Nili (unit)

Nili (נִילי) is a task force established by Israel's Shin Bet and Mossad units in late 2023 to track and assassinate the members of Palestinian militant group Hamas, who organized and carried out the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel on 7 October 2023, which killed more than 1,200 Israelis, the majority civilians.

Nili is an acronym for "Netzah Yisrael Lo Yeshaker," (Hebrew: נצח ישראל לא ישקר) a Biblical phrase from the First Book of Samuel that translates to "the Eternal One of Israel will not lie".

Organization and goals
The unit's ambitions are similar to Operation Wrath of God, which tracked down and assassinated the Palestinian militant group, Black September, who organized and carried out the 1972 Munich massacre killing Israeli athletes.

The unit consists of representatives from both the Shin Bet and Mossad. Kidon operatives have been speculated to also participate in Nili. Whilst Nili's focus is primarily on Hamas's commando Nukhba unit, according to Ahron Bregman of King's College London, Mossad's involvement means that Nili will also go after Hamas members located outside of Gaza. According to a leaked recording, Ronen Bar the head of Shin Bet, told Israeli parliamentarians that Hamas leaders would be killed "in Gaza, in the West Bank, in Lebanon, in Turkey, in Qatar, everywhere...It will take a few years, but we will be there in order to do it."

The organization operates independently of other units, focusing on tracking Hamas strike cells and high-ranking Hamas officials. The personnel include both intelligence and operational staff.

The top targets for the unit include Marwan Issa and Yahya Sinwar, who are suspected of orchestrating the 7 October 2023 attacks.

Criticism
Journalist and author on Israeli security services, Yossi Melman, criticized the campaign stating that the strategy of assassinations “doesn’t solve anything" and is an attempt by Israeli security services to redeem themselves after being humiliated by the success of Hamas attacks.

According to the Guardian, others have suggested that repeated claims by public figures about Nili illustrate a desire amongst Israeli officials to reassure a fearful public.