Matsukura Katsuie

Matsukura Katsuie (松倉 勝家) was a Japanese daimyō of the early Edo period. As the son of Matsukura Shigemasa, Katsuie was notorious for suppressing Catholics in his domain, setting high taxation and assigning intensive labour to its peasants, later causing the Shimabara Rebellion. He was also infamous for a specific method of execution used on disobedient peasants: fitting them with straw overcoats and then setting them on fire.

Although the rebellion was successfully put down, his status and domain were stripped away for misruling in May 1638. After a dead peasant's body was found inside his residence, Katsuie was sent to Edo for further investigation by the government. He was beheaded on August 28, 1638, having been found culpable for abusing his power and disgracing the shogunate. He was the only daimyo to be beheaded during the Edo period; as most dishonored officials were allowed to die through seppuku, this indicates the severity of his crimes.