathematician, teaches the relationship between art and mathematics
 * Miriam Cohen (born 1941), Israeli researcher in Hopf algebras, quantum groups and non-commutative rings
 * Amy Cohen-Corwin, American expert in the Korteweg–de Vries equation and cubic Schrödinger equation
 * Alina Carmen Cojocaru, Romanian number theorist
 * Margaret Buchanan Cole, American mathematician at West Virginia University
 * Nancy Cole (1902–1991), American mathematician, made pioneering contributions to Morse theory
 * Caroline Colijn, Canadian mathematical epidemiologist
 * Susan Jane Colley (born 1959), first female editor-in-chief of the American Mathematical Monthly
 * Agnes Bell Collier (1860–1930), British mathematician
 * Karen L. Collins, American graph theorist and combinatorist
 * Sandra Collins (born 1970), Irish fluid dynamicist and librarian
 * Coralie Colmez, French writer on legal mathematics
 * Maria Colombo (born 1989), Italian mathematical analyst
 * Caterina Consani (born 1963), Italian mathematician specializing in arithmetic geometry
 * Keisha Cook, American mathematical biologist
 * Pamela Cook, American expert in fluid dynamics, president of SIAM
 * Frances Cope (1902–1983), American researcher on differential equations, namesake of the Thorndike nomogram
 * Lennie Copeland (1881–1951), American mathematician and professor at Wellesley College
 * Minerva Cordero, Puerto Rican expert on finite geometry
 * Lesley Cormack (born 1957), Canadian historian of mathematics and historian of geography
 * Leticia Corral (born 1959), Mexican mathematician, astrophysicist and materials scientist
 * Sylvie Corteel, French combinatorialist, former editor-in-chief of Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A
 * Véronique Cortier, French mathematician and computer scientist, uses mathematical logic to verify cryptographic protocols
 * Carla Cotwright-Williams (born 1973), African-American data scientist for the US government
 * Pamela G. Coxson, American applied mathematician specializing in disease modeling
 * Collette Coullard, American matroid theorist and operations researcher
 * Judith Covington, American mathematics educator
 * Lenore Cowen, American discrete mathematician, computer scientist, and computational biologist
 * Elizabeth Buchanan Cowley (1874–1945), American mathematician, advocated high school teaching of solid geometry
 * Annalisa Crannell, American expert on water waves and geometric perspective
 * Alissa Crans, American mathematician specializing in higher-dimensional algebra
 * Mary Croarken, British historian of mathematics and of computing
 * Marie Crous, 17th-century mathematician who introduced the decimal system to France
 * Ana Bela Cruzeiro (born 1957), Portuguese and Swiss stochastic analyst
 * Barbara Csima, Canadian computability theorist, president of Canadian Mathematical Society
 * Marianna Csörnyei (born 1975), Hungarian researcher in real analysis, geometric measure theory, and functional analysis
 * Helen F. Cullen (1919–2007), American topologist
 * Jane Cullum (born 1938), American applied mathematician known for her work in numerical algorithms and control theory
 * Louise Duffield Cummings (1870–1947), Canadian-American expert on Steiner triple systems
 * Susan Jane Cunningham (1842–1921), founded the mathematics and astronomy departments at Swarthmore College
 * Serafina Cuomo (born 1966), Italian historian of ancient mathematics
 * Antonella Cupillari (born 1955), Italian-American mathematics educator, historian of mathematics, and biographer of Agnesi
 * Ruth F. Curtain (1941–2018), Australian-Dutch expert in infinite-dimensional linear systems
 * Carina Curto (born 1978), American mathematical neuroscientist
 * Eleanor P. Cushing (1856–1925), American mathematician
 * Elizabeth Cuthill (1923–2011), American applied mathematician and Navy researcher known for sparse matrix ordering
 * Annie Cuyt (born 1956), Belgian expert on approximation

D

 * Sophie Dabo-Niang, Senegalese-French mathematician and statistician
 * Amy Dahan, French mathematician, historian of mathematics, and historian of the politics of climate change
 * Mimi Dai, American expert in partial differential equations
 * Karma Dajani, Lebanese-Dutch mathematician, applies ergodic theory to number theory
 * Anne-Laure Dalibard, French mathematician, expert on fluid dynamics in oceanography
 * Ewa Damek (born 1958), Polish mathematical analyst, namesake of Damek–Ricci spaces
 * Pallavi Dani, Indian-American geometric group theorist
 * Donatella Danielli (born 1966), Italian-American specialist in partial differential equations
 * Sofia Danova (1879–1946), Bulgarian teacher and philanthropist, first Bulgarian woman to graduate in mathematics
 * Christine Darden (born 1942), American aeronautical engineer who researches sonic booms
 * Geraldine Claudette Darden (born 1936), one of the first African-American women to earn a PhD in mathematics
 * Panagiota Daskalopoulos, Greek-American differential geometer
 * Nilanjana Datta, Indian-born British quantum information theorist
 * Ingrid Daubechies (born 1954), Belgian physicist and mathematician, known for wavelets
 * Monique Dauge (born 1956), French mathematician and numerical analyst
 * Chantal David (born 1964), Canadian analytic number theorist and arithmetic statistician
 * Giuliana Davidoff, American number theorist and expert on expander graphs
 * Penny J. Davies, Scottish expert on wave scattering, president of Edinburgh Mathematical Society
 * Nicole De Grande-De Kimpe (1936–2008), Belgian pioneer in $$p$$-adic functional analysis
 * Christine De Mol (born 1954), Belgian applied mathematician and mathematical physicist
 * Ineke De Moortel, Belgian mathematician who studies the Sun's corona; president of Edinburgh Mathematical Society
 * Valeria de Paiva, Brazilian researcher in categorical logic
 * Lisette de Pillis, American researcher on the mathematics of cancer growth
 * Kaye A. de Ruiz, American mathematics educator
 * Daniela De Silva, Italian mathematician known for her expertise in partial differential equations
 * Luz de Teresa (born 1965), Mexican control theorist, president of Mexican Mathematical Society
 * Gerda de Vries, Canadian mathematician who studies dynamical systems and mathematical physiology
 * Winifred Margaret Deans (1901–1990), British translator of German mathematics and physics texts into English
 * Mary Deconge (born 1933), one of the first African-American women to earn a PhD in mathematics
 * Maria Deijfen (born 1975), Swedish graph theorist and probability theorist
 * Huguette Delavault (1924–2003), French mathematical physicist, activist for women in mathematics
 * Ermelinda DeLaViña, Hispanic American graph theorist
 * Laura DeMarco, American researcher in dynamical systems and complex analysis
 * Beryl May Dent (1900–1977), British mathematical physicist, researcher in molecular forces and computer-aided design
 * Darinka Dentcheva, Bulgarian-American convex analyst
 * Alicja Derkowska (born 1940), Polish social activist, mathematician and educator.
 * Marjorie Devaney (1931–2007), mathematician, electrical engineer, and pioneering computer programmer
 * Shakuntala Devi (1939–2013), Indian child prodigy, writer, and mental calculator
 * Cécile DeWitt-Morette (1922–2017), French founder of l'École de physique des Houches
 * Elena Deza (born 1961), French-Russian mathematician, author of books on figurate numbers and metric spaces
 * Mariangiola Dezani-Ciancaglini (born 1946), Italian expert on type theory, lambda calculus, and programming language semantics
 * Eleonora Di Nezza, Italian Kahler geometer
 * Giulia Di Nunno (born 1973), Italian expert in stochastic analysis and financial mathematics, promoter of mathematics in Africa
 * Sandra Di Rocco (born 1967), Italian-Swedish algebraic geometer
 * Carrie Diaz Eaton, American mathematical biologist
 * Auguste Dick (1910–1993), Austrian historian of mathematics and biographer of Emmy Noether
 * Alicia Dickenstein (born 1955), Argentine algebraic geometer, vice-president of the International Mathematical Union
 * Caren Diefenderfer (1952–2017), American mathematician, president of National Numeracy Network
 * Susanne Dierolf (1942–2009), German expert on topological vector spaces
 * Ada Dietz (1882–1950), American weaver who used algebraic expressions to design textiles
 * Alice M. Dimick (1878–1956), American mathematician PhD
 * Ulla Dinger (born 1955), Swedish mathematical analyst, first female doctorate in mathematics at University of Gothenburg
 * Irit Dinur, Israeli researcher in probabilistically checkable proofs and hardness of approximation
 * Serena Dipierro, Italian expert on partial differential equations
 * Susanne Ditlevsen, Danish mathematical biologist and biostatistician
 * Mary P. Dolciani (1923–1985), developed modern method for teaching high school algebra in the United States
 * Yvonne Dold-Samplonius (1937–2014), Dutch historian of Islamic mathematics
 * Rosa Donat (born 1960), Spanish mathematician, uses multiresolution methods for flows with shock waves and high Mach number
 * Suzanne Dorée, American group theorist and mathematics educator
 * Isabel Dotti, Argentine expert on homogeneous manifolds
 * Itala D'Ottaviano (born 1944), Brazilian logician
 * Yael Dowker (1919–2016), Israeli researcher in measure theory and ergodic theory
 * Agnes Meyer Driscoll (1889–1971), American cryptanalyst during both World War I and World War II
 * Kathy Driver, South African expert in special functions, orthogonal polynomials and approximation theory
 * Suely Druck, Brazilian mathematician, president of Brazilian Mathematical Society
 * Cornelia Druțu Romanian mathematician, won Whitehead Prize for research in geometric group theory
 * Malgorzata Dubiel, Polish and Canadian mathematics educator
 * Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin (1905–1972), first woman full professor of mathematics in France, expert in fluid mechanics and abstract algebra
 * Moon Duchin, American expert in geometric topology, geometric group theory, and Teichmüller theory
 * Marie Duflo (1940–2019), French probability theorist, activist for foreigners in France
 * Vida Dujmović (born 1972), Yugoslav-Canadian graph theorist
 * Della Dumbaugh, American historian of mathematics, editor-in-chief of American Mathematical Monthly
 * Ioana Dumitriu (born 1976), Romanian-American numerical analyst
 * Julena Steinheider Duncombe (1911–2003), American mathematics teacher and astronomer
 * Elizabeth B. Dussan V. (born 1946), American expert on the behavior of fluids
 * Nira Dyn, Israeli expert on subdivision surfaces

E

 * Madeline Early (1912–2001), American mathematician and university professor.
 * Annie Easley (1933–2011), African-American computer scientist, mathematician, and rocket scientist
 * Sheila May Edmonds (1916–2002), British mathematician, Vice-Principal of Newnham College, Cambridge
 * Josephine D. Edwards (1942–1985), Australian mathematician, founded Australian Mathematics Competition
 * Mary Edwards (c. 1750–1815), human computer for the British Nautical Almanac
 * Ranthony Edmonds, American postdoctoral algebraist
 * Constance van Eeden (1927–2021), Dutch nonparameteric statistician who contributed to the development of statistics in Canada
 * Hettie Belle Ege (1861–1942), American mathematician, acting president of Mills College
 * Tatyana Pavlovna Ehrenfest (1905–1984), Dutch researcher in combinatorics and graph theory
 * Andrée Ehresmann (born 1935), French category theorist
 * Gertrude Ehrlich (born 1923), Austrian-American algebraist and number theorist
 * Thyra Eibe (1866–1955), first woman to earn a mathematics degree from the University of Copenhagen, translator of Euclid
 * Bettina Eick (born 1968), German computational group theorist
 * Carolyn Eisele (1902–2000), American mathematician, historian of mathematics, expert on Charles Sanders Peirce
 * Nathalie Eisenbaum, French probability theorist
 * Kirsten Eisenträger, German-American researcher in computational number theory
 * Tanja Eisner (born 1980), Ukrainian-German expert on operator theory
 * Nicole El Karoui (born 1944), Tunisian-French pioneer in mathematical finance
 * Amèle El Mahdi (born 1956), Algerian mathematics professor and writer
 * Donna DeEtte Elbert (1928-2019), American human calculator, worked on differential equations modeling magnetohydrodynamics
 * Nerida Ellerton (born 1942), Australian mathematics educator and historian of mathematics education
 * Joanne Elliott (1925–2023), American mathematician specializing in potential theory
 * Jo Ellis-Monaghan, American mathematician interested in graph polynomials and topological graph theory
 * Maria Emelianenko, Russian-American expert on centroidal Voronoi tessellation
 * Susan Empson, American scholar of mathematics education including childhood development of the concept of fractions
 * Gisela Engeln-Müllges (born 1940), escapee from East Germany, expert in numerical algorithms, and abstract artist
 * Lyn English, Australian mathematics education scholar
 * Susanna S. Epp (born 1943), American researcher in discrete mathematics and mathematical logic
 * Karin Erdmann (born 1948), German researcher in modular representation theory and homological algebra
 * Viveka Erlandsson, Swedish low-dimensional topologist and geometer
 * Anna Erschler (born 1977), Russian-French expert on random walks on groups
 * Hélène Esnault (born 1953), French algebraic geometer, winner of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
 * Malena Español, Argentine-American applied mathematician and materials scientist
 * Maria J. Esteban (born 1956), Basque-French applied mathematician, president of International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
 * Alison Etheridge FRS (born 1964), English researcher in theoretical population genetics and mathematical ecology
 * Christina Eubanks-Turner, American mathematics educator, graph theorist, and commutative algebraist
 * Bess Marie Eversull (1899–1978), first woman to earn a PhD in mathematics from the University of Cincinnati

F

 * Marie Fabianová (1872–1943), Czech PhD mathematician, teacher and school principal, first female to graduate with a PhD in math from Charles University
 * Cornelia Fabri (1869–1915), Italian mathematician, first woman to graduate in math from University of Pisa.
 * Vera Faddeeva (1906–1983), Russian expert on numerical linear algebra
 * Fariba Fahroo, Persian-American expert in pseudospectral optimal control, winner of AIAA Mechanics and Control of Flight Award
 * Barbara Trader Faires (born 1943), American mathematician and textbook author, secretary of MAA
 * Bianca Falcidieno, Italian applied mathematician, pioneer of semantics-driven shape modeling
 * Etta Zuber Falconer (1933–2002), one of the first African-American women to receive a PhD in mathematics
 * Ruma Falk (1932–2020), Israeli psychologist and philosopher of mathematics specializing in human understanding of probability
 * María Falk de Losada, American-born Colombian mathematician, co-founded Colombian Mathematical Olympiad, rector of Antonio Nariño University
 * Mary Fama (1938–2021), New Zealand applied mathematician, expert on rock deformation in mining
 * Barbara Fantechi (born 1966), Italian algebraic geometer
 * Rosa María Farfán, Mexican researcher in social epistemology and mathematics education
 * Marie Farge (born 1953), French mathematician and physicist known for her research on wavelets and turbulence in fluid mechanics
 * Fay Farnum (1888–1977), American mathematician, founding member of MAA
 * Mary Celine Fasenmyer (1906–1996), Catholic nun whose research on hypergeometric functions prefigured WZ theory
 * Heike Fassbender, German expert in numerical linear algebra, first woman to lead a German mathematical society
 * Lisa Fauci (born 1960), American applied mathematician who applies computational fluid dynamics to biological processes
 * Patricia Fauring, Argentine mathematician, coach of the Argentine mathematical olympiad team
 * Odile Favaron (born 1938), French graph theorist
 * Philippa Fawcett (1868–1948), English educationalist, first woman to obtain the top score in the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos
 * Anita Burdman Feferman (1927–2015), American historian of mathematics and mathematical biographer
 * Nina Fefferman, American mathematical biologist
 * Eva-Maria Feichtner (born 1972), German algebraic geometer
 * Joan Feigenbaum (born 1958), theoretical computer scientist, co-inventor of trust management
 * Genevieve Grotjan Feinstein (1912–2006), helped decipher Japanese Purple cryptography, worked on Venona counter-intelligence
 * Käte Fenchel (1905–1983), Jewish German researcher on non-abelian groups
 * Zhilan Feng (born 1959), Chinese-American applied mathematician, mathematical biologist, and epidemiologist
 * Elizabeth Fennema (1928–2021), researched attitudes of young women towards mathematics and their classroom interactions
 * Anuška Ferligoj (born 1947), Slovenian mathematical sociologist and researcher in network analysis
 * Begoña Fernández, Mexican probability theorist and expert in mathematical finance
 * Elena Fernández (born 1956), Spanish operations researcher, president of Association of European Operational Research Societies
 * Marisa Fernández, Spanish differential geometer
 * Jacqueline Ferrand (1918–2014), French researcher on conformal representation theory, potential theory, and Riemannian manifolds
 * Antonia Ferrín Moreiras (1914–2009), Spanish mathematician and first Galician woman astronomer
 * Joan Ferrini-Mundy (born 1954), American researcher in mathematics education
 * Soheyla Feyzbakhsh, Iranian-British mathematician whose research connects algebraic geometry to string theory
 * Judith V. Field (born 1943), British historian of mathematics and art
 * Anna Fino, Italian differential geometer
 * Jessica Fintzen, German $p$-adic representation theorist
 * Farideh Firoozbakht (1962–2019), Iranian number theorist
 * Ilse Fischer (born 1975), Austrian combinatorialist
 * Irene Fischer (1907–2009), Austrian-American geodesist for Mercury and Apollo spaceflights, member of National Academy of Engineering
 * Vera Fischer, Austrian set theorist and mathematical logician
 * Naomi Fisher, American mathematics educator, worked to bring together research mathematicians and educators
 * Mary Flahive (born 1948), American mathematician, author of books on difference equations and diophantine approximation
 * Sarah Flannery (born 1982), winner of the EU Young Scientist of the Year Award for her teenage research on cryptography
 * Erica Flapan (born 1956), American researcher in low-dimensional topology and knot theory
 * Jennifer Flegg, Australian applied mathematician
 * Irmgard Flügge-Lotz (1903–1974), German aerodynamics researcher, first female engineering professor at Stanford
 * Natasha Flyer (born 1969), American earth scientist and applied mathematician, expert on radial basis functions
 * Anne Bosworth Focke (1868–1907), first mathematics professor at what is now University of Rhode Island; student of David Hilbert
 * Amanda Folsom (born 1979), American number theorist
 * Irene Fonseca (born 1956), Portuguese-American director of the Center for Nonlinear Analysis at Carnegie Mellon University
 * Liliana Forzani, Argentine applied mathematician and statistician, expert in dimensionality reduction
 * Phyllis Fox (1923–2017), American mathematician and computer scientist, collaborator on the first LISP interpreter
 * Marguerite Frank (born 1927), French-American pioneer in convex optimization theory and mathematical programming
 * Hélène Frankowska, Polish-French control theorist and set-valued analyst
 * Ailana Fraser, Canadian researcher on geometric analysis and the theory of minimal surfaces
 * Elena Freda (1890–1978), Italian mathematician, applied mathematical analysis to electromagnetics and biology
 * Haya Freedman (1923–2005), Israeli-British mathematician who studied the Tamari lattice and ring theory
 * Herta Freitag (1908–2000), Austrian-American expert on Fibonacci numbers
 * Nedda Friberti (born 1913), Italian mathematician, refugee from Nazi-occupied Italy
 * Susan Friedlander (born 1946), English-American researcher in fluid dynamics, first female editor-in-chief of the Bulletin of the AMS
 * Joyce Friedman (1928–2018), American mathematician, operations researcher, computer scientist, and computational linguist
 * Aline Huke Frink (1904–2000), American mathematician and professor
 * Charlotte Froese Fischer (born 1929), Canadian-American expert on atomic-structure calculations who predicted negative calcium ions
 * Cleota Gage Fry (1910–2001), American mathematician, physicist and university professor
 * Hannah Fry (born 1984), English complex systems theorist and public speaker
 * Shirley M. Frye, American mathematics educator, president of National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
 * Elza Furtado Gomide (1925–2013), Brazilian mathematician, first female doctorate in mathematics at University of São Paulo
 * Cohl Furey, Canadian mathematical physicist
 * Fumiko Futamura, Japanese-American mathematician, expert on graphical perspective

G

 * Lisl Gaal (born 1924), Austrian-born American set theorist and Galois theorist
 * Isabelle Gallagher (born 1973), French researcher in partial differential equations
 * Eva Gallardo (born 1971), president of Spanish Mathematical Society
 * Irene M. Gamba (born 1957), Argentine-American applied mathematician
 * Svetlana Gannushkina (born 1942), Russian mathematician and human rights activist
 * Nina Gantert, Swiss and German probability theorist
 * Kseniya Garaschuk (born 1982), Soviet-born Canadian mathematics educator, editor of Crux Mathematicorum
 * Pascale Garaud, French-American applied mathematician interested in fluid dynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, and their applications to astrophysics
 * Laura Gardini (born 1952), Italian mathematician, applies chaotic dynamics to economics
 * Manuela Garín (1914–2019), Spanish-born pioneer of Mexican mathematics
 * Annie Marie Watkins Garraway (born 1940), American mathematician who worked in telecommunications and electronic data transmission
 * Adriana Garroni (born 1966), Italian mathematician, expert on modeling plasticity and fracture
 * Mary Cleophas Garvin (1899–1990), American mathematician
 * Élisabeth Gassiat (born 1961), French mathematical statistician
 * Karin Gatermann (1961–2005), German mathematician, researcher in symbolic computation and dynamical systems
 * Geneviève Gauthier (born 1967), Canadian financial mathematician, statistician, and decision scientist
 * Véronique Gayrard, French probability theorist
 * Mai Gehrke (born 1964), Danish lattice theorist and mathematical logician
 * Hilda Geiringer (1893–1973), Austrian researcher on Fourier series, statistics, probability, and plasticity, refugee from Nazi Germany
 * Anne Gelb, American mathematician interested in numerical analysis, partial differential equations, and Fourier analysis of images
 * Sue Geller, American mathematician with interdisciplinary interests in algebraic K-theory, bioinformatics, and biostatistics
 * Hélyette Geman, French researcher in mathematical finance
 * Ruth Gentry (1862–1917), American geometer
 * Sommer Gentry, American mathematician, applies dance notation to haptic interaction and operations research to organ transplants
 * Maria-Pia Geppert (1907–1997), German mathematician and biostatistician who founded the Biometrical Journal
 * Ralucca Gera, American graph theorist and mathematics educator
 * Sophie Germain (1776–1831), French number theorist, physicist, and philosopher, correspondent of Gauss
 * Marie Gernet (1865–1924), first German woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics
 * Nadeschda Gernet (1877–1943), Russian mathematician, student of David Hilbert, worked in the calculus of variations
 * Judith Gersting (born 1940), American mathematician, computer scientist, and textbook author
 * Ellen Gethner, American graph theorist
 * Patrizia Gianni (born 1952), Italian expert in computer algebra
 * Danuta Gierulanka (1909–1995), Polish mathematics educator and philosopher of mathematics
 * Irène Gijbels, Belgian mathematical statistician and expert in nonparametric statistics
 * Olga Gil Medrano (born 1956), Spanish geometric analyst, first female president of the Royal Spanish Mathematical Society
 * Anna C. Gilbert (born 1972), American expert in streaming algorithms and matching pursuit
 * Jane Piore Gilman (born 1945), topologist and group theorist, distinguished professor of mathematics at Rutgers University
 * Gloria Ford Gilmer, American ethnomathematician
 * Joella Gipson (1929–2012), American music educator and mathematics educator, first African-American student at Mt. St. Mary's College
 * Vivette Girault (born 1943), French expert on numerical analysis, finite element methods, and computational fluid dynamics
 * E. G. Glagoleva (1926–2015), Soviet and Russian mathematician, mathematics educator, and textbook author
 * Josephine Burns Glasgow (1887–1969), American group theorist, active in American Association of University Women
 * Muriel Glauert (1892–1949), British mathematician and aerodynamicist
 * Sarah Glaz (born 1947), Romanian-Israeli-American commutative algebraist and mathematical poet
 * Heide Gluesing-Luerssen (born 1961), German mathematician specializing in algebraic coding theory
 * Julia Gog, English mathematical biologist, uses mathematics to study the spread of infectious diseases
 * Linda Gojak, American mathematics educator, president of National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
 * Nüzhet Gökdoğan (1910–2003), Turkish astronomer and mathematician, founder of Turkish Mathematical Society
 * Bonnie Gold (born 1948), American mathematician, mathematical logician, philosopher of mathematics, and mathematics educator
 * Lisa Goldberg, American mathematical finance scholar and statistician
 * Rebecca Goldin, American expert in symplectic geometry
 * Christina Goldschmidt, British probability theorist
 * Catherine Goldstein (born 1958), French number theorist and historian of mathematics
 * Gisèle Ruiz Goldstein (born 1958), American expert in partial differential equations, operator theory, and mathematical finance
 * Susan Goldstine, American mathematician active in mathematics and fiber arts
 * Shafi Goldwasser (born 1958), American-born Israeli theoretical cryptographer
 * Concha Gómez, Italian and Cuban-American mathematician and advocate for diversity in STEM
 * Sherry Gong, second American gold medal winner at International Mathematical Olympiad
 * Enriqueta González Baz (1915–2002), first woman to earn a mathematics degree in Mexico, founder of the Mexican Mathematical Society
 * Valentina Gorbachuk (born 1937), Ukrainian operator theorist
 * Maria Gordina (born 1968), Russian-American mathematical analyst
 * Carolyn S. Gordon (born 1950), isospectral geometer who proved that you can't hear the shape of a drum
 * Julia Gordon, Canadian representation theorist, winner of Michler and Krieger–Nelson prizes
 * Pamela Gorkin, American complex analyst and textbook author
 * Sigal Gottlieb, American expert in numerical simulation of the partial differential equations used in aerodynamics
 * Aline Gouget (born 1977), French cryptographer
 * Mary de Lellis Gough (1892–1983), American mathematician
 * Alice Bache Gould (1858–1953), American mathematician and historian
 * Gene Grabeel (1920–2015), American mathematician and cryptanalyst who founded the Venona project
 * Judith Grabiner (born 1938), American historian of 18th- and 19th-century mathematics
 * Eva-Maria Graefe, German-English mathematical physicist, expert in ultracold atoms and Non-Hermitian quantum mechanics
 * Christine Graffigne (born 1959), French expert on Markov random fields for image analysis
 * Maria Gramegna (1887–1915), Italian mathematician, pioneer of abstraction in functional analysis
 * Evelyn Boyd Granville (1924–2023), one of the first African-American women to receive a PhD in mathematics
 * Antonella Grassi, mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry and string theory
 * Mary Graustein (1884–1972), American mathematician, first mathematical doctorate from Radcliffe College
 * Marion Cameron Gray (1902–1979), Scottish telephone engineer, discoverer of the Gray graph
 * Mary W. Gray (born 1939), author on mathematics, mathematics education, economic equity, discrimination law, and academic freedom
 * Judy Green (born 1943), logician and historian of women in mathematics
 * Anne Greenbaum (born 1951), American expert in theoretical and numerical linear algebra
 * Catherine Greenhill, Australian graph theorist
 * Sarah J. Greenwald, American mathematician, studies connections between mathematics and society
 * Cindy Greenwood (born 1937), Canadian statistician, winner of Krieger-Nelson Prize
 * Sina Greenwood, New Zealand topologist
 * Ruth Gregory, British mathematical physicist specializing in general relativity and cosmology
 * Margaret Greig (1922–1999), English applied mathematician, developed theory for worsted spinning
 * Harriet Griffin (1903–1991), American mathematician, author of a textbook on number theory
 * Lois Wilfred Griffiths (1899–1981), American expert on polygonal numbers
 * Laura Grigori, French applied mathematician, known for communication-avoiding algorithms for numerical linear algebra
 * Ellina Grigorieva, Russian expert on mathematical problem solving
 * Elisenda Grigsby, American low-dimensional topologist
 * Clara Grima (born 1971), Spanish computational geometer, co-discoverer of scutoids, mathematics popularizer
 * Margaret Grimshaw (1905–1990), English mathematician at Cambridge and author on Hilbert spaces
 * Birgit Grodal (1943–2004), Danish mathematical economist, studied atomless economies
 * Ione Grogan (1891–1961), American schoolteacher, mathematics professor, and literary club leader
 * Edna Grossman, German-born American designer of the Data Encryption Standard and of the slide attack in cryptography
 * Marcia Groszek, American mathematician whose research concerns mathematical logic, set theory, forcing, and recursion theory
 * Gerd Grubb (born 1939), Danish expert on pseudodifferential operators
 * Helen G. Grundman, American number theorist
 * Weiqing Gu, Chinese-American researcher on differential geometry and the mathematics of cancer growth
 * Rebeca Guber (1926–2020), Argentine mathematician, founder of Argentine Calculation Society
 * Christine Guenther, American expert on the Ricci flow
 * Laura Guggenbühl (1901–1985), American mathematician known for her work in triangle geometry and the history of mathematics
 * Colette Guillopé, French researcher in partial differential equations and fluid dynamics, former president of femmes et mathématiques
 * Joséphine Guidy Wandja (born 1945), Ivorian mathematician
 * Alice Guionnet (born 1969), French probability theorist
 * Geneviève Guitel (1895–1982), French mathematician who studied natural-language numbering systems
 * Kanta Gupta (1938–2016), Indian-Canadian researcher on abstract algebra and group theory
 * Neena Gupta, Indian mathematician who solved the Zariski cancellation problem
 * Rona Gurkewitz, American mathematician and computer scientist known for her work on modular origami
 * Margaret Gurney (1908–2002), American mathematician, survey statistician, and pioneering computer programmer
 * Rochelle Gutierrez, American education theorist who studies the impacts of race, class and language on mathematics education
 * Simone Gutt (born 1956), Belgian differential geometer
 * Martha Guzmán Partida, Mexican functional analyst

H

 * Ruth Haas, American mathematician known for mentorship of other women mathematicians
 * Violet B. Haas (1926–1986), American control theorist
 * Naomi Habib, Israeli computational neuroscientist who researches genomics and genome engineering
 * Olga Hadžić (1946–1995), Serbian expert on fixed-point theorems
 * Dörte Haftendorn (born 1948), German mathematician, mathematics educator, and textbook author
 * Kari Hag (born 1941), Norwegian expert on quasiconformal mappings
 * Elisabeth Hagemann (born 1906), early German female doctorate in mathematics
 * Marjorie Hahn (born 1948), American probability theorist and tennis player
 * Deborah Tepper Haimo (1921–2007), Ukrainian-Palestinian-American classical analyst, third female president of the Mathematical Association of America
 * Susie W. Håkansson (born 1940), mathematics educator, director of the California Mathematics Project
 * Ursula Hamenstädt (born 1961), German differential geometry
 * Christine Hamill (1923–1956), English mathematician specializing in group theory and finite geometry
 * Mary-Elizabeth Hamstrom (1927–2009), American topologist
 * Xiaoying Han, Chinese mathematician who studies random dynamical systems and stochastic differential equations
 * Gila Hanna (born 1934), Canadian mathematics educator and philosopher of mathematics
 * Anita Hansbo (born 1960), Swedish mathematician, rector of Jönköping University
 * Megumi Harada, Canadian expert on equivariant symplectic and algebraic geometry
 * Eleonor Harboure (1948–2022), first woman president of the Argentina Mathematical Union
 * Alison Harcourt (born 1929), Australian mathematician and statistician known for branch and bound algorithms and quantification of poverty in Australia
 * Frances Hardcastle (1866–1941), group theorist, one of the founders of the American Mathematical Society
 * Kathryn E. Hare (born 1959), Canadian expert in harmonic analysis
 * Valentina Harizanov, Serbian-American researcher in computability and model theory
 * Dorothee Haroske (born 1968), German expert on function spaces
 * Heather Harrington (born 1984), applied mathematician and algebraic systems biologist
 * Leona Harris, American mathematician and diversity activist
 * Pamela E. Harris, Mexican combinatorist and mathematics blogger
 * Jenny Harrison, American expert on generalized functions and minimal surfaces
 * Frances Harshbarger (1902–1987), one of the first female American mathematicians to receive a doctorate
 * Bertha Hart, American mathematician
 * Sarah B. Hart, British group theorist
 * Shelly Harvey, American researcher in knot theory, low-dimensional topology, and group theory
 * Mary Gertrude Haseman (1889–1979), American knot theorist
 * Asma Hassannezhad, Iranian spectral geometer
 * Maria Hasse (1921–2014), German graph theorist, set theorist, and category theorist, first female professor in science at TU Dresden
 * Rhonda Hatcher, American number theorist, winner of Haimo teaching award
 * Deanna Haunsperger, American mathematician, former president of the Mathematical Association of America
 * Jane M. Hawkins, American researcher in dynamic systems, complex dynamics, cellular automata, and Julia sets
 * Louise Hay (1935–1989), founding member of the Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Linda B. Hayden (born 1949), African-American mathematics educator and mathematical geoscientist known for mentorship of women and minorities
 * Ellen Hayes (1851–1930), American mathematician, astronomer, and political radical
 * Margaret Hayman (1923–1994), British mathematics educator, co-founder of British Mathematical Olympiad
 * Euphemia Lofton Haynes (1890–1980), first African-American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics
 * Nola Anderson Haynes (1897–1996), American mathematician, professor
 * Sarah D. Allen Oren Haynes (1836–1907), first female state librarian of Indiana and first female faculty member at Purdue University
 * Teresa W. Haynes (born 1953), American expert on domination in graphs
 * Emilie Virginia Haynsworth (1916–1985), American linear algebraist known for Schur complements and Haynsworth inertia additivity formula
 * Olive Hazlett (1890–1974), American algebraist at the University of Illinois
 * Sandra Mitchell Hedetniemi (born 1949), American researcher in graph theory and graph algorithms
 * Maria Heep-Altiner (born 1959), German mathematician and actuary
 * Jane Heffernan, Canadian mathematician who studies mathematical models for the spread of infectious disease
 * Katherine Heinrich (born 1954), Canadian combinatorialist, first female president of Canadian Mathematical Society
 * Christine Heitsch, American expert on the mathematics of RNA structure
 * Diane Henderson, American applied mathematician and experimental fluid dynamics researcher
 * Nadia Heninger (born 1982), American cryptographer, computer security expert, and computational number theorist
 * Cora Barbara Hennel (1888–1947), American mathematician, first woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics at the Indiana University
 * Dagmar R. Henney (born 1931), German-American expert on additive set-values and Banach spaces
 * Inge Henningsen (born 1941), statistician, writer and feminist
 * Allison Henrich (born 1980), American knot theorist
 * Shandelle Henson (born 1964), American mathematician and mathematical biologist, expert on population dynamics
 * Rebecca A. Herb (born 1948), American researcher in abstract algebra and Lie groups
 * Raphaèle Herbin, French expert on the finite volume method
 * Grete Hermann (1901–1984), German mathematician and philosopher also noted for her work in physics and education
 * Susan Hermiller, American group theorist
 * Norma Hernández (born 1934), American mathematics educator, studied factors affecting Mexican-American mathematics students
 * Constance Anne Herschel (1855–1939), British lecturer in natural sciences and mathematics
 * Patricia Hersh (born 1973), American expert on algebraic and topological combinatorics
 * Bobby Hersom (born 1929), British mathematician and computer scientist
 * Kathryn Hess (born 1967), American mathematician who uses algebraic topology to understand structures in neurology and materials science
 * Silvia Heubach, German-American mathematician specializing in enumerative combinatorics, combinatorial game theory, and bioinformatics
 * Gloria Conyers Hewitt (born 1935), early African-American female mathematics PhD, MAA governor
 * Laurie Heyer, American mathematician specializing in genomics and bioinformatics
 * Patricia Hiddleston (1933–2017), Scottish and Rhodesian mathematician
 * Aparna Higgins, Indian-American graph theorist known for encouraging undergraduate research
 * Raegan Higgins, American mathematician, co-director of the EDGE program for Women
 * Nancy Hingston, American differential geometer
 * Wei Ho, American arithmetic geometer
 * Hoàng Xuân Sính (born 1933), first female Vietnamese mathematician, student of Grothendieck, founder of Thang Long University
 * Catherine Hobbs (born 1968), British singularity theorist, applies geometry to robotics
 * Dorit S. Hochbaum (born 1949), American expert on approximation algorithms for facility location, covering and packing, and scheduling
 * Marlis Hochbruck (born 1964), German expert on matrix exponentials and their applications to differential equations
 * Maria Hoffmann-Ostenhof (born 1947), Austrian expert on the Schrödinger equation
 * Leslie Hogben, American mathematician specializing in graph theory and linear algebra, known for graduate mentorship
 * Nina Holden, Norwegian probability theorist
 * Judy A. Holdener (born 1965), American number theorist who simplified the proof of Touchard's theorem on perfect numbers
 * Barbara R. Holland (born 1976), New Zealand born Australian phylogeneticist
 * Lotte Hollands (born 1981), Dutch mathematical physicist
 * Tara S. Holm, American algebraic geometer and symplectic geometer
 * Olga Holtz (born 1973), Russian numerical analyst, winner of the European Mathematical Society Prize
 * Betty W. Holz (1919–2005), American mathematician and defense analyst
 * Jennifer Hom, American low-dimensional topologist
 * Dorothy McFadden Hoover (1918–2000), American human computer involved in the design of swept-wing aircraft
 * Grace Hopper (1906–1992), American computer scientist and United States Navy rear admiral
 * Eleanor Mollie Horadam (1921–2002), English-Australian mathematician, studied generalized integers, mother of Kathy
 * Kathy Horadam (born 1951), Australian mathematician, studies Hadamard matrices, daughter of Eleanor Mollie
 * Annick Horiuchi, French historian of Japanese mathematics
 * Anette Hosoi, American mechanical engineer, biophysicist, and mathematician, studies fluid dynamics, robotics, and bio-inspired design
 * Victoria Howle, American expert in numerical linear algebra, founded AWM essay contest
 * Susan Howson (born 1973), British mathematician known for work on algebraic number theory and arithmetic geometry
 * Rebecca Hoyle, British applied mathematician, expert on pattern formation
 * Celia Hoyles (born 1946), British mathematician, president of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
 * Christine Hrenya, American computational fluid dynamicist, expert in fluidization and multiphase flow
 * Pao-sheng Hsu, Mathematics educator, founder of AWM Teacher Partnership Program
 * Hu Hesheng (born 1928), differential geometer, president of Shanghai Mathematical Society, member of Chinese Academy of Science
 * Lan-Hsuan Huang, Taiwanese-American geometric analyst and relativity theorist
 * Katharina T. Huber (born 1965), German mathematical biologist, expert in the foundations and visualization of phylogeny
 * Verena Huber-Dyson (1923–2016), Swiss-American group theorist and logician, expert on undecidability in group theory
 * Annette Huber-Klawitter (born 1967), German algebraic geometer, expert in the Bloch–Kato conjectures
 * Vera Huckel, American human computer at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
 * Anne Lester Hudson, American expert in topological semigroups, mathematics educator, and mathematics competition coach
 * Hilda Phoebe Hudson (1881–1965), English researcher on Cremona transformations in algebraic geometry
 * Sabine Van Huffel (born 1958), Belgian applied mathematician, expert on total least squares and applications to medical diagnostics
 * Rhonda Hughes (born 1947), American wavelet researcher, president of the Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Deborah Hughes Hallett, mathematics education reformer
 * Birge Huisgen-Zimmermann (born 1946), German-American representation theorist and ring theorist
 * Dominique Hulin (born 1959), French differential geometer
 * Mabel Gweneth Humphreys (1911–2006), Canadian-American number theorist and namesake of the M. Gweneth Humphreys Award
 * Eugénie Hunsicker, American mathematician who works at the intersection of analysis, geometry and topology
 * Fern Hunt (born 1948), American mathematician known for her work in applied mathematics and mathematical biology
 * Bobbie Hunter, New Zealand educational theorist and mathematics educator
 * Louise Stokes Hunter (died 1988), American mathematics educator, first African-American woman with a degree from the University of Virginia
 * Joan Hutchinson (born 1945), American graph theorist who extended the planar separator theorem to graphs of higher genus
 * Marie Hušková (born 1942), Czech mathematician who worked in theoretical statistics and change-point problems
 * Hypatia (died 415), head of the Neoplatonic school at Alexandria, murdered by a Christian mob

I

 * Milagros D. Ibe (born 1931), Filipino mathematics educator, vice chancellor of the University of the Philippines Diliman
 * Rosalie Iemhoff (born 1969), Dutch logician
 * Mihaela Ignatova, Bulgarian mathematical analyst
 * Annette Imhausen (born 1970), German historian of ancient Egyptian mathematics
 * Tasha Inniss, first African-American woman to earn a Ph.D. from the University of Maryland, director of education for INFORMS
 * Eleny Ionel, Romanian-American symplectic geometer
 * Alessandra Iozzi (born 1959), Italian-American-Swiss geometric group theorist
 * Ilse Ipsen, German-American expert in numerical linear algebra
 * Valerie Isham (born 1947), British applied probabilist, president of Royal Statistical Society
 * Shihoko Ishii (born 1950), Japanese mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry
 * Vanaja Iyengar ( –2001), founding vice chancellor of Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, a women's university in Andhra Pradesh, India

J

 * Trachette Jackson (born 1972), researcher in mathematical oncology, second African-American woman to become a Sloan Fellow in mathematics
 * Jessie Marie Jacobs (1890–1954), fired from mathematics instructorship for having a child, aided husband Hermann Muller's Nobel-winning genetic research
 * Alex James, British and New Zealand applied mathematician, mathematical biologist, and epidemiologist
 * Cathérine Jami (born 1961), French historian of Chinese mathematics
 * Jeannette Janssen, Dutch and Canadian graph theorist
 * Monique Jeanblanc (born 1947), French financial mathematician
 * Lisa Jeffrey FRSC, Canadian expert in symplectic geometry and quantum field theory
 * Erica Jen, American applied mathematician, studies mathematical analysis of chaotic and complex behavior
 * Carrie Ichikawa Jenkins, Canadian philosopher of mathematics
 * Jacqueline Jensen-Vallin, American low-dimensional topologist, editor of MAA FOCUS
 * Svetlana Jitomirskaya (born 1966), Ukrainian mathematician working on dynamical systems and mathematical physics
 * Naomi Jochnowitz, American algebraic number theorist known for her mentorship of women in mathematics
 * Aimee Johnson, American expert on dynamical systems
 * Katherine Johnson (1918–2020), calculated the trajectory for Project Mercury and the 1969 Apollo 11 flight to the Moon
 * Marion Lee Johnson, African-American mathematician, helped calculate trajectories for the Apollo 11 Moon landing
 * Antonia J. Jones (1943–2010), British mathematician and computer scientist
 * Eleanor Jones (1929–2021), one of the first African American women to receive a PhD in mathematics
 * Shelly M. Jones, American mathematics educator
 * Nataša Jonoska (born 1961), Macedonian-American expert in DNA computing
 * Kerstin Jordaan, president of South African Mathematical Society
 * Artishia Wilkerson Jordan (1901–1974), African-American mathematics educator and clubwoman
 * Nicole M. Joseph, American scholar of mathematics education focusing on the experiences of African-American women and girls in mathematics
 * Nalini Joshi, researcher in differential equations, Australian Laureate Fellow, Hardy Lecturer, president of Australian Mathematical Society
 * Josephine Jue, Chinese-American mathematician, compiler, and programmer, first Asian-American woman at NASA

K

 * Margarethe Kahn (1880–c. 1942), one of the first female German doctorates, contributed to Hilbert's sixteenth problem
 * Suzan Kahramaner (1913–2006), one of the first female mathematicians in Turkish academia
 * Delaram Kahrobaei, Iranian-American applied algebraist and post-quantum cryptographer
 * Gabriele Kaiser, German mathematics educator
 * Nataliya Kalashnykova, Soviet-Mexican expert on bilevel optimization
 * Efstratia Kalfagianni, Greek-American topologist
 * Eva Kallin, American researcher in geometric axiom systems, functional algebra, and polynomial convexity
 * Gudrun Kalmbach (born 1937), German quantum logician
 * Anne-Sophie Kaloghiros, French algebraic geometer
 * Barbara Kaltenbacher, Austrian applied analyst, president of Austrian Mathematical Society
 * Hermine Agavni Kalustyan (1914–1989), Armenian-Turkish mathematician and politician
 * Constance Kamii (died 2023), Swiss-Japanese-American mathematics education scholar and psychologist
 * Shoshana Kamin (born 1930), Soviet-Israeli mathematical physicist, wrote about parabolic partial differential equations
 * Rosella Kanarik (1909–2014), American mathematics professor and educator
 * Mihyun Kang, South Korean graph theorist
 * Chiu-Yen Kao (born 1974), Taiwanese-American expert in image processing and mathematical biology
 * Gizem Karaali, Turkish representation theorist, founding editor of Journal of Humanistic Mathematics
 * Mary Cordia Karl (1893–1984), American geometer
 * Carol Karp (1926–1972), American researcher on infinitary logic, viola player
 * Yael Karshon (born 1964), Israeli-Canadian expert on symplectic geometry
 * Elaine Kasimatis, American discrete geometer and mathematics educator
 * Haya Kaspi (born 1948), Israeli probability theorist
 * Fanny Kassel (born 1984), French expert on Lie groups
 * Svetlana Katok (born 1947), Russian-American founder of Electronic Research Announcements of the AMS
 * Yoshie Katsurada (1911–1980), Japanese differential geometer, first Japanese woman with a doctorate or professorship in mathematics
 * Bruria Kaufman (1918–2010), Israeli theoretical physicist who collaborated with Einstein on general relativity
 * Kathleen Kavanagh, American mathematician, applies simulation-based engineering to water quality and sustainability
 * Elham Kazemi (born 1970), Iranian-American mathematics educator
 * Ailsa Keating, French-British symplectic geometer
 * Rinat Kedem (born 1965), American mathematician and mathematical physicist
 * Linda Keen (born 1940), American mathematician and computer scientist, president of AWM
 * Lyudmila Keldysh (1904–1976), Russian set theorist and geometric topologist
 * Ruth Kellerhals (born 1957), Swiss expert on hyperbolic geometry, geometric group theory and polylogarithm identities
 * Julia Kempe, French, German, and Israeli researcher in quantum computing
 * Claribel Kendall (1889–1965), one of the founders of the Rocky Mountain Section of the MAA
 * Juliette Kennedy, mathematical logician in Finland
 * Patricia Clark Kenschaft (born 1940), American mathematician, prolific book author, and activist for equity and diversity
 * Autumn Kent, American mathematician specializing in topology and geometry, promoter of transgender rights
 * Deborah Kent (born 1978), American historian of mathematics
 * Leah Keshet, Israeli-Canadian mathematical biologist, first female president of the Society for Mathematical Biology
 * Radha Kessar, Indian mathematician known for her research in the representation theory of finite groups
 * Jennifer Key, South African mathematician, expert on group theory, finite geometry, combinatorial designs, and coding theory
 * Barbara Keyfitz (born 1944), Canadian-American researcher on nonlinear partial differential equations, president of AWM and ICIAM
 * Lily Khadjavi, American mathematician, author on mathematics for social justice
 * 'Mamphono Khaketla (born 1960), Lesotho mathematician, senator, and finance minister
 * Olga Kharlampovich (born 1958), Russian-Canadian group theorist who solved the Tarski conjecture on first-order theories of free groups
 * Carolyn Kieran, Canadian mathematics educator
 * Anna Kiesenhofer (born 1991), Austrian cyclist and mathematical physicist
 * Misha Kilmer, American applied mathematician known for research in numerical linear algebra and scientific computing
 * Eun Jung Kim, South Korean researcher in parameterized complexity and graph width
 * Ju-Lee Kim (born 1969), Korean-American expert on the representation theory of p-adic groups
 * Chawne Kimber (born 1971), African-American mathematician and quilter, incorporates social justice into mathematics teaching
 * Amy C. King (1928–2014), American mathematics educator
 * Angie Turner King (1905–2004), American mathematics and chemistry educator
 * Karen D. King (1971–2019), African-American mathematics educator and Falconer Lecturer
 * L. Christine Kinsey, American topologist and textbook author
 * Faina Mihajlovna Kirillova (born 1931), Belarusian optimal control theorist
 * Vivien Kirk, New Zealand dynamical systems theorist, president of New Zealand Mathematical Society
 * Ellen Kirkman, American algebraist
 * Denise Kirschner, American mathematical biologist and immunologist
 * Frances Kirwan (born 1959), British specialist in algebraic and symplectic geometry
 * Virginia Kiryakova, Bulgarian mathematician, expert on fractional calculus and special functions
 * Jane Kister, British-American mathematical logician, editor of Mathematical Reviews
 * Tinne Hoff Kjeldsen, Danish researcher in mathematics education and the philosophy and history of mathematics
 * Kathrin Klamroth (born 1968), German expert on combinatorial optimization and facility location
 * Erica Klarreich (born 1972), American geometer and writer
 * Maria Klawe (born 1951), Canadian-American theoretical computer scientist, president of Harvey Mudd College
 * Caroline Klivans, American algebraic combinatorist, expert on chip-firing games
 * Małgorzata Klimek (born 1957), Polish mathematician, expert on fractional calculus
 * Genevieve M. Knight (1939–2021), African-American mathematics educator
 * Julia F. Knight, American specialist in model theory and computability theory
 * Sarah Koch (born 1979), American complex analyst and complex dynamicist
 * Eleanor Krawitz Kolchin (1927–2019), American mathematician, programmer, and astronomer, calculated orbits for the Apollo program
 * Tamara G. Kolda, American applied mathematician at Sandia National Laboratories
 * Natalia Komarova, Russian-American mathematician, studies cancer, language, gun control, pop music, and other complex systems
 * Nancy Kopell (born 1942), American researcher in the dynamics of the nervous system
 * Elaine Koppelman (1937–2019), American mathematician
 * Maria Korovina (born 1962), Russian research on functional spaces and differential equations
 * Yvette Kosmann-Schwarzbach (born 1941), French differential geometer, namesake of the Kosmann lift
 * Ekaterina Kostina, Belarusian-German expert on nonlinear optimization
 * Motoko Kotani (born 1960), Japanese discrete geometric analyst and academic administrator
 * Sofya Kovalevskaya (1850–1891), first major Russian female mathematician, worked in analysis, differential equations and mechanics
 * Bryna Kra (born 1966), American mathematician who applies dynamical systems in number theory and combinatorics
 * Edna Kramer (1902–1984), American mathematician and author of mathematics books
 * Gunilla Kreiss (born 1958), Swedish numerical analyst
 * Cecilia Krieger (1894–1974), third person and first woman to earn a Canadian mathematics PhD, translator of Sierpiński
 * Holly Krieger, American dynamical systems theorist
 * Anna Zofia Krygowska (1904–1988), Polish mathematician known for her work in mathematics education
 * Ewa Kubicka, Polish-American graph theorist and actuarial scientist
 * Vera Kublanovskaya (1920–2012), Russian inventor of the QR algorithm for computing eigenvalues and eigenvectors
 * Daniela Kühn (born 1973), German-English combinatorialist, expert on infinite graphs, winner of the Whitehead Prize
 * Radhika Kulkarni, Indian-American operations researcher, president of INFORMS
 * Angela Kunoth (born 1963), German numerical analyst
 * Frances Kuo, Taiwanese-Australian applied mathematician, expert on quasi-Monte Carlo methods
 * Krystyna Kuperberg (born 1944), Polish-American topologist who found a smooth counterexample to the Seifert conjecture
 * Věra Kůrková (born 1948), Czech expert in neural networks and approximation theory
 * Rachel Kuske (born 1965), American-Canadian expert on stochastic and nonlinear dynamics, asymptotic methods, and industrial mathematics
 * Klavdija Kutnar (born 1980), Slovenian algebraic graph theorist and academic administrator
 * Gitta Kutyniok (born 1972), German researcher in harmonic analysis, compressed sensing, and image processing

L

 * Izabella Łaba (born 1966), Polish-Canadian specialist in harmonic analysis, geometric measure theory, and additive combinatorics
 * Carole Lacampagne, American mathematician known for her work in mathematics education and gender equality
 * Christine Ladd-Franklin (1847–1930), American psychologist, logician, and mathematician
 * Jeanne LaDuke (born 1938), American child actress, mathematical analyst, and historian of mathematics
 * Olga Ladyzhenskaya (1922–2004), Soviet mathematician, proved convergence of a finite difference method for Navier–Stokes
 * V. Lakshmibai, Indian-American expert on flag varieties and Schubert varieties
 * Matilde Lalín, Argentine-Canadian number theorist, expert on L-functions and Mahler measure
 * Ailsa Land, British operations researcher known for developing branch and bound algorithms
 * Susan Landau (born 1954), American mathematician and computer scientist, known for internet security and denesting radicals
 * Mary Landers (1905–1991), American mathematician, activist for academic collective bargaining
 * Kerry Landman, Australian applied mathematician
 * Alicia Prieto Langarica, American applied mathematician
 * Tanja Lange, German number theorist and cryptographer
 * Amy Langville (born 1975), American college basketball star and expert on ranking systems
 * Loredana Lanzani (born 1965), Italian-American harmonic analyst
 * Glenda Lappan (born 1939), developed Connected Mathematics curriculum, led National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
 * Gillie Larew (1882–1977), American mathematician, first alumna of Randolph–Macon Woman's College to become full professor there
 * Jean Ann Larson, American set theorist and historian of mathematical logic
 * Elisabeth Larsson (born 1971), Swedish researcher in scientific computing
 * Irena Lasiecka (born 1948), Polish-American expert in control theory of partial differential equations
 * Renu C. Laskar (born 1932), Indian-American graph theorist, specialist in domination numbers and circular arc graphs
 * Klavdiya Latysheva (1897–1956), Soviet mathematician, contributed to differential equations, electrodynamics and probability
 * Monique Laurent (born 1960), French-Dutch expert in mathematical optimization
 * Kristin Lauter (born 1969), American researcher in elliptic curve cryptography, president of AWM
 * Anna Lawniczak (born 1953), Polish-Canadian applied mathematician and cellular automatist
 * Emille D. Lawrence, American topological graph theorist
 * Ruth Lawrence (born 1971), child prodigy, British-Israeli researcher in knot theory and algebraic topology
 * Snezana Lawrence, Yugoslav and British historian of mathematics
 * Anneli Cahn Lax (1922–1999), American mathematician, winner of the George Pólya Award
 * Anita Layton, Hong Kong-American applied mathematician who studies mathematical models of kidney function
 * Katherine Puckett Layton, American mathematics educator and textbook author
 * Lê Thị Thanh Nhàn (born 1970), Vietnamese mathematician, vice rector for Science at Thái Nguyên University, won Kovalevskaya Prize
 * Alice Lee (1858–1939), helped discredit craniology
 * Heisook Lee (born 1948), South Korean algebraist and algebraic coding theorist
 * Hollylynne Lee, American mathematics and statistics educator
 * Joceline Lega, French applied mathematician interested in nonlinear dynamics
 * Anne M. Leggett, American mathematical logician, editor of AWM Newsletter
 * Emma Lehmer (1906–2007), Russian-American mathematician known for work on reciprocity laws in algebraic number theory
 * Marguerite Lehr (1898–1987), pioneer in the use of television to teach mathematics
 * Tanya Leise, American biomathematician, expert in circadian rhythms
 * Joan Leitzel (born 1936), American mathematics educator and university administrator
 * Miriam Leiva, Cuban-American mathematics educator
 * Anne Lemaître (born 1957), Belgian applied mathematician, expert on orbital resonance and space debris
 * Mary Leng, British philosopher of mathematics
 * Frédérique Lenger (1921–2005), Belgian mathematics educator and leader of the New Math movement
 * Suzanne Lenhart (born 1954), American researcher in partial differential equations, president of AWM
 * Ulrike Leopold-Wildburger (born 1949), Austrian mathematical economist, applied mathematician, and operations researcher
 * Katrin Leschke (born 1968), German differential geometer, quaternionic analyst, and minimal surface theorist
 * Nandi Olive Leslie, American industrial mathematician
 * Gail Letzter (born 1960), American quantum group representation theorist and intelligence agency executive
 * Annie Leuch-Reineck (1880–1978), Swiss mathematician and women's rights activist
 * Debbie Leung, Canadian expert in quantum communications
 * Rachel Levy (born 1968), American applied mathematician, mathematics educator, and blogger
 * Sophia Levy (1888–1963), American astronomer, numerical analyst, and mathematics educator
 * Marta Lewicka (born 1972), Polish expert in nonlinear elasticity
 * Florence Lewis (1877–1964), American mathematician and astronomer
 * Marie Lhuissier (born 1989), French mathematical storyteller and children's book author
 * Jing-Rebecca Li, applied mathematician in France, studies magnetic resonance imaging and Lyapunov equations
 * Sherry Li, Chinese-American developer of sparse parallel solvers for systems of linear equations
 * Winnie Li (born 1948), Chinese-American researcher in number theory, coding theory, automorphic forms, and spectral graph theory
 * Paulette Libermann (1919–2007), French specialist in differential geometry
 * Pamela Liebeck (1930–2012), British mathematician and mathematics educator
 * Lillian Rosanoff Lieber (1886–1986), American mathematics professor and author of popular books on science and mathematics
 * Magnhild Lien, Norwegian mathematician specializing in knot theory
 * Nelly Litvak (born 1972), Russian and Dutch complex network theorist
 * Elizaveta Litvinova (1845–c. 1919), Russian mathematician and biographer, defied czar's order forbidding women to study abroad
 * Bonnie Litwiller (1937–2012), American mathematics educator and textbook author
 * Marie Litzinger (1899–1952), American number theorist
 * Chiu-Chu Melissa Liu (born 1974), Taiwanese-American researcher in algebraic geometry and symplectic geometry
 * Naomi Livesay (1916–2001), human computer and mechanical calculator programmer for the Manhattan Project
 * Klara Löbenstein (1883–1968), German researcher in algebraic geometry
 * Patti Frazer Lock (born 1953), American mathematics and statistics educator and textbook author
 * Deborah Frank Lockhart, administrator at the National Science Foundation
 * Susan Loepp (born 1967), American algebraist and cryptographer
 * Marina Logares (born 1976), Spanish geometer and LGBT+ activist
 * Mayme Logsdon (1881–1967), American algebraic geometer and mathematics educator
 * Louise Zung-nyi Loh (1900–1981), Chinese mathematician, physicist, and educator
 * Sara Lombardo, Italian mathematician, expert on rogue waves and integrable systems
 * Ling Long (mathematician), Chinese-American expert on modular forms, elliptic surfaces, and dessins d'enfants
 * Lynette Long, American psychologist, mathematics educator, and textbook author
 * Carlotta Longo (1895- after 1959), Italian mathematical physicist and high school teacher
 * Judith Q. Longyear (1938–1995), American researcher in graph theory and combinatorics
 * Maria Laura Moura Mouzinho Leite Lopes (1917–2013), first Brazilian woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics
 * Paola Loreti, Italian researcher in Fourier analysis, control theory, and non-integer bases
 * Lisa Lorentzen, Norwegian mathematician and author, specializing in continued fractions
 * Dawn Lott, African-American expert on numerical partial differential equations
 * Ada Lovelace (1815–1852), wrote the first computer program as part of her work on Babbage's Analytical Engine
 * María Teresa Lozano Imízcoz (born 1946), Spanish low-dimensional topologist
 * Sylvia Chin-Pi Lu (1928–2014), Chinese-American commutative algebraist
 * Katarzyna Lubnauer (born 1969), Polish probability theorist and politician
 * Edith Hirsch Luchins (1921–2002), Polish-American mathematician, experimented on psychology of mathematical problem solving
 * Maria Silvia Lucido (1963–2008), Italian mathematician, expert on the prime graphs of finite groups
 * Malwina Łuczak, Polish-Australian probability theorist
 * Monika Ludwig (born 1966), Austrian researcher in convex geometry, member of Austrian Academy of Sciences
 * Alessandra Lunardi (born 1958), Italian mathematical analyst
 * Xiaoyu Luo, Chinese and British applied mathematician, applies fluid dynamics and biomechanics to soft tissues
 * Élisabeth Lutz (1914–2008), French student of Weil, showed how to compute torsion subgroups of elliptic curves
 * Julie Lutz (born 1944), American astronomer and mathematician who studies planetary nebulae and symbiotic binary stars
 * Sonja Lyttkens (1919–2014), Swedish mathematician, first Swedish woman to obtain a permanent academic position in mathematics

M

 * Odile Macchi (born 1943), French mathematician and physicist
 * Marta Macho Stadler (born 1962), Basque expert on foliations and mathematical blogger
 * Barbara MacCluer, American expert on operator theory and author on functional analysis
 * Brenda MacGibbon, Canadian mathematician, statistician, and decision scientist
 * Sheila Scott Macintyre (1910–1960), Scottish researcher on the Whittaker constant, co-author of German–English mathematics dictionary
 * Iris Mack (1956–2022), American financial mathematician and edutainment author
 * Annie MacKinnon (1868–1940), Canadian-born American mathematician, third woman to earn a mathematics doctorate at an American university
 * Diane Maclagan (born 1974), expert on toric varieties, Hilbert schemes, and tropical geometry
 * Chrystal Macmillan (1872–1937), Scottish Liberal politician, barrister, feminist and pacifist, first female honours graduate in mathematics from University of Edinburgh
 * Jessie MacWilliams (1917–1990), English researcher on error-correcting codes
 * Kathleen Madden, American expert on dynamical systems
 * Isabel Maddison (1869–1950), British mathematician known for her work on differential equations
 * Penelope Maddy (born 1950), American philosopher of mathematics
 * Urmila Mahadev, American quantum computing researcher
 * Dorothy Maharam (1917–2014), American mathematician who made important contributions to measure theory
 * Carolyn A. Maher, American expert in mathematics education
 * Carolyn Mahoney (born 1946), African-American combinatorialist, president of Lincoln University of Missouri
 * Apala Majumdar, British expert on liquid crystals
 * Larisa Maksimova (born 1943), Russian mathematical logician
 * Agnieszka Malinowska, Polish expert on fractional calculus and the calculus of variations
 * Maryanthe Malliaris, American mathematician specializing in model theory
 * Marie-Paule Malliavin (1935–2019), French algebraist
 * Vivienne Malone-Mayes (1932–1995), fifth African-American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics, researcher in functional analysis
 * Eugenia Malinnikova (born 1974), Russian-Norwegian expert in functional analysis and partial differential equations
 * Claudia Malvenuto (born 1965), Italian mathematician known for her work on the Hopf algebra of permutations
 * Michelle Manes, American mathematician interested in number theory, algebraic geometry, and dynamical systems
 * Kathryn Mann, geometric topologist and geometric group theorist
 * Cristina Manolache, British algebraic geometer
 * Renata Mansini (born 1968), Italian applied mathematician, uses mathematical optimization for portfolio balancing
 * Elizabeth Mansfield, Australian expert on moving frames and conservation laws
 * Lisa Mantini, American mathematician
 * Elena Mantovan, Italian-American arithmetic geometer
 * María Manzano (born 1950), Spanish mathematical logician
 * Elena Marchisotto (born 1945), American mathematician, mathematics educator, and historian of mathematics
 * Anna Marciniak-Czochra (born 1974), Polish applied mathematician and mathematical biologist
 * Matilde Marcolli (born 1969), Italian mathematical physicist
 * Fotini Markopoulou-Kalamara (born 1971), Greek theoretical physicist interested in foundational mathematics and quantum mechanics
 * Hannah Markwig (born 1980), German researcher in tropical geometry
 * Alison Marr (born 1980), American graph theorist and advocate of inquiry-based learning
 * Karen Marrongelle, American mathematics educator and academic administrator
 * Bethany Rose Marsh, British expert in cluster algebras and tilting theory
 * Susan H. Marshall, American number theorist
 * Maia Martcheva, Bulgarian-American mathematical biologist
 * Laura Martignon (born 1952), Colombian-Italian researcher in neuroscience and decision-making
 * Emilie Martin (1869–1936), American group theorist
 * Mireille Martin-Deschamps, French algebraic geometer, president of Société mathématique de France
 * Consuelo Martínez (born 1955), Spanish algebraist
 * María del Carmen Martínez Sancho (1901–1995), first woman in Spain to gain a PhD in Mathematics
 * Verónica Martínez de la Vega (born 1971), Mexican hypertopologist
 * Katalin Marton (1941–2019), Hungarian information and probability theorist
 * Susan Martonosi, American mathematician, applies operations research to counter-terrorism, epidemiology, and sports analytics
 * Roswitha März (born 1940), German expert on differential-algebraic equations
 * Verdiana Masanja (born 1954), first Tanzanian woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics
 * Joanna Masingila (born 1960), American mathematics educator
 * Vera Nikolaevna Maslennikova (1926–2000), Russian researcher on partial differential equations, hydrodynamics of rotating fluids, and function spaces
 * Maura Mast, Irish-American differential geometer, mathematics educator, textbook author, and academic administrator
 * Claire Mathieu (born 1965), French algorithms researcher
 * Gordana Matic, Croatian-American low-dimensional topologist, expert on contact topology
 * Kaisa Matomäki (born 1985), Finnish number theorist known for her work on multiplicative functions over short intervals
 * Gretchen Matthews (born 1973), American algebraic coding theorist
 * Laura Matusevich, Argentine commutative algebraist
 * Margaret Maxfield (1926–2016), American mathematician and mathematics book author
 * Lola J. May (1923–2007), American mathematics educator and early proponent of new math
 * Svitlana Mayboroda (born 1981), Ukrainian-American expert on boundary value problems for elliptic partial differential equations
 * Ellen Maycock (born 1950), American functional analyst and mathematics educator
 * Joanna Isabel Mayer (1904–1991), American mathematician and educator
 * Francesca Mazzia (born 1967), Italian numerical analyst
 * Anna Mazzucato, American expert on fluid dynamics
 * Shirley McBay (1935–2021), first African-American doctorate at the University of Georgia
 * Mary McCammon (c. 1928 – 2008), first woman to complete a doctoral degree in mathematics at Imperial College London
 * Maeve McCarthy, Irish mathematician interested in inverse problems and biological modeling
 * Lynne McClure, British mathematics educator
 * Allison McCoy, American bioinformatician specializing in applied clinical informatics
 * Dorothy McCoy (1903–2001), American mathematician, first female doctorate in mathematics at University of Iowa
 * Janet McDonald (1905–2006), American geometer
 * Dusa McDuff FRS (born 1945), English researcher on symplectic geometry, winner of Satter Prize, first female Hardy Lecturer
 * Elizabeth McHarg (1923–1999), Scottish mathematician and translator, first female president of Edinburgh Mathematical Society
 * Lois Curfman McInnes, American researcher on numerical solution of nonlinear partial differential equations for scientific applications
 * Camille McKayle (born 1964), Afro-Jamaican-American mathematician and academic administrator
 * Danica McKellar (born 1975), American actor, author, mathematician, and education advocate
 * Joyce McLaughlin (1939–2017), American researcher in inverse problems
 * Jeanette McLeod, New Zealand combinatorialist, popularizes mathematics through crochet and origami
 * Jennifer McLoud-Mann, Cherokee mathematician who discovered the 15th and last class of convex pentagons that tile the plane
 * Jenny McNulty, American matroid theorist and academic administrator
 * Sallie Pero Mead (1893–1981), American human computer and radar engineer
 * Catherine Meadows, American cryptographer who formally verifies cryptographic protocols
 * Florence Marie Mears (1896–1995), American specialist in summation methods
 * Elizabeth Meckes (1980–2020), American probability theorist
 * Nicole Megow, German discrete mathematician and theoretical computer scientist, researcher in scheduling algorithms
 * Ulrike Meier Yang, German-American expert on numerical algorithms for scientific computing
 * Beatrice Meini (born 1968), Italian computational mathematician and numerical analyst
 * Sylvie Méléard, French probability theorist
 * Pauline Mellon, Irish functional analyst, president of Irish Mathematical Society
 * Karin Melnick, American differential geometer
 * Teresa Melo (born 1966), Portuguese mathematician and operations researcher
 * Florence Merlevède, French probability theorist
 * Helen Abbot Merrill (1864–1949), American mathematician, educator and textbook author
 * Winifred Edgerton Merrill (1862–1951), first woman with a degree from Columbia University and first American female doctorate in mathematics
 * Adele Merritt, American applied mathematician and intelligence officer
 * Uta Merzbach (1933–2017), German-American historian of mathematics, first Smithsonian curator of mathematical instruments
 * Vilma Mesa, Colombian-American mathematics educator
 * Chikako Mese, American differential geometer
 * Jill P. Mesirov, American mathematician, computer scientist, and computational biologist, president of AWM
 * Jaqueline Mesquita (born 1985), Brazilian mathematician specializing in differential equations
 * Dora Metcalf (1892–1982), British mathematician and data analysis entrepreneur
 * Ida Martha Metcalf (1857–1952), second American female doctorate in mathematics
 * Catherine Meusburger (born 1978), German mathematical physicist interested in string theory
 * Ariane Mézard, French arithmetic geometer
 * Marie-Louise Michelsohn (born 1941), American researcher on complex geometry, spin manifolds, the Dirac operator, and algebraic cycles
 * Ruth I. Michler (1967–2000), American commutative algebraist and algebraic geometer
 * Kaisa Miettinen (born 1965), Finnish industrial optimization researcher and academic administrator
 * Ana Millán Gasca (born 1964), Spanish historian of science and scholar of mathematics education
 * Alison Miller, first American female gold medalist in the International Mathematical Olympiad, three-time Elizabeth Lowell Putnam award winner
 * Laura Miller, American mathematician, applies fluid dynamics to insect flight and jellyfish propulsion
 * Maggie Miller, American low-dimensional topologist
 * Mirka Miller (1949–2016), Czech-Australian graph theorist, data security expert
 * Margaret Millington (1944–1973), English expert on modular forms
 * Susan Milner, Canadian mathematics educator, popularizer of mathematics through puzzles and games
 * Eva Miranda, Spanish expert on symplectic dynamics
 * Marie Lynn Miranda, American data scientist and professor of applied computational mathematics and statistics
 * Rosa M. Miró-Roig (born 1960), Spanish algebraic geometer and commutative algebraist
 * Maryam Mirzakhani (1977–2017), first female Fields medalist; researcher on the symmetry of curved surfaces
 * Yuliya Mishura, Ukrainian probability theorist and mathematical finance expert
 * Josephine M. Mitchell (1912–2000), Canadian-American mathematical analyst, victim of discriminative application of anti-nepotism rules
 * Dorina Mitrea (born 1965), Romanian-American functional analyst and mathematics educator
 * Irina Mitrea, Romanian-American researcher in partial differential equations known for outreach to women and minorities
 * Yash Mittal (born 1941), first female program director for probability at US National Science Foundation
 * Atsuko Miyaji (born 1965), Japanese cryptographer and number theorist
 * Reiko Miyaoka (born 1951), Japanese geometer known for her research on hypersurfaces
 * Fatma Moalla (born 1939), first Tunisian woman to earn a French doctorate in mathematics
 * Colette Moeglin (born 1953), French expert on automorphic forms
 * Joanne Moldenhauer (1928–2016), American high school mathematics teacher
 * Amanda Montejano, Mexican graph theorist, expert in coloring geometric graphs
 * Clemency Montelle (born 1977), New Zealand historian of Indian mathematics and astronomy
 * Susan Montgomery (born 1943), American researcher in noncommutative algebra
 * Helen Moore, American mathematician who applies control theory to combination therapy in the health industry
 * Cathleen Synge Morawetz (1923–2017), Canadian-American researcher on the partial differential equations governing fluid flow
 * Anne C. Morel, American logician, order theorist, and algebraist, first female full professor of mathematics at the University of Washington
 * Sophie Morel (born 1979), French number theorist and contributor to the Langlands program, first female tenured mathematics professor at Harvard
 * Eugenie Maria Morenus (1881–1966), American mathematician and professor
 * Susan Morey, American mathematician specializing in commutative algebra
 * Carolyn Morgan, American statistician and applied mathematician
 * Hélène Morlon (born 1978), French mathematical biologist, models biodiversity
 * Irene Moroz, British applied mathematician
 * Joy Morris (born 1970), Canadian researcher on groups and graphs
 * Kirsten Morris (born 1960), Canadian control theorist
 * Rosa M. Morris (1914–2011), Welsh applied mathematician and aerodynamicist
 * Jennifer Morse, American algebraic combinatorialist
 * Rose Morton (1925–1999), American expert in the mathematical modeling of bubbles
 * Joan Moschovakis, American intuitionistic logician
 * Ruth Moufang (1905–1977), German researcher on non-associative algebraic structures, namesake of Moufang loops
 * Magdalena Mouján (1926–2005), Argentine mathematician of Basque descent, operations researcher, computing pioneer, and science fiction author
 * Nežka Mramor–Kosta, Slovenian mathematician
 * Jennifer Mueller, American applied mathematician, expert in inverse problems and electrical impedance tomography
 * Edith Alice Müller (1918–1995), Swiss mathematician and astronomer, studied the group theory of Moorish tile designs
 * Anna Mullikin (1893–1975), American mathematician, early investigator of point set theory
 * Irene Mulvey, American mathematician, president of American Association of University Professors
 * Anca Muscholl (born 1967), Romanian-German mathematical logician and theoretical computer scientist
 * Kieka Mynhardt (born 1953), South African and Canadian expert on dominating sets in graph theory
 * Emmy Murphy, American symplectic geometer
 * Cecilia Wangechi Mwathi (1963–2011), Kenyan mathematician and union activist, first woman in Kenya to become a mathematics professor
 * Valerie Myerscough (1942–1980), British mathematician and astrophysicist
 * Vera Myller (1880–1970), Russian mathematician and student of David Hilbert, first female professor in Romania
 * Wendy Myrvold, Canadian graph theorist, combinatorist, and algorithms researcher

N

 * Anna Nagurney, Ukrainian-American mathematician, economist, educator and author in operations management
 * Hasibun Naher, Pakistani applied mathematician who studies tsunamis
 * Andrea R. Nahmod (born 1964), American expert in nonlinear Fourier analysis, harmonic analysis, and partial differential equations
 * Pia Nalli (1884–1964), Italian researcher in functional analysis and tensor calculus
 * Seema Nanda, Indian researcher in applications of mathematics to biology, engineering and finance
 * Mangala Narlikar, Indian number theorist, author of Marathi-language mathematics books for schoolchildren
 * Tamilla Nasirova (1936–2023), Azerbaijani probability theorist
 * Sonia Natale (born 1972), Argentine expert in abstract algebra
 * Caryn Navy (born 1953), blind American researcher in set-theoretic topology and Braille technology
 * Lyudmyla Nazarova, Ukrainian representation theorist
 * Vicky Neale, British number theorist and mathematics popularizer
 * Gabriele Nebe (born 1967), German researcher on sphere packings, lattices, and codes
 * Deanna Needell, American applied mathematician, won 2016 IMA Prize in Mathematics and Applications
 * Sara Negri (born 1967), Italian-Finnish proof theorist
 * Evelyn Nelson (1943–1987), Canadian researcher in universal algebra with applications to theoretical computer science
 * Gail S. Nelson (born 1959), American mathematician, textbook author, and editor-in-chief of the MAA "Problem Books"
 * Nancy Neudauer, American matroid theorist known for her work in mathematical outreach in Africa and South America
 * Claudia Neuhauser (born 1962), German-American mathematical biologist whose research concerns spatial ecology
 * Hanna Neumann (1914–1971), German-born mathematician who worked on group theory
 * Adriana Neumann de Oliveira, Brazilian expert in interacting particle systems
 * Mara Neusel (1964–2014), German-American invariant theorist and advocate for women in mathematics
 * Monica Nevins (born 1973), Canadian algebraist
 * Virginia Newell (born 1917), American mathematics educator, author, politician, and centenarian
 * Mary Frances Winston Newson (1869–1959), first female American to receive a PhD in mathematics from a European university
 * Sylvia de Neymet (1939–2013), First Mexican woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics in Mexico
 * Purity Ngina, Kenyan biomathematician
 * Giang Nguyen (born 1985), Vietnamese-Australian applied mathematician and chess master
 * Aoibhinn Ní Shúilleabháin (born 1983), Irish celebrity and mathematics lecturer
 * Nancy K. Nichols, British applied mathematician and numerical analyst
 * Olympia Nicodemi, American mathematician and mathematics educator interested in wavelets and the history of mathematics
 * Phyllis Nicolson (1917–1968), British developer of the Crank–Nicolson method for solving partial differential equations
 * Barbara Niethammer (born 1963), German expert on the growth of particles in liquids
 * Sofía Nieto (born 1984), Spanish mathematician and actress
 * Nilima Nigam, Indian-Canadian applied mathematician and mathematical physiologist
 * Stanisława Nikodym (1897–1988), first Polish woman to earn PhD in mathematics, known for research in continuum theory
 * Mila Nikolova (1962–2018), Bulgarian researcher in image processing, inverse problems, and compressed sensing
 * Kumiko Nishioka (born 1954), Japanese specialist on transcendental numbers and Mahler functions
 * Wiesława Nizioł, Polish researcher in arithmetic algebraic geometry
 * Emmy Noether (1882–1935), German researcher in abstract algebra and theoretical physics, named "the greatest woman mathematician of all time"
 * Margarita Nolasco Santiago, Mathematics textbook author, member of Puerto Rico Senate
 * Khalida Inayat Noor, Pakistani mathematical analyst
 * Dorothée Normand-Cyrot, French control theorist
 * Anne van den Nouweland, Dutch-American cooperative game theorist
 * Isabella Novik (born 1971), Israeli-American expert on algebraic and geometric combinatorics
 * Frieda Nugel (1884–1966), one of the first German women to obtain a doctorate in mathematics
 * Helena J. Nussenzveig Lopes, Brazilian mathematician known for her research on incompressible Euler equations
 * Kaisa Nyberg (born 1948), Finnish cryptographer

O

 * Katharine Elizabeth O'Brien (1901–1986), American mathematician, musician and poet
 * Vivian O'Brien (1924–2010), American applied mathematician and physicist, expert in fluid dynamics and visual perception
 * Hilary Ockendon, British applied mathematician, expert in fluid dynamics
 * Ortrud Oellermann, South African and Canadian graph theorist
 * Yoshiko Ogata, Japanese quantum mathematical physicist
 * Frédérique Oggier, Swiss and Singaporean coding theorist
 * Hee Oh (born 1969), Korean-American dynamical systems theorist, expert on equidistribution in fractal structures
 * Eve Oja (1948–2019), Estonian functional analyst
 * Christine O'Keefe, Australian researcher in finite geometry and information security
 * Kathleen Adebola Okikiolu (born 1965), British-American researcher on differential operators, developed curricula for inner-city children
 * Dianne P. O'Leary (born 1951), American expert on scientific computing, computational linear algebra, and the history of scientific computing
 * Janis Oldham (1956–2021), African-American differential geometer and mathematics educator
 * Olga Oleinik (1925–2001), Soviet researcher on partial differential equations, elastic media, and boundary layers
 * Dorte Olesen (born 1948), first Danish mathematician to be appointed full professor
 * Gloria Olive (1923–2006), American-born New Zealand mathematician
 * Déborah Oliveros, Mexican discrete and convex geometer
 * Kathleen Ollerenshaw (1912–2014), British mathematician and politician, mayor of Manchester, educational advisor to Margaret Thatcher
 * Yewande Olubummo (born 1960), Nigerian-American functional analyst
 * Rebecca Walo Omana (born 1951), first female mathematics professor in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
 * Cathy O'Neil, American arithmetic algebraic geometer and author on the social hazards of machine learning
 * Eugenia O'Reilly-Regueiro, Mexican algebraic combinatorist
 * Rosa Orellana, American mathematician specializing in algebraic combinatorics and representation theory
 * Ewa Orłowska (born 1935), Polish logician
 * Omayra Ortega, American mathematical epidemiologist
 * Laura Ortíz-Bobadilla, Mexican expert on holomorphic foliations
 * Hinke Osinga (born 1969), Dutch expert in dynamical systems, crocheted the Lorenz manifold
 * Barbara L. Osofsky (born 1937), American algebraist, first woman in 50 years to address a national AMS meeting, first female AMS journal editor
 * Mina Ossiander, American probability theorist
 * Sofiya Ostrovska (born 1958), Ukrainian probability theorist and approximation theorist
 * Marie Françoise Ouedraogo (born 1967), Burkinabé expert on pseudodifferential operators and superalgebras, president of African Women in Mathematics Association
 * Helen Brewster Owens (1881–1968), American suffragette, associate editor of the American Mathematical Monthly
 * Robyn Owens, Australian applied mathematician, studies computer vision including face recognition and the imaging of lactation

P

 * Ietje Paalman-de Miranda (1936–2020), Surinamese–Dutch mathematician, first female mathematics professor at University of Amsterdam
 * Harriet Padberg (1922–2014), mathematician, music therapist, and pioneer of algorithmic music composition
 * Mariolina Padula (died 2012), Italian expert on fluid dynamics
 * Christina Pagel, British German operations researcher, applies data analysis and mathematical modelling to health care
 * Eleanor Pairman (1896–1973), Scottish mathematician, developed methods to teach mathematics to blind students
 * Ilona Palásti (1924–1991), Hungarian researcher in discrete geometry, geometric probability, and random graphs
 * Pandrosion (4th century AD), ancient Greek mathematician predating Hypatia, developed an approximation for cube roots
 * Erika Pannwitz (1904–1975), German geometric topologist who proved that every knot has a quadrisecant
 * Anna Panorska, Polish-American expert on extreme events in stochastic processes and on the effect of weather on baseball
 * Greta Panova (born 1983), Bulgarian-American algebraic combinatorist
 * Theoni Pappas (born 1944), American mathematics teacher and author of books on popular mathematics
 * Raman Parimala (born 1948), Indian mathematician known for her contributions to algebra
 * Clare Parnell (born 1970), British astrophysicist and applied mathematician, studies the mathematics of the sun and of magnetic fields
 * Haesun Park, Korean-American researcher in numerical analysis and the data sciences
 * Jinyoung Park, South Korean combinatorist
 * Karen Parshall (born 1955), American historian of mathematics
 * Griselda Pascual (1926–2001), Spanish algebraic number theorist and mathematics translator
 * Bozenna Pasik-Duncan, Polish-American control theorist and mathematics educator
 * Maria Pastori (1895–1975), Italian mathematician, specialist in rational mechanics
 * Christine Paulin-Mohring (born 1962), French mathematical logician and computer scientist, developer of Coq theorem prover
 * Barbara Paulson (1928–2023), American human computer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
 * Nataša Pavlović, Serbian–American expert in fluid dynamics and nonlinear dispersive equations
 * Sylvie Paycha (born 1960), French mathematician working in operator theory
 * Sandrine Péché (born 1977), French expert on random matrices
 * Jean Pedersen (1934–2016), American mathematician and author, expert on mathematical paper folding
 * Irena Peeva, American researcher in commutative algebra and its applications
 * Jeanne Peiffer (born 1948), Luxembourgian historian of mathematics
 * Magda Peligrad, Romanian probability theorist known for her work on stochastic processes
 * Beatrice Pelloni (born 1962), Italian expert on partial differential equations
 * Rose Peltesohn (1913–1998), German-Israeli researcher in additive combinatorics
 * Kirsi Peltonen, Finnish mathematician whose interests include differential geometry and the connections between mathematics and art
 * Charlotte Elvira Pengra (1875–1916), sixth American woman to receive a doctorate in mathematics
 * Cristina Pereyra (born 1964), Venezuelan mathematician, author of several books on wavelets and harmonic analysis
 * Hazel Perfect (died 2015), British combinatorialist, author, and translator, inventor of gammoids
 * Teri Perl (born 1926), American mathematics educator, educational software designer, and author
 * Bernadette Perrin-Riou (born 1955), French number theorist, winner of the Ruth Lyttle Satter Prize
 * Mary Perry Smith (1926–2015), American mathematics educator, founder of MESA program for under-privileged students
 * Karoline Pershell, American mathematician and roboticist
 * Laura Person, American low-dimensional topologist
 * Ilaria Perugia (born 1969), Italian applied mathematician and numerical analyst
 * Adriana Pesci, Argentine fluid dynamicist, expert on flagellar motion, soap films, and the Leidenfrost effect
 * Małgorzata Peszyńska (born 1962), Polish-American applied mathematician, models geological flow in porous media
 * Rózsa Péter (1905–1977), recursion theorist, first woman elected to the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
 * Stefanie Petermichl (born 1971), German-French mathematical analyst, first female winner of the Salem Prize
 * Louise Petrén-Overton (1880–1977), first Swedish woman with a doctorate in mathematics
 * Guergana Petrova, Bulgarian applied mathematician, uses numerical methods to solve differential equations
 * Sonja Petrović, American mathematical statistician
 * Linda Petzold (born 1954), researcher in differential algebraic equations and simulation, member of National Academy of Engineering
 * Julia Pevtsova, Russian-American representation theorist
 * Mamokgethi Phakeng (born 1966), first black female South African to earn a PhD in mathematics education
 * Flora Philip (1865–1943), first female member of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society
 * Cynthia A. Phillips, American expert on combinatorial optimization
 * Dominique Picard (born 1953), French expert on the statistical applications of wavelets
 * Sophie Piccard (1904–1990), Russian-Swiss mathematician, first female full professor in Switzerland
 * Lisa Piccirillo, American low-dimensional topologist
 * Ragni Piene (born 1947), Norwegian algebraic geometer, member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
 * Lillian Pierce, American mathematician whose research connects number theory with harmonic analysis
 * Johanna Piesch (1898–1992), Austrian pioneer in switching algebra
 * Marie Anne Victoire Pigeon (1724–1767), French mathematician, writer, and teacher
 * Faustina Pignatelli (d. 1785), princess of Colubrano, second woman elected to the Academy of Sciences of Bologna
 * Gabriella Pinzari, Italian expert on the $n$-body problem
 * Jill Pipher (born 1955), researcher in harmonic analysis, Fourier analysis, differential equations, and cryptography, president of AWM
 * Laura Pisati (died 1908), Italian mathematician, first woman invited to speak at International Congress of Mathematicians
 * Elena Cornaro Piscopia (1646–1684), Italian philosopher, musician, and mathematics lecturer, first woman to earn a doctorate
 * Toniann Pitassi, American-Canadian computational complexity theorist, expert on proof complexity
 * Shirley Pledger, New Zealand mathematician and statistician known for her work on mark and recapture methods
 * Vera Pless (1931–2020), American mathematician specializing in combinatorics and coding theory
 * Kim Plofker (born 1964), American historian of Indian mathematics, winner of the Brouwer Medal
 * Gerlind Plonka, German mathematician known for her work on refinable functions and curvelets
 * Eileen Poiani, American mathematician, first woman to teach mathematics at Saint Peter's University, first female president of Pi Mu Epsilon
 * Claudia Polini, Italian expert on commutative algebra
 * Harriet Pollatsek (born 1942), Lie theorist who has applied difference sets to error correcting codes and coding theory
 * Pelageya Polubarinova-Kochina (1899–1999), Soviet researcher in fluid mechanics, hydrodynamics, and history of mathematics
 * Elena Moldovan Popoviciu (1924–2009), Romanian functional analyst
 * Freda Porter (born 1957), American applied mathematician, groundwater consultant, and Native American leader
 * Claire Postlethwaite, New Zealand dynamical systems theorist
 * Yvonne Pothier (born 1937), Canadian mathematics educator, Catholic nun, and activist for refugees
 * Marian Pour-El (1928–2009), American mathematical logician and computable analyst
 * Victoria Powers, American real algebraic geometer and social choice theorist
 * Maria Assunta Pozio (died 2018), Italian expert on partial differential equations
 * Cheryl Praeger (born 1948), Australian researcher in group theory, algebraic graph theory and combinatorial designs
 * Malabika Pramanik, Indian-Canadian harmonic analyst
 * Norma Presmeg, South African and American mathematics education researcher
 * Eleanor C. Pressly (1918–2003), American mathematician and sounding rocket engineer
 * Emma Previato (1952–2022), researcher in algebraic geometry and partial differential equations
 * Candice Renee Price, American mathematician, advocate for greater representation of women and people of color in STEM
 * Rachel Justine Pries, American arithmetic geometer and Galois theorist
 * Hilary Priestley, British mathematician who used topological methods to study distributive lattices
 * Elena Prieto-Rodriguez, Spanish and Australian mathematician, theoretical computer scientist, and mathematics educator
 * Dorette Pronk (born 1968), Dutch and Canadian category theorist and mathematics contest leader
 * Christine Proust (born 1953), French expert on Babylonian mathematics
 * Mileva Prvanović (1929–2016), Serbian differential geometer, first to earn a doctorate in geometry in Serbia
 * Danuta Przeworska-Rolewicz (1931–2012), Polish mathematician and resistance fighter in World War II
 * Mary Pugh, American-Canadian expert on thin films
 * Amber L. Puha, American probability theorist
 * Jessica Purcell, American and Australian low-dimensional topologist
 * Florence Purington (1862–1950), first dean of Mount Holyoke College
 * Ulla Pursiheimo (born 1944), Finnish control theorist who became the first female mathematics professor in Finland
 * Helena Pycior (born 1947), American historian of mathematics and expert on Marie Curie and human-animal relations

Q

 * Martine Queffélec (born 1949), French expert in substitution dynamical systems and Diophantine approximation
 * Jennifer Quinn, American combinatorialist
 * Peregrina Quintela Estévez (born 1960), Spanish applied mathematician

R

 * Ami Radunskaya, American mathematician, specializes in dynamical systems and applications to medical problems, president of AWM
 * Virginia Ragsdale (1870–1945), American specialist in algebraic curves, formulated the Ragsdale conjecture
 * Alison Ramage, British expert in preconditioning methods for numerical linear algebra
 * Kavita Ramanan, Indian-American probability theorist
 * Mythily Ramaswamy (born 1954), Indian functional analyst and control theorist
 * Susan Miller Rambo (1883–1977), second woman awarded a PhD from the University of Michigan, delegate to 1928 ICM
 * Sujatha Ramdorai (born 1962), Indian-Canadian algebraic number theorist, expert on Iwasawa theory
 * Saly Ruth Ramler (1894–1993), first woman to earn a mathematics doctorate from Charles University
 * Jacqui Ramagge, Australian mathematician and academic administrator, president of Australian Mathematical Society
 * Asha Rao, Indian-Australian mathematician and expert in cybersecurity
 * Annie Raoult (born 1951), French applied mathematician, models cell membranes and other thin nanostructures
 * Helena Rasiowa (1917–1994), Polish researcher in the foundations of mathematics and algebraic logic
 * Marina Ratner (1938–2017), Russian-American ergodic theorist, member of National Academy of Sciences
 * Cora Ratto de Sadosky (1912–1981), Argentine mathematician and human rights activist
 * Geneviève Raugel (1951–2019), French numerical analyst and dynamical systems theorist
 * Ethel Raybould (1899–1987), Australian mathematician and mathematics benefactor
 * Adrienne Sophie Rayl (1898–1989), American mathematician and professor
 * Michèle Raynaud (born 1938), French algebraic geometer
 * Margaret Rayner (1929–2019), British expert on isoperimetric inequalities, president of Mathematical Association
 * Michela Redivo-Zaglia, Italian numerical analyst
 * Mary Lynn Reed (born 1967), American mathematician, intelligence researcher, and short fiction writer
 * Mary Rees (born 1953), British specialist in complex dynamical systems
 * Mina Rees (1902–1997), first female President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
 * Sarah Rees (born 1957), British group theorist
 * Karin Reich (born 1941), German historian of mathematics and biographer of mathematicians
 * M. Henrietta Reilly (1895–1964), American nun and mathematician
 * Anna Barbara Reinhart (1730–1796), Swiss mathematician, wrote commentary on Newton's Principia
 * Kristina Reiss (born 1952), German mathematics educator
 * Idun Reiten (born 1942), Norwegian representation theorist, member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
 * Kasia Rejzner (born 1985), Polish mathematical physicist
 * Yuriko Renardy, Australian-American expert in fluid dynamics
 * Rosemary Renaut, British and American computational mathematician
 * Barbara Reys (born 1953), American mathematics educator known for her research in number sense and mental calculation
 * Karen Rhea, American calculus educator and proponent of flipped classrooms
 * Ida Rhodes (1900–1986), American pioneer in computer programming, designed the first computer used for Social Security
 * Pilar Ribeiro (1911–2011), Portuguese mathematician, founded Portuguese Mathematical Society and Gazeta de Matemática
 * Marjorie Rice (1923–2017), American amateur mathematician who discovered new pentagon tilings
 * Joan L. Richards (born 1948), American historian of mathematics
 * Sophia Foster Richardson (1855–1916), American geometer and textbook author
 * Bettina Richmond (1958–2009), German-American algebraist, textbook author, and murder victim
 * Mary Rickett (1861–1925), British mathematician and educator
 * Cicely Ridley (1927–2008), British-American applied mathematician, developed codes for quantum chemistry and climate models
 * Christine Riedtmann (born 1952), Swiss algebraist, president of Swiss Mathematical Society
 * Eleanor Rieffel (born 1965), American applied mathematician interested in quantum computing, computer vision, and cryptography
 * Carol Jane Anger Rieke (1908–1999), American astronomer and mathematics educator
 * Edwina Rissland, American researcher on knowledge representation in mathematics and case-based reasoning in computational law
 * Beatrice Rivière (born 1974), French expert on numerical simulation of fluid flow through porous media
 * Catherine A. Roberts (born 1965), American applied mathematician and executive director of the American Mathematical Society
 * Rachel Roberts, American low-dimensional topologist
 * Siobhan Roberts, Canadian mathematical biographer
 * Vanessa Robins, Australian computational topologist
 * Julia Robinson (1919–1985), American researcher on diophantine equations, contributed to solution of Hilbert's Tenth Problem
 * Margaret M. Robinson, American number theorist and expert on zeta functions
 * Alvany Rocha, American specialist in Lie groups, computed characters of the Virasoro algebra
 * Eliane R. Rodrigues, Brazilian-Mexican researcher on stochastic models for pollution and health
 * Jana Rodriguez Hertz (born 1970), Argentine and Uruguayan mathematician
 * Rosana Rodríguez-López, Spanish expert on the application of fixed-point theorems to differential equations
 * Rubí Rodríguez, Chilean complex geometer, president of Chilean Mathematical Society
 * Josephine Robinson Roe (1858–1946), American mathematician and university professor
 * Sylvie Roelly (born 1960), French probability theorist
 * Alice Rogers, English expert on supermanifolds
 * Marie Rognes (born 1982), Norwegian researcher in scientific computing and numerical methods
 * Judith Roitman (born 1945), American specialist in set theory, topology, Boolean algebra, and mathematics education
 * Anna Romanowska, Polish abstract algebraist, first convenor of European Women in Mathematics
 * Dolores Romero Morales (born 1971), Spanish operations researcher
 * Colva Roney-Dougal, British computational group theorist
 * Anna Rönström (1847–1920), Swedish educator, school founder, and mathematician
 * Marian P. Roque, Filipina expert on partial differential equations, president of the Mathematical Society of the Philippines
 * Tatiana Roque, Brazilian historian of mathematics and politician
 * Ana Ros Camacho, Spanish mathematical physicist whose work connects superconductivity with quantum field theory
 * Frances A. Rosamond (born 1943), Australian researcher in parameterized complexity, advocate for women in computer science and mathematics
 * Lauren Lynn Rose, American mathematician active in mathematical outreach
 * Margit Rösler, German expert on harmonic analysis, special functions, and Dunkl operators
 * Mary G. Ross (1908–2008), first Native American female engineer, studied mathematics for aeronautics and celestial mechanics
 * Alida Rossander (1843–1909) and Jenny Rossander (1837–1887), Swedish mathematics teachers and women's rights activists
 * Corinna Rossi (born 1968), Italian Egyptologist and historian of Egyptian mathematics and architecture
 * Alice Roth (1905–1977), Swiss mathematician known for her invention of Swiss cheese spaces
 * Hildegard Rothe-Ille (1899–1942), German mathematician specializing in Ramsey theory
 * Linda Preiss Rothschild (born 1945), president of AWM, vice-president of AMS, co-editor-in-chief of Mathematical Research Letters
 * Christel Rotthaus, German-American researcher in commutative algebra
 * Svetlana Roudenko, Russian-American functional analyst
 * Christiane Rousseau (born 1954), French-Canadian mathematician, president of the Canadian Mathematical Society
 * Julie Rowlett (born 1978), American geometric analyst
 * Marie-Françoise Roy (born 1950), French expert in real algebraic geometry, co-founder of two organizations for women in mathematics
 * Julia Rozanska, Soviet topologist
 * Maria Aparecida Soares Ruas (born 1948), Brazilian singularity theorist
 * Jean E. Rubin (1926–2002), American expert on the axiom of choice
 * Mary Ellen Rudin (1924–2013), constructed many counterexamples in topology
 * Adela Ruiz de Royo (1943–2019), first lady of Panama
 * Mari-Jo P. Ruiz, Filipina graph theorist and operations researcher
 * Iris Runge (1888–1966), German applied mathematician, translator and biographer
 * Mary Beth Ruskai (born 1944), proved subadditivity of quantum entropy, bounded the electrons in an atom, advocate for women in mathematics
 * Beulah Russell (1878–1940), American mathematician
 * Alma Johanna Ruubel (1899–1990, Estonian mathematician, developed curvilinear representational geometry
 * Barbara Falkenbach Ryan, American mathematician, computer scientist, statistician and business executive

S

 * Irene Sabadini, Italian hypercomplex analyst
 * Flora Sadler (1912–2000), Scottish mathematician and astronomer
 * Cora Sadosky (1940–2010), Argentine-American analyst, president of the Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Claudia Sagastizábal, Argentine-Brazilian researcher in convex optimization and energy management
 * Ayşe Şahin, Turkish-American expert on dynamical systems
 * Laure Saint-Raymond (born 1975), French specialist in partial differential equations, member of the French Academy of Sciences
 * Reiko Sakamoto (born 1939), Japanese expert in hyperbolic boundary value problems
 * Adriana Salerno (born 1979), Venezuelan-American arithmetic geometer
 * Graciela Salicrup (1935–1982), Mexican pioneer in categorical topology
 * Judith D. Sally (1937–2024), American researcher in commutative algebra, Noether lecturer
 * Sema Salur, Turkish-American differential geometer
 * Jean E. Sammet (1928–2017), supervised the first scientific programming group, helped develop COBOL
 * Mildred Sanderson (1889–1914), American mathematician, established a correspondence between modular and formal invariants
 * Mary Sandoval, American global analyst and spectral geometer
 * Marta Sanz-Solé (born 1952), Catalan researcher on stochastic processes, president of the European Mathematical Society
 * Winifred Sargent (1905–1979), English researcher on integration theory and BK-spaces
 * Alessandra Sarti (born 1974), Italian algebraic geometer, namesake of Sarti surfaces
 * Ruth Lyttle Satter (1923–1989), American researcher on circadian rhythms, namesake of Ruth Lyttle Satter Prize in Mathematics
 * Linda Gilbert Saucier (born 1948), American mathematician, prolific textbook author
 * Lisa Sauermann (born 1992), German mathematician ranked third in the International Mathematical Olympiad Hall of Fame
 * Bonita V. Saunders, American expert on mathematical visualization
 * Carla Savage, American researcher on parallel algorithms and combinatorial generation, secretary of AMS
 * Cami Sawyer, American and New Zealand expert on distance learning in mathematics
 * Karen Saxe, American expert on functional analysis and social choice theory
 * Renate Scheidler (born 1960), German and Canadian computational number theorist
 * Jacquelien Scherpen, Dutch nonlinear control theorist
 * Carol Schumacher (born 1960), Bolivian-born American mathematician, author of inquiry-based learning textbooks
 * Jane Cronin Scanlon (1922–2018), American researcher in partial differential equations and mathematical biology
 * Alice T. Schafer (1915–2009), American differential geometer, founding member of the Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Sakura Schafer-Nameki, German mathematical physicist
 * Mary Schaps (born 1948), Israeli mathematician and academic administrator, researcher in deformation theory, group theory, and representation theory
 * Doris Schattschneider (born 1939), American mathematician known for writing about tessellations and the art of M. C. Escher
 * Michelle Schatzman (1949–2010), French numerical analyst
 * Katya Scheinberg, Russian-American expert on derivative-free continuous optimization
 * Anne Schilling, American algebraic combinatorialist, representation theorist, and mathematical physicist
 * Tamar Schlick, American applied mathematician who develops and applies tools for biomolecule modeling and simulation
 * Anja Schlömerkemper (born 1973), German applied mathematician, president of International Society for the Interaction of Mechanics and Mathematics
 * Karin Schnass (born 1980), Austrian expert on sparse dictionary learning
 * Leila Schneps (born 1961), American-French analytic number theorist and arithmetic geometer, archivist of Grothendieck's works
 * Anita Schöbel (born 1969), German operations researcher, expert on optimization for public transportation
 * Maria E. Schonbek (born 1979), Argentine-American researcher in fluid dynamics and associated partial differential equations
 * Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb (born 1979), Austrian mathematician known for her research in image analysis
 * Ida May Schottenfels (1869–1942), American group theorist
 * Lynn Schreyer, American applied mathematician, models porous media
 * Mary Leontius Schulte (1901–2000), American nun, mathematics educator, and historian of mathematics
 * Jennifer Schultens (born 1965), American low-dimensional topologist and knot theorist
 * Marie-Hélène Schwartz (1913–2013), French mathematician known for her work on characteristic numbers of spaces with singularities
 * Irene Sciriha, Maltese graph theorist
 * Jeanette Scissum, American mathematician known for her work on sunspot prediction
 * Charlotte Scott (1858–1931), British mathematician who promoted mathematical education of American women
 * Elizabeth Scott, American statistician
 * Jennifer Scott (born 1960), British numerical analyst
 * Catherine Searle, American differential geometer
 * Ruthmae Sears, Bahamian-American mathematics educator
 * Jennifer Seberry (born 1944), Australian cryptographer, mathematician, and computer scientist, one of the founders of Asiacrypt
 * Alexandra Seceleanu, Romanian commutative algebraist
 * Rose Whelan Sedgewick (c. 1904–2000), first person to earn a PhD in mathematics from Brown University
 * Esther Seiden (1908–2014), Polish-Israeli-American mathematical statistician known for her research on design of experiments and combinatorial design
 * Anna Seigal, British applied algebraic geometer
 * Annie Selden, American mathematics educator, one of the founders of the Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Svetlana Selezneva (born 1963), Russian expert on discrete functions
 * Helaine Selin (born 1946), American librarian, historian of science, and ethnomathematician
 * Muriel Seltman (1927–2019), British left-wing activist, mathematics educator, historian of mathematics, and author
 * Marjorie Senechal (born 1939), American expert on quasicrystals, author on history of science, editor-in-chief of The Mathematical Intelligencer
 * Adélia Sequeira, Portuguese applied mathematician specializing in modeling blood flow
 * Sylvia Serfaty (born 1975), French expert on superconductivity, winner of the European Mathematical Society Prize
 * Vera Serganova, Russian-American researcher on superalgebras and their representations
 * Caroline Series (born 1951), English specialist in hyperbolic geometry, Kleinian groups and dynamical systems
 * Lily Serna (born 1986), Israeli-Australian arithmetical guru of the SBS game show Letters and Numbers
 * Maria Serna, Spanish expert on graph layout and adversarial queueing theory
 * Cristina Sernadas (born 1951), Portuguese mathematical logician
 * Brigitte Servatius (born 1954), Austrian-American expert on matroids and structural rigidity
 * Nataša Šešum, expert in geometric flows
 * Ingeborg Seynsche (1905–1994), one of the earliest women to earn a doctorate at the University of Göttingen
 * Jeanette Shakalli (born 1985), promoter of mathematics in Panama
 * Betty Shannon (1922–2017), mathematician and human computer, collaborator with husband Claude Shannon
 * Zorya Shapiro (1914–2013), Soviet mathematician, educator and translator
 * Tatyana Shaposhnikova (born 1946), Russian-Swedish researcher on multipliers in function spaces, partial differential operators, and history of mathematics
 * Mei-Chi Shaw (born 1955), Taiwanese-American researcher on partial differential equations
 * Mariya Shcherbina (born 1958), Ukrainian expert on random matrices
 * Amy Shell-Gellasch, American historian of mathematics and book author
 * Diana Shelstad (born 1947), Australian-American mathematician, formulated the fundamental lemma of the Langlands Program
 * Wenxian Shen, Chinese-American dynamical systems theorist
 * Irina Shevtsova (born 1983), Russian probability theorist
 * Brooke Shipley, American expert in homotopy theory and homological algebra
 * Rebecca Shipley, British applied mathematician and healthcare engineer
 * Tatiana Shubin, Soviet-American mathematician, founder of several mathematics circles
 * Patricia D. Shure, American mathematics educator and calculus reformer
 * Lesley Sibner (1934–2013), American differential geometer and Hodge theorist, produced a constructive proof of the Riemann–Roch theorem
 * Martha Siegel, American probability theorist and mathematics educator
 * Anna Sierpińska (born 1947), Polish-Canadian scholar of understanding and epistemology in mathematics education
 * Mary Silber, American expert in bifurcation theory and pattern formation
 * Alice Silverberg (born 1958), American number theorist and cryptographer
 * Ruth Silverman (c. 1936–2011), American computational geometer, founder of Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Evelyn Silvia (1948–2006), American functional analyst and mathematics educator
 * Rodica Simion (1955–2000), Romanian-American pioneer in the study of permutation patterns
 * Valeria Simoncini (born 1966), Italian numerical analyst
 * Lao Genevra Simons (1870–1949), American mathematician and historian of mathematics
 * Hourya Benis Sinaceur (born 1940), Moroccan expert in the theory and history of mathematics
 * Margaret P. Sinclair (1950–2012), Canadian mathematics educator
 * Mary Emily Sinclair (1878–1955), American mathematician, first woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics at the University of Chicago
 * Nathalie Sinclair (born 1970), Canadian researcher in mathematics education
 * Stephanie Singer, American mathematician and politician, author of books on symmetry
 * Sue Singer, British mathematics educator, president of Girls' Schools Association and Mathematical Association
 * Ajit Iqbal Singh (born 1943), Indian researcher in functional analysis and harmonic analysis
 * Sylvia Skan (1897–1972), British applied mathematician known for the Falkner–Skan boundary layer in fluid mechanics
 * Jessica Sklar (born 1973), American mathematician interested in abstract algebra, recreational mathematics, and the popularization of mathematics
 * Anna Skripka, Ukrainian-American noncommutative analyst
 * Gillian Slater, British mathematician and academic administrator, vice chancellor of Bournemouth University
 * Lucy Joan Slater (1922–2008), British expert on hypergeometric functions and the Rogers–Ramanujan identities
 * Angela Slavova, Bulgarian expert on waves and cellular neural networks, chair of SIAM
 * Alice Slotsky, American historian of mathematics and Assyriologist
 * Marian Small (born 1948), Canadian proponent of constructivist mathematical instruction
 * Ionica Smeets (born 1979), Dutch number theorist and science communicator
 * Deirdre Smeltzer (born 1964), American mathematician, mathematics educator, academic administrator, and textbook author
 * Sonja Smets, Belgian and Dutch mathematical logician, works on quantum logic and belief revision
 * Adelaide Smith (1878–1938), American mathematician, studied and taught internationally
 * Clara Eliza Smith (1865–1943), American mathematician specializing in complex analysis
 * Daphne L. Smith, first African-American woman to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute for Technology
 * Karen E. Smith (born 1965), American specialist in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry
 * Kate Smith-Miles, Australian applied mathematician, president of Australian Mathematical Society
 * Leslie M. Smith (born 1961), American applied mathematician and engineering physicist working in turbulence
 * Martha K. Smith, American mathematics educator and non-commutative algebraist
 * Agata Smoktunowicz (born 1973), Polish-Scottish researcher in abstract algebra, constructed noncommutative nil rings
 * Nina Snaith (born 1974), British researcher in random matrix theory, quantum chaos, and zeta functions
 * Vera Šnajder (1904–1976), Bosnian mathematician, first Bosnian to publish in mathematics, first female dean in Yugoslavia
 * Alena Šolcová (born 1950), Czech applied mathematician and historian of mathematics
 * Priyanshi Somani (born 1998), Indian mental calculator
 * Mary Somerville (1780–1872), Scottish science writer and polymath, one of two first female members of the Royal Astronomical Society
 * Christina Sormani, American researcher on Riemannian geometry, metric geometry, and Ricci curvature
 * Vera T. Sós (1930–2023), Hungarian number theorist and combinatorialist
 * Chris Soteros, Canadian applied mathematician, studies biomolecules and the knot theory of random space curves
 * Hortensia Soto, Mexican-American mathematics educator
 * Marilda Sotomayor (born 1944), Brazilian mathematician, economist, and game theorist
 * Laila Soueif (born 1956), Egyptian mathematics professor and women's rights activist
 * Diane Souvaine (born 1954), American computational geometer, advocate for women and minorities in mathematics and gender neutrality in teaching
 * Ayşe Soysal (born 1948), Turkish mathematician, president of Boğaziçi University
 * Angela Spalsbury (born 1967), American functional analyst and academic administrator
 * Mary Margaret Speer (1906–1996), American mathematician
 * Birgit Speh (born 1949), American expert in Lie groups, namesake of Speh representations
 * Domina Eberle Spencer (1920–2022), researcher on electrodynamics and field theory, founded fringe science organization Natural Philosophy Alliance
 * M. Grazia Speranza, Italian operations researcher, president of EURO and IFORS
 * Pauline Sperry (1885–1967), mathematician, musician, and astronomer, unconstitutionally fired from UC Berkeley for refusing to sign a loyalty oath
 * Dolores Richard Spikes (1936–2015), African-American mathematician, first female university chancellor and first female president of a university system in the US
 * Nicole Spillane (born 1988), French and Irish applied mathematician
 * Vera W. de Spinadel (1929–2017), Argentine-Austrian researcher on metallic means
 * Jean Springer (1939–2007), Jamaican-Canadian specialist in abstract algebra and academic administrator
 * Jane Squire (bap. 1686 – 1743), English mathematician studied solutions to finding longitude at sea
 * Bhama Srinivasan (born 1935), representation theorist, president of the Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Hema Srinivasan (born 1959), Indian-American mathematician specializing in abstract algebra and algebraic geometry
 * Kaye Stacey (born 1948), Australian mathematics educator
 * Tanja Stadler (born 1981), German mathematician, expert in phylogenetics
 * Gigliola Staffilani (born 1966), Italian-American researcher on harmonic analysis and partial differential equations
 * Anna Stafford (1905–2004), one of the first postdoctoral researchers at the Institute for Advanced Study
 * Helene Stähelin (1891–1970), Swiss mathematician, editor of Bernoulli family letters, and pacifist
 * Gwyneth Stallard, British expert on complex dynamics and the iteration of meromorphic functions
 * Katherine E. Stange, Canadian-American number theorist
 * Zvezdelina Stankova (born 1969), Bulgarian-American expert on permutation patterns, founder of the Berkeley Math Circle
 * Nancy K. Stanton, American researcher on complex analysis, partial differential equations, and differential geometry
 * Marion Elizabeth Stark (1894—1982), one of the first female American mathematicians to receive a doctorate
 * Anastasia Stavrova, Russian expert in algebraic groups, non-associative algebra, and algebraic K-theory
 * Jackie Stedall (1950–2014), British historian of mathematics
 * Angelika Steger (born 1962), German-Swiss expert on graph theory, randomized algorithms, and approximation algorithms
 * Irene Stegun (1919–2008), American mathematician who edited a classic book of mathematical tables
 * Gabriele Steidl (born 1963), German researcher in computational harmonic analysis, convex optimization, and image processing
 * Mary Kay Stein, American mathematics educator
 * Berit Stensønes (born 1956), Norwegian mathematician specializing in complex analysis and complex dynamics
 * Elizabeth Stephansen (1872–1961), first Norwegian woman to receive a mathematics doctorate
 * Edith Stern (born 1952), child prodigy in mathematics and IBM engineer
 * Chris Stevens, American topological group theorist, historian of mathematics, and mathematics educator
 * Perdita Stevens (born 1966), British algebraist, theoretical computer scientist, and software engineer
 * Lorna Stewart, Canadian graph theorist and graph algorithms researcher
 * Alice Christine Stickland (1906–1987), British applied mathematician, expert on radio propagation
 * Angeline Stickney (1830–1892), American suffragist, abolitionist, and mathematician, namesake of the largest crater on Phobos
 * Doris Stockton (1924–2018), American mathematician and textbook author
 * Ruth Stokes (1890–1968), American mathematician, astronomer, and cryptologer, pioneer of linear programming, and founder of Pi Mu Epsilon journal
 * Yvonne Stokes, Australian expert on fluid mechanics, mathematical biology, and industrial applications of mathematics
 * Emily Stone, American mathematician, works in fluid mechanics and dynamical systems
 * Betsy Stovall, American harmonic analyst
 * Anita Straker, British mathematics educator, president of the Mathematical Association
 * Dona Strauss (born 1934), British mathematician, founder of pointless topology and European Women in Mathematics
 * Anne Penfold Street (1932–2016), Australian combinatorialist, third woman mathematics professor in Australia
 * Ileana Streinu, Romanian-American computational geometer, expert on kinematics and structural rigidity
 * Catharina Stroppel (born 1971), German researcher on representation theory, low-dimensional topology, and category theory
 * Marilyn Strutchens (born 1962), African-American mathematics educator
 * Tatjana Stykel, Russian-German expert on numerical linear algebra, control theory, and differential-algebraic equations
 * Dorothy Geneva Styles (1922–1984), American organist, choir director, composer, poet, and mathematician
 * Bella Subbotovskaya (1938–1982), Soviet founder of the Jewish People's University
 * Indulata Sukla (born 1944), Indian researcher on Fourier series, author of textbook on number theory and cryptography
 * Agnès Sulem (born 1959), French applied mathematician, control theorist, and mathematical finance expert
 * Catherine Sulem (born 1957), Algerian-born Canadian mathematician and violinist, expert on singularities in wave propagation
 * Nike Sun, American probability theorist studying phase transitions and counting complexity
 * Iryna Sushko (born 1967), Ukrainian mathematician, applies nonlinear dynamical systems to economics
 * Rosamund Sutherland (1947–2019), British mathematics educator
 * Louise Nixon Sutton (1925–2006), first African-American woman to earn a mathematics PhD at New York University
 * Thyrsa Frazier Svager (1930–1999), African-American mathematician, donated entire salary to support African-American women in mathematics
 * Márta Svéd (–2005), Hungarian-Australian mathematician, wrote about non-Euclidean geometry
 * Marcia P. Sward (1939–2008), executive director of the Mathematical Association of America
 * Lorna Swain (1891–1936), British fluid dynamics researcher, early female lecturer at Cambridge
 * Irena Swanson, Yugoslav-born American commutative algebraist and mathematical quilter
 * Henda Swart (1939–2016), South African geometer and graph theorist, editor-in-chief of Utilitas Mathematica
 * Adela Świątek (1945–2019), Polish mathematician and a popularizer of mathematics
 * Jennifer Switkes, American mathematics educator and volunteer prison mathematics instructor
 * Polly Sy, Filipino functional analyst
 * Esther Szekeres (1910–2005), Hungarian-Australian mathematician posed the happy ending problem in discrete geometry
 * Ágnes Szendrei, Hungarian-American expert on universal algebra
 * Wanda Szmielew (1918–1976), Polish logician who proved the decidability of the first-order theory of abelian groups
 * Zofia Szmydt (1923–2010), Polish researcher on differential equations, potential theory and distributions

T

 * Laura Taalman, American mathematician known for work on the mathematics of Sudoku and mathematical 3D printing
 * Daina Taimiņa (born 1954), Latvian-American mathematician, crochets objects to illustrate hyperbolic space
 * Martha Takane, Mexican algebraist and algebraic combinatorist
 * Christiane Tammer, German expert in set-valued optimization
 * Tan Lei (1963–2016), Chinese-French specialist in complex dynamics and functions of complex numbers
 * Betül Tanbay (born 1960), first female president of the Turkish Mathematical Society
 * Yunqing Tang, Chinese-American number theorist and arithmetic geometer
 * Rosalind Tanner (1900–1992), English mathematician and a historian of mathematics
 * Anne Taormina, Belgian mathematical physicist interested in string theory, moonshine, and the symmetry of virus capsids
 * Gabriella Tarantello (born 1958), Italian mathematician specializing in partial differential equations, differential geometry, and gauge theory
 * Éva Tardos (born 1957), Hungarian-American researcher in combinatorial optimization algorithms
 * Olga Taussky-Todd (1906–1995), Austrian and later Czech-American advocate of matrix theory
 * Jean Taylor (born 1944), American mathematician known for her work on soap bubbles and crystals
 * Aretha Teckentrup, British mathematician, data scientist, and numerical analyst
 * Mina Teicher, Israeli algebraic geometer
 * Monique Teillaud, French computational geometer
 * Montserrat Teixidor i Bigas, Spanish-American expert on moduli of vector bundles on curves
 * Keti Tenenblat (born 1944), Turkish-Brazilian differential geometer
 * Katrin Tent (born 1963), German mathematician, expert in group theory, the symmetries of groups, algebraic model theory, and finite geometry
 * M. B. W. Tent, American mathematics educator, mathematical biographer
 * Chuu-Lian Terng (born 1949), Taiwanese-American differential geometer
 * Susanna Terracini (born 1963), Italian mathematician known for her research on chaos in Hamiltonian dynamical systems
 * Audrey Terras (born 1942), American number theorist specializing in quantum chaos and zeta functions
 * Susanne Teschl (born 1971), Austrian expert on mathematical modeling of breath analysis
 * Donna Testerman (born 1960), expert in the representation theory of algebraic groups
 * Ngamta Thamwattana, Thai-Australian expert in granular materials and nanotechnology
 * Theano (6th century BC), one or possibly two different Pythagorean philosophers
 * Diana Thomas, American mathematician who studies nutrition and body weight
 * Doreen Thomas, South African and Australian mathematician and engineer
 * Janet Thomas, founder of the Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute
 * Rekha R. Thomas, American mathematician and operations researcher
 * Abigail Thompson (born 1958), American low-dimensional topologist, educational reformer
 * Frances McBroom Thompson (1942–2014), American mathematics educator and textbook author
 * Gillian Thornley (born 1940), New Zealand differential geometer, first woman president of the New Zealand Mathematical Society
 * Heidi Thornquist, American applied mathematician, expert on numerical linear algebra and circuit simulation
 * Mary Domitilla Thuener (1880–1977), American mathematician, founder of Thomas More College, Kentucky
 * Ene-Margit Tiit (born 1934), Estonian mathematician and statistician, founding president of Estonian Statistical Society
 * Mary Tiles (born 1946), writer on the philosophy and history of set theory
 * Ulrike Tillmann FRS (born 1962), German-English algebraic topologist
 * Sheila Tinney (1918–2010), Irish mathematical physicist, first Irishwoman with a mathematical doctorate
 * Maryanne Tipler, New Zealand mathematics textbook author
 * Françoise Tisseur, French-English numerical analyst
 * Jacqueline Naze Tjøtta (1935–2017), French-Norwegian researcher in kinetics, magnetohydrodynamics and theoretical acoustics
 * Renate Tobies (born 1947), German historian of mathematics
 * Gordana Todorov (born 1949), American representation theorist and noncommutative algebraist
 * Susan Tolman, American symplectic geometer
 * Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann FRSC, Polish-Canadian geometric functional analyst
 * Alison Tomlin, British physical chemist and applied mathematician, develops detailed models of combustion
 * Cristina Toninelli, Italian probability theorist
 * Christina Tønnesen-Friedman, Danish-American Riemannian geometer
 * Virginia Torczon, American applied mathematician, computer scientist, and expert in nonlinear optimization
 * Antoinette Tordesillas, Australian applied mathematician
 * Marie Torhorst (1888–1989), German mathematician, school teacher, and politician
 * Anna-Karin Tornberg, Swedish computational mathematician
 * Eve Torrence (born 1963), American mathematician, president of Pi Mu Epsilon
 * Laura Toti Rigatelli (born 1941), Italian historian of mathematics and biographer of Galois
 * Vera Traub, German expert on approximation algorithms in network optimization
 * Paula Tretkoff, Australian-American researcher in number theory, noncommutative geometry, and hypergeometric functions
 * Christiane Tretter (born 1964), German expert in spectral theory and differential operators
 * Věra Trnková (1934–2018) Czech category theorist
 * Konstantina Trivisa, Greek-American expert in fluid dynamics and flocking
 * A. Mary Tropper (1917–2009), British mathematician, textbook author, and translator
 * Mary Esther Trueblood (1872–1939), American mathematician, studied with Felix Klein
 * Chrysoula Tsogka, Greek applied mathematician, expert in wave propagation through complex media
 * Olga Tsuberbiller (1885–1975), Russian analytical geometer and textbook author
 * Virginia Tucker (1909–1985), American human computer at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
 * Laurette Tuckerman (born 1956), American and French researcher in computational fluid dynamics
 * Annita Tuller (1910–1994), American geometer and textbook author
 * Reidun Twarock, German-born mathematical biologist
 * Julianna Tymoczko (born 1975), American algebraic geometer and algebraic combinatorist
 * Regina Tyshkevich (1929–2019), Belarusian graph theorist, co-invented split graphs
 * Galina Tyurina (1938–1970), Soviet algebraic geometer

U

 * Olabisi Ugbebor (born 1951), first female mathematics professor in Nigeria
 * Karen Uhlenbeck (born 1942), American mathematician, MacArthur Fellow, National Medal of Science, Leroy P. Steele Prize, Abel Prize
 * Corinna Ulcigrai (born 1980), Italian researcher on dynamical systems, won European Mathematical Society Prize and Whitehead Prize
 * Kristin Umland, American mathematics educator
 * Nina Uraltseva (born 1935), Russian mathematical physicist, specialist in nonlinear partial differential equations
 * Arantza Urkaregi (born 1954), Spanish mathematician and Basque separatist and feminist politician

V

 * Brigitte Vallée (born 1950), French mathematician and computer scientist, expert in lattice basis reduction algorithms
 * Clàudia Valls, Spanish and Portuguese mathematician specializing in dynamical systems
 * Pauline van den Driessche (born 1941), British-Canadian pioneer in combinatorial matrix theory and mathematical biology
 * Monica VanDieren, American model theorist and academic administrator
 * Olena Vaneeva (born 1982), Ukrainian mathematician specializing in group analysis of differential equations
 * Ursula van Rienen (born 1957), German applied mathematician, expert in simulating electrical brain stimulation
 * Michela Varagnolo, Italian-French representation theorist
 * Maria Eulália Vares, Brazilian expert in stochastic processes
 * Laura Vargas Koch (born 1990), German algorithmic game theorist and Olympic medal winning judoka
 * Alena Varmužová (1939–1997), Czech mathematics educator
 * Dorothy Vaughan (1910–2008), African-American mathematician at NASA
 * Elena Vázquez Cendón, Spanish expert in modeling waves and shallow water, and numerical solution of hyperbolic problems
 * Mariel Vázquez, Mexican mathematical biologist specializing in DNA topology
 * Eva Vedel Jensen (born 1951), Danish spatial statistician, stereologist, and stochastic geometer
 * Argelia Velez-Rodriguez (born 1936), Black Cuban-American differential geometer
 * Tatyana Velikanova (1932–2002), Soviet mathematician, computer programmer, dissident, and political prisoner
 * Luitgard Veraart, German financial mathematician
 * Michèle Vergne (born 1943), French specialist in analysis and representation theory, member of French Academy of Sciences
 * Siobhán Vernon (1932–2002), first Irish-born woman to get a PhD in pure mathematics in Ireland
 * Luminița Vese, Romanian specialist in image processing
 * Katalin Vesztergombi (born 1948), Hungarian graph theorist and discrete geometer
 * Maryna Viazovska (born 1984), Ukrainian mathematician, solved the sphere packing problems in dimensions 8 and 24
 * Eva Viehmann (born 1980), German arithmetic geometer
 * Marie-France Vignéras (born 1946), French mathematician who proved that one cannot hear the shape of a hyperbolic drum
 * Maria Cristina Villalobos, American applied mathematician recognized for her mentorship
 * Cynthia Vinzant, American real algebraic geometer
 * Bianca Viray, American arithmetic geometer
 * Nina Virchenko (born 1930), Ukrainian mathematician and anti-Soviet activist
 * Monica Vișan (born 1979), Romanian expert on the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
 * Begoña Vitoriano (born 1967), Spanish applied mathematician, uses operations research for humanitarian disaster relief
 * Marie A. Vitulli, American algebraic geometer, union organizer, and proponent for women in mathematics on Wikipedia
 * Roxana Vivian (1871–1961), first female mathematics doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania
 * Karen Vogtmann (born 1949), American geometric group theorist, namesake of Culler–Vogtmann outer space
 * Margit Voigt, German expert on graph coloring
 * Claire Voisin (born 1962), French expert on Hodge structures and mirror symmetry, member of French Academy of Sciences
 * Elisabeth Vreede (1879–1943), Dutch mathematician, astronomer and Anthroposophist
 * Kristina Vušković (born 1967), Serbian graph theorist

W



 * Michelle L. Wachs, American specialist in algebraic combinatorics
 * Aissa Wade (born 1967), Senegalese symplectic geometer, president of African Institute for Mathematical Sciences
 * Grace Wahba (born 1934), American pioneer in methods for smoothing noisy data
 * Nathalie Wahl (born 1976), Belgian topologist
 * Yoshiko Wakabayashi (born 1950), Brazilian researcher in combinatorial optimization and polyhedral combinatorics
 * Sarah Wakes, New Zealand mathematician and engineer, first female head of mathematics at University of Otago
 * Rebecca Waldecker (born 1979), German group theorist
 * Irène Waldspurger, French mathematician, expert on phase retrieval
 * Carol Walker (born 1935), American group theorist and fuzzy set theorist
 * Erica N. Walker, American mathematician, studies racial and gender equity in mathematics education
 * Muriel Kennett Wales (1913–2009), Irish-Canadian mathematician
 * Judy L. Walker, American algebraic coding theorist
 * Mary Shore Walker (1882–1952), American mathematician, first woman faculty member at the University of Missouri
 * Dorothy Wallace, American number theorist, mathematical biologist, and mathematics educator
 * Lynne H. Walling, British number theorist
 * Joan E. Walsh (1932–2017), British numerical analyst
 * Marion Walter (1928–2021), German-born mathematician who wrote about using mirrors to explore symmetry
 * Andrea Walther (born 1970), German expert in automatic differentiation
 * Chelsea Walton (born 1983), African-American researcher in noncommutative algebra
 * Yuan Wang, Chinese-American control theorist
 * Yusu Wang, Chinese computational geometer and computational topologist
 * Wang Zhenyi (1768–1797), Qing dynasty mathematician and astronomer
 * Lesley Ward, Australian harmonic and complex analyst
 * Rachel Ward, American applied mathematician who researches machine learning and signal processing
 * Virginia Warfield, American mathematics educator
 * Mary Wynne Warner (1932–1998), British pioneer in fuzzy topology
 * Simone Warzel (born 1973), German mathematical physicist, expert on the many-body problem
 * Talitha Washington (born 1974), American applied mathematician and mathematics educator
 * Sarah L. Waters, British expert in fluid mechanics and tissue engineering
 * Ann E. Watkins, American statistics educator, president of Mathematical Association of America
 * Anne Watson, British mathematics educator
 * Charlotte Watts (born 1962), British mathematical epidemiologist
 * Johanna Weber (1910–2014), German-British mathematician and aerodynamicist, contributed to supersonic aircraft design
 * Charlotte Wedell (1862–1953), one of four women at the first International Congress of Mathematicians
 * Suzanne Weekes, American mathematician, cofounder of the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute Undergraduate Program
 * Katrin Wehrheim (born 1974), American symplectic topologist and gauge theorist
 * Guofang Wei (born 1965), Chinese-American differential geometer, found new positively-curved manifolds
 * Tilla Weinstein (1934–2002), American differential geometer
 * Marie Johanna Weiss (1903–1952), American mathematics researcher and textbook author
 * Katrin Wendland (born 1970), German mathematical physicist, expert on singularities in quantum field theories
 * Annette Werner (born 1966), German expert on diophantine geometry and non-Archimedean algebraic geometry
 * Elisabeth M. Werner, researcher on convex geometry, functional analysis, and probability theory
 * Eléna Wexler-Kreindler (1931–2002), Romanian-French algebraist
 * Anna Johnson Pell Wheeler (1883–1966), American researcher on infinite-dimensional linear algebra
 * Mary Wheeler (born 1931), American expert on domain decomposition methods for partial differential equations
 * Marion Ballantyne White (1871–1958), American mathematician and university professor
 * Sue Whitesides, Canadian mathematician and computer scientist, expert in computational geometry and graph drawing
 * Alice S. Whittemore, American group theorist, biostatistician, and epidemiologist who studies the effects of genetics and lifestyle on cancer
 * Kirsten Wickelgren, American number theorist and geometer
 * Margaret Wiecek, Polish-American operations researcher, expert on multi-objective optimization
 * Sylvia Wiegand (born 1945), American algebraist, president of the Association for Women in Mathematics
 * Anna Wienhard (born 1977), German differential geometer
 * Lynda Wiest, American mathematics education researcher
 * Evelyn Prescott Wiggin (1900–1964), American mathematician and university professor
 * Geertruida Wijthoff (1859–1953), Dutch mathematician and teacher
 * Marie S. Wilcox (died 1995), American high school mathematics teacher, textbook author, and president of National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
 * Trena Wilkerson, American mathematics educator, president of National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
 * Amie Wilkinson (born 1968), American researcher in ergodic theory and smooth dynamical systems
 * Emily Willbanks (1930–2007), American mathematician who contributed to defense weapons applications and high performance storage
 * Margaret Willerding (1919–2003), American mathematician and textbook author
 * Karen Willcox, New Zealand applied mathematician, expert on reduced-order modeling and multi-fidelity methods
 * Elizabeth Williams (1895–1986), British mathematician and educationist
 * Emily Coddington Williams (1873–1952), American historian of mathematics, translator, novelist, playwright, and biographer
 * Kim Williams, scholar of connections between mathematics and architecture
 * Lauren Williams, American expert on cluster algebras and tropical geometry
 * Roselyn E. Williams, American mathematician, founder of National Math Alliance
 * Ruth J. Williams, American probability theorist, president of Institute of Mathematical Statistics
 * Ruth Margaret Williams (born 1945), British mathematical physicist, researches discrete gravity
 * Sheila Oates Williams (born 1939), British and Australian abstract algebraist
 * Talithia Williams, American statistician and mathematician who researches the spatiotemporal structure of data
 * Virginia Vassilevska Williams, Bulgarian-American researcher on graph algorithms and fast matrix multiplication
 * Stephanie van Willigenburg, Canadian researcher in algebraic combinatorics and quasisymmetric functions
 * Elizabeth Wilmer, American expert on Markov chain mixing times
 * Helen Wilson (mathematician) (born 1973), British expert on non-Newtonian fluids, president of British Society of Rheology
 * Ulrica Wilson, African-American mathematician specializing in noncommutative rings and the combinatorics of matrices
 * Helen Wily (1921–2009), New Zealand mathematician and statistician
 * Sarah Witherspoon, American mathematician interested in abstract algebra
 * Emily E. Witt, American commutative algebraist and representation theorist
 * Barbara Wohlmuth, German expert on the numerical solution of partial differential equations
 * Julia Wolf, British mathematician specialising in arithmetic combinatorics
 * Louise Adelaide Wolf (1898–1962), American mathematician and university professor
 * Gail Wolkowicz, Canadian mathematical biologist known for her work on the competitive exclusion principle
 * Maria Wonenburger (1927–2014), Galician-American group theorist, first Spanish Fulbright scholar in mathematics
 * Carol Wood (born 1945), American expert in model-theoretic algebra, president of American Women in Mathematics
 * Melanie Wood (born 1981), first female American to compete in the International Mathematical Olympiad
 * Ruth Goulding Wood (1875–1935), American non-Euclidean geometer
 * Sarah Woodhead (1851–1912), first woman to pass the Cambridge University mathematical Tripos examination
 * Mary Lee Woods (1924–2017), British mathematician and computer programmer
 * Carol S. Woodward, American expert in numerical algorithms and software
 * Margaret H. Wright (born 1944), American researcher in optimization, linear algebra, and scientific computing
 * Dorothy Maud Wrinch (1894–1976), Argentine-English mathematician and biochemical theorist, expert in protein structure
 * Jang-Mei Wu, Taiwanese-American complex analyst
 * Sijue Wu (born 1964), Chinese-American expert in the mathematics of water waves
 * Emily Kathryn Wyant (1897–1942), American mathematician, founder of honor society Kappa Mu Epsilon
 * Lucy R. Wyatt, British mathematician and oceanographer, studies high frequency radar oceanography and ocean surface waves
 * Urszula Wybraniec-Skardowska (born 1940), Polish logician
 * Cynthia Wyels, American mathematician known for her mentorship of Latino students

X

 * Dianna Xu, American mathematician and computer scientist who studies computational problems on curves and surfaces
 * Xu Ruiyun, first Chinese woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics

Y

 * Carolyn Yackel, American commutative algebraist and mathematical fiber artist
 * Erna Beth Yackel (1939–2022), American mathematics educator
 * Mayuko Yamashita, Japanese mathematician and mathematical physicist
 * Catherine Yan, Chinese-American mathematician interested in algebraic combinatorics
 * Grace Yang, Chinese-American expert on stochastic processes in the physical sciences, asymptotic theory, and survival analysis
 * Elena Yanovskaya (born 1938), Soviet and Russian game theorist
 * Sofya Yanovskaya (1896–1966), restored mathematical logic research in Soviet Union, edited mathematical works of Karl Marx
 * Jane Ye, Chinese-Canadian researcher in variational analysis
 * Karen Yeats (born 1980), Canadian mathematician whose research connects combinatorics to quantum field theory
 * Florence Yeldham (1877–1945), British school teacher and historian of arithmetic
 * Yiqun Lisa Yin, Chinese-American cryptographer, broke the SHA-1 hash scheme and helped develop the RC6 block cipher
 * Ruriko Yoshida, Japanese-American combinatorist, statistician, phylogeneticist, and operations researcher
 * Anna Irwin Young (1873–1920), charter member of the Mathematical Association of America
 * Cynthia Y. Young, American applied mathematician, textbook author, and academic administrator
 * Lai-Sang Young (born 1952), Hong Kong born dynamical systems theorist
 * Mabel Minerva Young (1872–1963), American geometer
 * Virginia R. Young, American expert on the mathematics of insurance
 * Noriko Yui, Japanese-Canadian researcher on arithmetic geometry, mathematical physics, and mirror symmetry
 * Mariette Yvinec, French computational geometer

Z

 * Sara Zahedi (born 1981), Iranian-Swedish researcher in computational fluid dynamics, former child refugee, and winner of EMS Prize
 * Martina Zähle (born 1950), German stochastic geometer and geometric measure theorist
 * Frieda Zames (1932–2005), American mathematician and disability rights activist
 * Antonella Zanna, Italian-Norwegian numerical analyst
 * Thaleia Zariphopoulou (born 1962), Greek-American expert in mathematical finance
 * Claudia Zaslavsky (1917–2006), American mathematics educator and ethnomathematician
 * Anna Zdunik, Polish researcher on dynamical systems
 * Mary Lou Zeeman, British expert on dynamical systems and their application to mathematical biology
 * Sarah Zerbes (born 1978), German and British algebraic number theorist
 * Ping Zhang, graph theorist and textbook author
 * Rozetta Zhilina (1933–2003), Soviet expert in computational problems for nuclear weapons
 * Tamar Ziegler (born 1971), Israeli researcher in ergodic theory and arithmetic combinatorics, won Erdős Prize
 * Magdolna Zimányi (1934–2016), pioneer of Hungarian computing