Neognathostomata

The Neognathostomata are a superorder of sea urchins.

Description and characteristics
They are distinguished from other sea urchins by their irregular shape and a highly modified feeding lantern. The group includes the well known sand dollars, as well as some less familiar and extinct forms.

Taxonomy



 * family Apatopygidae Kier, 1962
 * family Archiaciidae Cotteau & Triger, 1869 †
 * order Cassiduloida
 * superfamily Cassidulina (Philip, 1963b)
 * family Cassidulidae (L. Agassiz and Desor, 1847)
 * superfamily Neolampadina (Philip, 1963b)
 * family Neolampadidae (Lambert, 1918a)
 * family Pliolampadidae (Kier, 1962) †
 * order Clypeasteroida A.Agassiz, 1872 ("sand dollars")
 * suborder Clypeasterina
 * family Clypeasteridae L. Agassiz, 1835
 * family Fossulasteridae Philip & Foster, 1971 †
 * family Scutellinoididae Irwin, 1995 †
 * family Conoclypidae von Zittel, 1879 †
 * family Faujasiidae Lambert, 1905 †
 * family Oligopygidae Duncan, 1889 †
 * family Plesiolampadidae Lambert, 1905 †
 * suborder Scutellina
 * infraorder Laganiformes
 * family Echinocyamidae Lambert & Thiéry, 1914
 * family Fibulariidae Gray, 1855
 * family Laganidae Desor, 1858
 * infraorder Scutelliformes
 * family Echinarachniidae Lambert in Lambert & Thiéry, 1914
 * family Eoscutellidae Durham, 1955 †
 * family Protoscutellidae Durham, 1955 †
 * family Rotulidae Gray, 1855
 * superfamily Scutellidea Gray, 1825
 * family Abertellidae Durham, 1955 †
 * family Astriclypeidae Stefanini, 1912
 * family Dendrasteridae Lambert, 1900
 * family Mellitidae Stefanini, 1912
 * family Monophorasteridae Lahille, 1896 †
 * family Scutasteridae Durham, 1955 †
 * family Scutellidae Gray, 1825
 * family Taiwanasteridae Wang, 1984
 * family Scutellinidae Pomel, 1888a †
 * family Clypeidae Lambert, 1898 †
 * family Clypeolampadidae Kier, 1962 †
 * order Echinolampadoida
 * family Echinolampadidae Gray, 1851a
 * family Nucleolitidae L. Agassiz & Desor, 1847 †
 * family Pygaulidae Lambert, 1905 †
 * genus Pygolampas Saucède, Dudicourt & Courville, 2012 †