Neocosmospora

Neocosmospora is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae.

The genus was established by Smith in 1899. Species in the genus are saprobes (processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter), endophytes (a fungus that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle), and plant and animal pathogens and they are commonly found in soil, plant debris, living plant material, air and water (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2019; Guarnaccia et al. 2021).

Species
As accepted by Species Fungorum;


 * Neocosmospora arxii
 * Neocosmospora boninensis
 * Neocosmospora endophytica
 * Neocosmospora floridana
 * Neocosmospora indica
 * Neocosmospora kurunegalensis
 * Neocosmospora leucaenae
 * Neocosmospora magnoliae
 * Neocosmospora obliquiseptata
 * Neocosmospora parva
 * Neocosmospora rekana
 * Neocosmospora rubicola
 * Neocosmospora striata
 * Neocosmospora striatispora
 * Neocosmospora thailandica
 * Neocosmospora tuaranensis

Uses of Neocosmospora species
Bioassay-guided fractionation of a fungus Neocosmospora sp. resulted in the isolation of three new resorcylic acid lactones, 'neocosmosin A' (2), 'neocosmosin B' (3) and 'neocosmosin C' (4). As well as three known resorcylic acid lactones, 'monocillin IV' (1), 'monocillin II' (5) and radicicol (6) which were also isolated and identified, where compounds 4–6 show good binding affinity for the human opioid receptors. These findings have important implications for the potential psychoactive effects with this class of compounds.