MRT Line 4 (Metro Manila)

The Metro Rail Transit Line 4 (MRT-4) is a proposed rapid transit line that would serve the Greater Manila Area of the Philippines. The 12.7 km, 10-station elevated railway would connect Ortigas Center in Metro Manila and the suburban municipality of Taytay, Rizal. It would traverse along Ortigas Avenue and Manila East Road, starting at the former's junction with EDSA in Quezon City to the west until it terminates near the New Taytay Public Market to the east.

Originally proposed as a "heavy monorail" based on the likes of Chongqing Rail Transit's Line 3, the project was revised into a conventional rail system in 2022 upon the recommendation of the project consultants commissioned by the Department of Transportation. Initially expected to cost an estimated ₱59.3 billion (US$1.1 billion), it was raised to ₱87 billion due to design changes. An initial US$1 billion loan from the Asian Development Bank is expected to be signed in 2024, while additional funding is being sought from the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

Route
The project will start at the intersection of EDSA and Ortigas Avenue in Quezon City. It will traverse the Ortigas Avenue corridor until Tikling area in Taytay, Rizal. It will then follow the Taytay Diversion Road alignment until the line ends at the Manila East Road in Taytay. The route is approximately 12.7 km long. Its depot will be located in Taytay, at the site of the cancelled Excelsior Villas development beside Club Manila East and Taytay Municipal Hall.

The line was originally planned to be 15.56 km long with 12 stations. This would have includes the proposed stations of Greenhills, Santolan, and N. Domingo, where the last station would have had an interchange with the LRT Line 2 in Quezon City. According to the project proponent, the N. Domingo to EDSA segment was dropped due to low demand. A 2015 plan conceptualized the western terminus near V. Mapa while a 2019 plan conceptualized it at Gilmore station.

Background
In 1994, the proposal's origins came when the original Line 4 was conceptualized by the Ramos administration with a study by SOFRETU, a French firm. Meanwhile, Spanish firms and Halcrow also participated in the study. A year later, a French consortium led by Javlon International and Bouygues, as well as local firm Ayala Land, submitted the proposal to the government for the proposed elevated railway that would run from the Old Bilibid Prison in Santa Cruz, Manila to Batasan in Quezon City, totaling 15.1 km, while the depot was to be located in the vicinity of the University of the Philippines Diliman campus in Quezon City, as well as the planned extension to Novaliches. The project was approved numerous times in 1995 and first passed in 1998 with a cost of ₱16 billion in budget. It was scheduled to be done in 1999; however, the project would later be shelved when the original proposal status was eventually lost.

As part of the Metro Manila Urban Transportation Integration Study published by the Japan International Cooperation Agency, the proposal was also included. According to the MMUTIS, the rolling stock was supposed to have 5-car light rail vehicles. Meanwhile, the right-of-way for the present Line 4 can be traced to the southeast extension of the LRT Line 2, which would either be an automated guideway transit (AGT) or heavy rail line in the same fashion as the Line 2, as well as a bus rapid transit collector line towards the town of Binangonan in Rizal. However, this would utilize the Shaw Boulevard alignment due to developmental conditions at the time. In the late 2010s, the proposed line was renumbered as the MRT Line 8 and the Quezon Memorial Circle–Batasan Hills segment became the MRT Line 7.

As of 2021, the Ortigas Avenue corridor has an annual average daily traffic of 185,699 vehicles. However, only 9.07 percent of daily traffic comes from public utility vehicles including taxis. An average commute from Tikling in Taytay, Rizal to Ortigas Center can take up to 3 hours during rush hour. This is the primary motivation to build a rail line in the vicinity to improve journey times between the two areas.

Development
A new LRT Line 4 project, was approved by the Investment Coordination Committee (ICC) of the National Economic and Development Authority in June 2015 as a public–private partnership project, with construction slated to begin in 2017 and a targeted opening date in 2021. In 2017, businessman Salvador Zamora II offered a proposal with a Swiss challenge, and he said in a recent interview that he had initial talks with the Department of Transportation. Also in that same year, the proposal was to tap Chinese firms to build. However, the initial project was not pushed through until it was approved for a second time on December 20, 2019.

The contract for the architectural and engineering design of the project was signed by the Department of Transportation and Spanish design consultant IDOM Consulting Engineering, Architecture, SA on October 1, 2021. Meanwhile, on March 30, 2023, the contract for the consultancy services for the operations and maintenance of the line was signed by DOTr and Australia-based Ricardo Rail.

On October 12, 2022, the Department of Transportation confirmed that the Asian Development Bank (ADB) will extend a loan of US$1 billion for the project. The loan agreement, which was initially expected to be signed in 2023, was delayed to 2024 due to undisclosed reasons and again to 2025.

Construction
Pre-construction activities such as soil testing have already begun in some areas along Ortigas Avenue. Actual construction is expected to begin by the second quarter of 2024 and to be completed by 2030. Full operations shall begin by 2031.

In May 2024, the House of Representatives briefing presentation on Metro Manila development has been addressing right-of-way issues for the project, including public utilities.

There are five main components in the project. This includes one each for the mainline, station buildings, depot, electromechanical systems and rolling stock. The presentation indicates that these contract packages are:


 * Contract Package 401: Construction of 5.5 km of the main line viaduct and half of the stations,
 * Contract Package 402: Construction of 7.2 km of the main line viaduct and half of the stations; and
 * Contract Package 403: Construction of the civil works for the depot and the receiving substation.

According to the presentation, there are planned options for contract packages for E&M, trackworks, and rolling stock.


 * Option 1: Contract Package 404 involves E&M works and trackworks, while Contract Package 405 involves the procurement of rolling stock.
 * Option 2: Contract Package 404b involves E&M works, trackworks, and rolling stock.

Alignment between Ortigas Center and LRT-2
The line is a component of the Manila East Rail Transit Project proposed by the Japanese government in February 2015 which aims to provide a medium-capacity rail transport system connecting central and eastern Metro Manila with the province of Rizal. Its proposed alignment is along Ortigas Avenue with an option to extend the line to as far east as the Rizal municipality of Angono on the Manila East Road, and west to either of the following terminals:
 * Option 1: interchange with Santa Mesa station (PNR Metro South Commuter Line) via ADB Avenue, Sheridan Street, Pioneer Street, Boni Avenue, Aglipay Street and Lubiran Street.
 * Option 2: interchange with V. Mapa station (LRT Line 2) via ADB Avenue, Shaw Boulevard, P. Sanchez Street and V. Mapa Street.
 * Option 3: interchange with Gilmore station (LRT Line 2) via a straight path following Ortigas Avenue and Gilmore Avenue in San Juan and its western extension Granada Street in Quezon City.

Option 2 was the chosen alignment of the study owing to its capability to serve the most demand that can alleviate traffic the most on the Taytay-Cainta-Pasig-Mandaluyong-Manila corridor. Construction did not push through despite receiving approval by President Benigno Aquino III last September 2015.

Antipolo Cable Car Project
The Department of Transportation (DOTr) announced that the Philippines' first cable car system may be operational by 2028. Dubbed the Antipolo Cable Car Project, the DOTr plans to have the cable car ferry passengers from the planned Taytay station in the MRT Line 4 to Antipolo. During a Build Better More forum, DOTr Undersecretary Timothy Batan said a feasibility study will be conducted in mid-2025 to determine the project cost, passenger capacity, and other details. The bidding for the project is expected to take place in 2026, with a potential construction period of two years. If the project is awarded in 2026, the cable car system could be operational by 2028. The ADB financed the pre-feasibility study, including the detailed feasibility of the project.

The Antipolo Cable Car Project is intended to complement the MRT-4, providing additional connectivity for residents and economic activities in the densely populated area of Antipolo.

Design
The line will be a generally elevated mass rapid transit (MRT) railway with two tracks.

Originally approved as a heavy monorail line in its MRT Line 4 iteration, the Project Description for scoping (PDS) published in September 2022 presented the possible options of constructing the line as a monorail, a light rail transit, or as a "mass rapid transit" (MRT) system. Of the three options, the MRT option was strongly recommended by IDOM due to ease of maintenance and abundance of technical suppliers. In addition to this, studies conducted by IDOM also determined that the ridership demand along the San Juan-Rizal corridor was higher than expected. Because of this, the recommendation to use a MRT system was accepted by the Department of Transportation later that month.

The guideway will use three different girder designs for the elevated sections: segmental box, precast concrete U-type and dapped-end girders. However, the design of the box girders will be different to that of the North–South Commuter Railway, having a more rounded U shape than that of the boxier design of the NSCR girders.

The line is expected to have a headway of 4 minutes, and can be further lessened to 2 minutes with the introduction of CBTC signaling.

Stations
The stations are divided into two types: the narrow-width and the standard-width stations. For both types, the platform length is consistently 120 m long. These will also have three levels with one each for ground access, concourse and platforms to be built on top of center islands. The narrow width stations are 17 m wide and instead of having its own ground level entries, it will utilize neighboring commercial structures to access the concourse. The standard-width types are 28 m wide and will have its own dedicated ground-level entrance.

EDSA station will have its own design, being 150 m long and will have 2 different concourses.

Rolling stock
The line will initially use 5-car electric multiple unit trains. The stations are also designed for an expansion to 6 cars. The car length for each train is 20 m including couplers, which would mean a total length of 100 m for the initial 5-car trains and 120 m for the 6-car trains. A 5-car train is capable of carrying 1,000 passengers. To achieve the 4-minute headway target, up to 35 trainsets shall be ordered which corresponds to the number of rolling stock operators in the operations stage. The trains will also be 2.8 m wide.

The electrification system will be at 1,500 volts DC using overhead lines as with the LRT Line 2 and the North–South Commuter Railway.

Depot
The Project Description for Scoping (PDS) report recommends the construction of the depot at the former Excelsior Villas site in Taytay, Rizal. It is located at the Rizal end of the line near the municipal hall. Other options include a vacant lot beside SM Taytay and at the Comeco compound in Pasig. The other two sites were put as secondary alternative locations to the Excelsior site as these require additional land acquisition. The Comeco location would also need a significant realignment in the right-of-way.

The depot is expected to have a 24-hour operation and will have stabling facilities, stabling track, traverser system, train storage, workshops and substation facilities.