Narendrasena



Narendrasena ((r. c. 455 – 480 CE) ) was a ruler of the Nandivardhana-Pravarapura branch of the Vakataka dynasty. He succeeded his father Pravarasena II as Maharaja.

Early life
Narendrasena was possibly born to Ajnakabhattarika, who may have been the chief queen of Pravarasena II and is mentioned as the mother of "Narindaraja" (possibly referring to Narendrasena) in a charter from Pravarasena's 16th regnal year. Sometime during his father's reign, Narendrasena was married to a princess named Ajjhitabhattarika who was described as the daughter of the "king of Kuntala". It is not known for certain who this "king of Kuntala" was, but he is often identified with the Kadamba king Kakusthavarman who is known to have married his daughters into several prominent royal families.

Reign
The death of Pravarasena II may have been followed by a succession struggle, from which Narendrasena emerged victorious. The Vakataka records state that Narendrasena had to "regain the fortunes of his family" after suffering some undisclosed calamity, which several historians have interpreted as referring to this supposed war of succession after his father's death. However, A.S. Altekar argues that the records instead refer to an invasion of the Vakataka realm by the Nala king Bhavadattavarman of the Bastar region, who is known to have penetrated deep into Vidarbha and occupied Nandivardhana, the erstwhile Vakataka capital. Altekar supposes that Narendrasena successfully drove out the Nalas from his kingdom shortly after the death of Bhavadattavarman.

The inscriptions of Prithivishena II, Narendrasena's son and successor, assert that Narendrasena's authority was acknowledged by the rulers of Kosala, Mekala, and Malava. Many historians regard this claim to be an empty boast or exaggeration, but it is possible that Narendrasena had indeed greatly expanded the Vakataka sphere of influence. The Gupta empire, then the hegemonic power in northern India, was embroiled in a war with invading Huna hordes, which left the Vakatakas free to expand into central India. It is also possible that Narendrasena's prosecution of the war against the Nalas resulted in the further extension of Vakataka authority, especially in the area around present-day Chhattisgarh. Narendrasena might have invaded the Nala homeland and sacked their capital, for Skandavarman, a brother and successor of Bhavadattavarman, is said to have retrieved the fortunes of his family and had to repopulate his capital.