Mōʻiliʻili, Hawaii

Mōʻiliʻili, Hawaii is a neighborhood of Honolulu CDP, City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii, on the island of Oahu. Its name means “pebble lizard” in Hawaiian.

The commercial district at South King Street and University Avenue in Mōʻiliʻili is the closest such district to the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. The H-1 Freeway is located between University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa and the business district.

History
The community changed from being an agriculture-centered town to an urban area in the early 20th century. 80% of Mōʻiliʻili's population was of Japanese origins as of the 1930 U.S. Census. The development of the H-1 Freeway took away commercial traffic that previously patronized Mōʻiliʻili's businesses.

For a 40-year period before 2007, various members of the area community considered developing Mōʻiliʻili into a college town environment. Around 2002 Evan Dobelle, the president of the University of Hawaiʻi System, said that he would prioritize developing a college town. He also discussed the idea of moving the UH system offices from University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa to Mōʻiliʻili. In 2007 Kamehameha Schools bought 1.7 acre of land from Pacific Theatres, including the Varsity Theatre and the Varsity Office Building, increasing its landholdings in Mōʻiliʻili to 11.4 acres (4.6 ha), mostly along South King Street and University Avenue. The Varsity Theatre, in operation since 1939, was demolished in March 2008.

Description
A small and local community, composed of numerous small businesses such as florists, imported goods, ethnic foods and surf gear and apparel, the major focus of the small community is centered on the area of University Avenue and King Street, 21.29167°N, -157.82194°W.

Located beneath the busy intersection of South King Street and University Avenue lies a complex system of caves known as the Mōʻiliʻili Karst. Originally the underwater stream was fed by the Manoa stream, but it has since been rerouted. A natural pond was formed and the popular Willows restaurant centered on this natural phenomenon. However, construction to the UH athletic fields and surrounding businesses caused collapses and rerouting of the underground waterway, and forced the owners to cement in the pond, making it now an artificial pond. Several species of fish and plant life live in this system of caves. This cave system is not open to spelunkers and is accessible only by a city sewer grate.

Transportation
The area is serviced by Honolulu's TheBus service, including routes 1/1L, 4, 5, 6, 13, and 18.

Education
Hawaii Department of Education operates public schools in the area, including King William Lunalilo Elementary School, Prince Jonah Kūhiō Elementary School, and Queen Kaʻahumanu Elementary School. A number of charter and private schools also exist, including Voyager Public Charter School and ʻIolani School. Maryknoll School and Punahou School are located near the border of the Mānoa neighborhood.

Parks and recreation
The City and County of Honolulu operates Mōʻiliʻili Neighborhood Park.

The Mōʻiliʻili Community Center was established around 1950 and originated from the Mōʻiliʻili Japanese Language School, a Japanese-language school established by Kihachi and Shika Kashiwabara in 1906. At its pre-World War II peak this Japanese school had over 1,000 students. Non-Japanese persons transferred board positions to non-Japanese and had a Boy Scout troop moved into one of the school's buildings to prevent the school from being confiscated during the war. The Mōʻiliʻili Community Association received the school's lands and assets in 1945, leading to the establishment of the community center. In 1996 the community center had programs for 660 children and about 600 adults of all ages.