Nikolai Avtonomov

Nikolai Petrovich Avtonomov (April 18, 1894, Sergiyevskaya, Don Host Oblast - August 13, 1979, St. Petersburg, Florida, U.S.) was a former Orthodox clergymen and after, an Eastern Catholic clergyman in exile.

Origin
Avtonomov was born on April 6, 1894, in the family of Peter Viktorovich Avtonomov, a priest of Sergiyevskaya, and Anastasia Avtonomov.

Early life and priest career
He studied at Tambov seminary where he was expelled in 1909 from the Class 4 for drunkenness. Since 1909 was a psalmist in Lebedyan. Since 1918, he served there in the rank of priest. In 1920, was a priest in Tsaritsyn (Stalingrad) Russian Orthodox diocese. In 1922 and 1923 declined in renovationist split.

Bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church
On May 18, 1930, being married, Avtonomov was consecrated as bishop of Stavropol and in December 1932 was a renovationist Bishop of Tver. In June 1933, Avtonomov was dismissed for staff. On July 21, 1933, he was dismissed from the Tver diocese for a number of wrong actions that degrade the dignity of bishop. On February 7, 1934, prohibited from serving for tactless activity as rector of the Cathedral of the city of Makhachkala, and then tried to get in Makhachkala autocephaly. On 11 April 1934 he was allowed to priesthood. On August 16, 1934, seconded to the Kursk metropolis] and on September 13, 1934, approved the ruling bishop of Old Oskol diocese. On December 29, 1934, dismissed from the Old-Oskol diocese for staff, with the right to be a dean. On January 30, 1935, seconded to the Metropolitan Ivanovo for superior's place. From December 1935 - on priestly jobs in Ivanovo. On December 5, 1936, was elevated to the rank of archbishop with the appointment of Archbishop Alexander. omova arrested Alexander Boyarsky.

In Ukraine
In December 1942, he was evacuated to the Ukraine, where he managed to deceive the victim shortly Exarch Ukrainian Autonomous Church Metropolitan Alexy (Gromadskaya), which is January 3, 1943 appointed him temporary administrator of the diocese. There were a decision of the three bishops of the Ukrainian Autonomous Church on June 5, 1943, followed by a ban on who calls himself Archbishop Nicholas Avtonomova from serving.

In Poland
On January 29, 1944, with his wife, daughter and granddaughter arrived in Warsaw and at the request of the local German administration, several months ministered various support non-German parts formed from the East.

Relations with ROCOR
May 26, 1944, calling themselves "Orthodox leader for legionnaires and Wehrmacht military units and garrisons in the General Government," for the first time addressed the Synod of Bishops of the ROCOR with a petition to adopt it in canonical communion. Response from the Synod was not followed, but one of its members, the Metropolitan of Berlin and Germany Seraphim (Lade), June 21, wrote to the Archbishop that comes with it and its accompanying Cossacks in communion.

In Germany
After a month with little Avtonomov arrived in Berlin, and at a meeting with Peter Krasnov was able to make a favorable impression on the general. August 8 Head "church essay" Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) Neuhaus agreed to the appointment of Bishop Nicholas of the Main Department of Cossack troops. On August 16, 1945, Avtonomov wrote another petition to the Synod of Bishops, and on August 26, 1945, personally Metropolitan Anastasia (Gribanovsky). The Synod has conducted an investigation and found Avtonomov's imposture. In addition, the Metropolitan Anastasia did act Autonomous Council of Bishops of the Ukrainian Church in Warsaw on April 8, 1944, which confirmed the decision of the three bishops of the Church of June 5, 1943, and the report of the Chairman of the Commission on Ecclesiastical Affairs in the Russian Committee in the General Government A. K. Svitich results of the investigation committee on the matter. On April 9, 1945, Synod of Bishops finally rejected his request for reconsideration.

Conversion to Catholicism
After a few months of autonomy was adopted in Rome in the bosom of the Catholic Church being named Titular bishop of Ratiaria on October 6, 1945, he could preserved the Eastern rite, and then erected by Pope Pius XII to the rank of Metropolitan with a right cross and precarrying awarded a pectoral cross. As Archbishop and Uniate Metropolitan gained autonomy in December 1945, came to Munich, where he began to publish the magazine "The Bell" and gave it to Uniate Church. However, a year and a half was exposed as an impostor, removed and sent to a Catholic monastery.

Arrest by U.S. forces
On December 15, 1947, the U.S. occupation administration arrested on charges of spying for the Soviet Union. On March 10, 1948, Avtonomov was released on bail and the charges for lack of evidence justified the 8th Judicial District Court of the United States military.

Release
After his release, was appointed to the Vatican to work with Russian emigrants in South America. There Avtonomov broke with the Catholics and emigrated to the United States. In the 1950s, several times unsuccessfully tried to cross into the American metropolis and in 1962 filed a petition to adopt him in the Greek Exarchate. In the late 1960s he lived in New Haven, Connecticut. According to some sources he served in Byzantine Catholic Archeparchy of Pittsburgh, in the United States and other cities in Connecticut as a parish priest. Then he lived in retirement.

Death
Avtonomov died on August 13, 1979, in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. He was buried in the same place at the episcopal rank.