Oryzias

Oryzias is a genus of ricefishes native to fresh and brackish water in east and south Asia. Some species are widespread and the Japanese rice fish (O. latipes) is commonly used in science as a model organism, while others have very small ranges and are threatened. They are small, up to 8 cm long, and most are relatively plain in colour.

The genus name Oryzias is a reference to the scientific name for rice, Oryza.

They have an unusual reproductive behavior where the female facultatively (optionally) carries the eggs in a cluster at the pelvic or  anal fins for a period after they have been fertilized.

Species


There are currently 33 recognized species in this genus:
 * Oryzias asinua Parenti, Hadiaty, Lumbantobing & Herder, 2013
 * Oryzias bonneorum Parenti, 2008
 * Oryzias carnaticus Jerdon, 1849
 * Oryzias celebensis M. C. W. Weber, 1894 (Celebes medaka)
 * Oryzias curvinotus Nichols & C. H. Pope, 1927
 * Oryzias dancena F. Hamilton, 1822
 * Oryzias eversi Herder, Hadiaty & Nolte, 2012
 * Oryzias hadiatyae Herder & Chapuis, 2010 (Renny's ricefish)
 * Oryzias haugiangensis T. R. Roberts, 1998
 * Oryzias hubbsi T. R. Roberts, 1998
 * Oryzias javanicus Bleeker, 1854 (Javanese ricefish)
 * Oryzias latipes Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (Japanese ricefish)
 * Oryzias luzonensis Herre & Ablan, 1934
 * Oryzias marmoratus Aurich, 1935 (Marmorated medaka)
 * Oryzias matanensis Aurich, 1935 (Matano medaka)
 * Oryzias mekongensis Uwa & Magtoon, 1986
 * Oryzias melastigma McClelland, 1839
 * Oryzias minutillus H. M. Smith, 1945 (Dwarf medaka)
 * Oryzias nebulosus Parenti & Soeroto, 2004
 * Oryzias nigrimas Kottelat, 1990 (black buntingi)
 * Oryzias orthognathus Kottelat, 1990 (Sharp-jawed buntingi)
 * Oryzias pectoralis T. R. Roberts, 1998
 * Oryzias profundicola Kottelat, 1990 (Yellow finned medaka)
 * Oryzias sakaizumii T. Asai, Senou & K. Hosoya, 2012 (Northern medaka)
 * Oryzias sarasinorum Popta, 1905 (Sarasins minnow)
 * Oryzias setnai Kulkarni, 1940 (Malabar ricefish)
 * Oryzias sinensis Y. R. Chen, Uwa & X. L. Chu, 1989
 * Oryzias soerotoi D. F. Mokodongan, Tanaka & Yamahira, 2014
 * Oryzias songkhramensis Magtoon, 2010
 * Oryzias timorensis M. C. W. Weber & de Beaufort, 1922
 * Oryzias uwai T. R. Roberts, 1998
 * Oryzias wolasi Parenti, Hadiaty, Lumbantobing & Herder, 2013
 * Oryzias woworae Parenti & Hadiaty, 2010
 * Oryzias dopingdopingensis Ixchel F. Mandagi, Daniel Frikli Mokodongan, Tanaka & Yamahira, 2018