Louis I, Landgrave of Hesse

Louis I (Ludwig; 6 February 1402 – 17 January 1458), nicknamed the Peaceful (der Friedsame), was Landgrave of Hesse from 1413 to 1458. Following Louis' death, his sons, Henry III and Louis II, divided Hesse into Upper and Lower sections.

Life
Louis was born at Spangenberg, the son of Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse, and Margaret, the daughter of Frederick V of Nuremberg. He married Anna (5 June 1420 - 17 September 1462) daughter of Frederick I, Elector of Saxony on 13 September 1436. Their children were:


 * Louis II (7 September 1438 - 8 November 1471)
 * Henry III (15 October 1440 - 13 January 1483)
 * Hermann IV, Archbishop of Cologne (1450 - 19 October 1508)
 * Elisabeth (14 December 1453 - 22 April 1489), married John III, Count of Nassau-Weilburg
 * Friedrich (1458- 1 June 1463)

After 1425 a conflict with the Electorate of Mainz over claims to power in Hesse broke out into open conflict and Archbishop Conrad III of Mainz suffered a decisive defeat at Fulda in 1427.