Mastrevirus

Mastrevirus is a genus of ssDNA viruses, in the family Geminiviridae. Mostly monocotyledonous plants serve as natural hosts. They are vectored by planthoppers. There are 45 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: maize streak virus: maize streak disease (MSD).

Capsid proteins
Mastreviruses have an unusually diverse range of capsid proteins among the Geminiviridae. While all other genera have species with essentially identical proteins (and their producing genetic sequences) among themselves, Mastrevirus has seven protein clusters and three species that each constitute their own.

Taxonomy
The following species are recognized:


 * Axonopus compressus streak virus (ACSV)
 * Bromus catharticus striate mosaic virus
 * Camellia chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CaCDaV)
 * Citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus (CCDaV)
 * Chickpea chlorosis Australia virus
 * Chickpea chlorosis virus
 * Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus
 * Chickpea redleaf virus
 * Chickpea redleaf virus 2
 * Chickpea yellow dwarf virus
 * Chickpea yellows virus
 * Chloris striate mosaic virus
 * Digitaria ciliaris striate mosaic virus
 * Digitaria didactyla striate mosaic virus
 * Digitaria streak virus
 * Dragonfly-associated mastrevirus (DfasMV)
 * Eleusine indica associated virus
 * Eragrostis minor streak virus (EMSV)
 * Eragrostis streak virus
 * Grapevine geminivirus (GraGV)
 * Juncus maritimus-associated virus (JmaV)
 * Limeum africanum-associated virus (LaaV)
 * Maize streak dwarfing virus
 * Maize streak Reunion virus
 * Maize streak virus
 * Maize striate mosaic virus
 * Melenis repens associated virus
 * Miscanthus streak virus
 * Mulberry crinkle-associated virus (MCaV)
 * Miscanthus streak virus (MiSV)
 * Maize streak Reunion virus (MSMV)
 * Oat dwarf virus
 * Panicum streak virus
 * Paspalum dilatatum striate mosaic virus
 * Paspalum striate mosaic virus
 * Passion fruit chlorotic mottle virus (PCMoV)
 * Polygala garcinii-associated virus (PgaV)
 * Rice latent virus 1 (RLV1)
 * Rice latent virus 2 (RLV2)
 * Saccharum streak virus
 * Sorghum arundinaceum associated virus
 * Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 1 (SSMV1)
 * Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 2 (SSMV2)
 * Sugarcane chlorotic streak virus
 * Sugarcane streak Egypt virus
 * Sugarcane streak Reunion virus
 * Sugarcane streak virus
 * Sugarcane striate virus
 * Sugarcane striate virus A (SStV-A)
 * Sugarcane striate virus D (SStV-D)
 * Sugarcane white streak virus (SWSV)
 * Sweet potato symptomless virus 1/''Sweetpotato symptomless mastrevirus 1 (SpSMV1)
 * Switchgrass mosaic-associated virus (SMaV)
 * Tobacco yellow dwarf virus
 * Tomato-associated geminivirus (TaGV)
 * Tomato apical leaf curl virus (ToALCV)
 * Urochloa streak virus
 * Wheat dwarf India virus
 * Wheat dwarf virus

Structure
Viruses in Mastrevirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 22 nm, with a length of 38 nm. Genomes are circular and non-segmented, around 2.6-2.8kb in length.

Life cycle
Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement. Mostly monocotyledonous plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (leafhopper). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.