Mioara Mugur-Schächter

Mioara Mugur-Schächter is a French-Romanian physicist, specialized in fundamental quantum mechanics, probability theory and theory of communication of information. She is also an epistemologist (methodologist) of generation of scientific knowledge. As a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Reims, she founded the Laboratory of Quantum Mechanics and Structures of Information which she directed until 1994. She is currently president of the Centre pour la Synthèse d'une Épistémologie Formalisée (CeSEF).

Biography and research
Born in Romania, she arrived in France in 1962 from Bucharest where she was a researcher at the Institute of Atomic Physics and lecturer at the Institute of Constructions.

In Bucharest, during the period 1957-1959, in total isolation, she established the first invalidation of the proof of John von Neumann's theorem asserting the impossibility of hidden parameters compatible with the quantum mechanical formalism, and she managed to send the manuscript, in English, to Louis de Broglie. Once arrived France she transformed the invalidation of von Neumann's theorem into a PhD thesis under the direction of Louis de Broglie. This thesis was published by Gauthier Villar in 1964 in the collection "Les Grands Problèmes des Sciences", as a book prefaced by Louis de Broglie and titled "Étude du caractère complet de la théorie quantique".

- Her research in France initially continued in a critical manner with the invalidation of Eugene Wigner's theorem on the impossibility of joint probabilities of position and momentum, compatible with the quantum mechanical formalism. This work was published in Foundations of Science on the recommendation of Wigner himself (see the list of works).

- In an international colloquium for the celebration of the 100th anniversary of Einstein's birth, at the Collège de France, she publicly challenged the structure of a theorem in Bell's work on non-locality (see list of works).

- In the 1980s she constructed a "Functional of Opacity of a Statistic with respect to the Law of Probability which is acting".

- In 1994 she founded, with a small group of excellence, the Centre pour la Synthèse d'une Epistémologie Formalisée (CeSEF). The founding Manifesto ("Les Leçons de la Mécanique Quantique") was published in "le Débat", Gallimard. The activities of CeSEF group led to the publication in 2002 of a collective book, "Quantum Mechanics, Mathematica, Cognition and Action" (Kluwer Academic Press, M. Mugur-Schächter &van der Merwe, edts.). Mugur-Schächter's own contribution was reprinted in Foundations of Science, 2002, and then developed in a separate book, "Sur le Tissage des Connaissances" (Lavoisier, 2006), where the Method of Relativised Conceptualisation (MRC) is for the first time constructed and discussed in detail and with rigour.

- In 2013 Mugur-Schächter undertook a great unifying constructive action. In that year she published the first version of an 'Infra-Mécanique Quantique' (Dianoïa-Presses Universitaires), taken up and developed in a book by Presses Universitaires Européennes "Infra-Mécanique Quantique Indéterminisme, Non-localité" in 2017. The construct called Infra-Quantum Mechanics (IQM) is conceived as a structure of reference and immersion for any intelligible mathematical representation of microstates.

- In December 2023, 10 years later, she has closed a final work of Synthesis which can be found on ResearchGate. This work contains (1) an enriched variant of the General Method of Relativised Conceptualisation (MRC); (2) an enriched variant of the Infra-(Quantum Mechanics) in which Bell's non-locality theorem is strictly invalidated, and it appears that a modern microphysics which studies physical entities that cannot be observed by humans cannot be predictive. (3) In addition, the above-mentioned synthesis - in consequence of the correct understanding of Gleason's theorem on contextuality - finally contains a perfectly intelligible Second Quantum Mechanics (QM2), rooted in the infinite and unknowable physical reality, and constructed "Bottom-up" from A to Z.

'The 2023 variant of the Method of Relativised Conceptualisation (MRC) incorporates a Factual Theory of Probability in which a profound unification is achieved between "genetic logic", "genetic probabilities", Shannon's theory of Communication of Information, Karl Popper's concept of Propensity, and Edgar Morin's concept of Complexity. This last construct poses an independent interest for any modern problem that includes factual statistical knowledge.'

Selected publications

 * Étude du caractère complet de la théorie quantique (1964)
 * The quantum mechanical one-system formalism, joint probabilities and locality, in Quantum Mechanics a half Century Later, J. L. Lopes and M. Paty, eds., Reidel, pp. 107-146, 1977
 * Study of Wigner’s Theorem on Joint Probabilities, Found. Phys., Vol. 9, pp. 389-404, 1979.
 * Le concept nouveau de fonctionnelle d’opacité d’une statistique. Etude des relations entre la loi des grands nombres, l’entropie informationnelle et l’entropie statistique, Anns. de l’Inst. H. Poincaré, Section A, vol XXXII, no. 1, pp. 33-71, 1980
 * The Probabilistic-Informational Concept of an Opacity Functional, (en collab. Avec N. Hadjissavas), Kybernetes, pp.189-193, Vol. 11(3), 1982.
 * Toward a Factually induced Spacetime Quantum Logic, Found. of Phys., Vol. 22, No. 7, pp. 963-994, 1992
 * Quantum Probabilities, Komogorov probabilities, and Informational Probabilities, Int. J. Theor. Phys., Vol. 33, No.1, pp. 53-90, 1994.
 * Étude du caractère complet de la théorie quantique, livre, 1964, Thèse de doctorat dirigée et préfacée par Louis de Broglie qui incorpore l'invalidation du théorème de Von Neumann mentionné plus haut, Gauthier Villar, Les Grands Problèmes des Sciences, 1964
 * Réflexion sur le problème de localité, in Einstein 1979-1955, Colloque du Centenaire, Collège de France, 6-9 juin 1979, Éditions du CNRS, p. 249–264, 1980
 * Study of Wigner’s Theorem on Joint Probabilities, Found. Phys., Vol. 9, p. 389–404, 1979.
 * Le concept nouveau de fonctionnelle d’opacité d’une statistique. Étude des relations entre la loi des grands nombres, l’entropie informationnelle et l’entropie statistique, Anns. de l’Inst. H. Poincaré, Section A, vol XXXII, no 1, p. 33–71, 1980
 * The Probabilistic-Informational Concept of an Opacity Functional, (en collab. avec N. Hadjissavas), Kybernetes, p. 189–193, Vol. 11(3), 1982
 * Esquisse d’une représentation générale et formalisée des descriptions et le statut descriptionnel de la mécanique quantique, Epistemological Letters, Lausanne, cahier 36, 1984, p. 1–67.
 * Spacetime Quantum Probabilities, …. Part I…, Found. of Phys., Vol 21, no 12, p. 1387–1449, 1991
 * Spacetime Quantum Probabilities Part II: Relativized Descriptions and Popperian Propensities, Founds. of Phys., 235-312, Vol. 22, 1992
 * Toward a Factually induced Spacetime Quantum Logic, Found. of Phys., Vol. 22, no 7, p. 963–994, 1992
 * From Quantum Mechanics to Universal Structures of Conceptualization and Feedback on Quantum Mechanics, Found. of Phys., Vol. 23, no 1, 37-122, 1993
 * Quantum Probabilities, Komogorov probabilities, and Informational Probabilities, Int. J. of Theor. Phys., Vol. 33, no 1, p. 53–90, 1994
 * Une méthode de conceptualisation relativisée..., Revue Int. de Systémique, Vol. 9, p. 269–303, 1995
 * Objectivity and Descriptional Relativities, Foundations of Science 7, p. 73–180, 2002
 * Quantum Mechanics versus a Method of Relativized Conceptualization, in Quantum Mechanics, Mathematics, Cognition and Action, Proposals for a Formalized Epistemology, M. Mugur-Schächter and Alwyn Van Der Merwe eds., Kluwer Academic, 2002, p. 109–307;
 * Sur le tissage des connaissances3, livre, Hermès-Lavoisier, 2006
 * L'infra-mécanique quantique arXiv:0903.4976v1 [quant-ph], 2009
 * Infra-Quantum Mechanics and Conceptual Invalidation of Bell's Theorem on Non-Locality (en français), arXiv:0903.4976v3 [quant-ph], 2013
 * On the Concept of Probability, in Special issue on Probabilities, Randomness and Statistics, in Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, Cambridge University Press, M. Mugur-Schächter invited ed., 2014
 * Principles of a Second Quantum Mechanics rooted in factuality and constructed bottom-up, arXiv:1506.00431v4 [quant-ph]
 * L'Infra-Mécanique Quantique, Indéterminisme, Non-Localité, livre, Éditions Universitaires Européennes, 2017
 * Synthetic Exposition 2023 of a Second Quantum Mechanics Rooted Into the a-conceptual physical factuality and developed fully bottom-up inside a Theory of Relativized Factual Probabilities generated by a Method of Relativized Conceptualization, Janvier 2024, ResearchGate.