Nelsonia

Nelsonia may refer to:
 * Nelsonia (rodent), a genus of Mexican rodents in the family Cricetidae
 * Nelsonia (plant), a plant genus in the family Acanthaceae
 * Nelsonia, a synonym of Abatetia, a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae
 * Paleonelsonia, a trilobite genus formerly known as Nelsonia
 * Nelsonia, New Zealand, a geographical area covering the northern South Island of New Zealand
 * Nelsonia, Virginia, an unincorporated community in Virginia
 * 3538 Nelsonia, an asteroid