Outline of Saudi Arabia



The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Saudi Arabia:

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, or KSA, is a sovereign country that comprises the central portion of the Arabian Peninsula of Southwest Asia. Saudi Arabia is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of 34,218,169, and its size is approximately 2,150,000 square km (830,000 square miles).

The Kingdom is sometimes called "The Land of The Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest places of Islam. The Kingdom was founded by Abdul-Aziz bin Saud, whose efforts began in 1902 when he captured the Al-Saud's ancestral home of Riyadh, and culminated in 1932 with the proclamation, and recognition of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Arabia is the world's leading petroleum exporter and petroleum exports fuel the Saudi economy. Oil accounts for more than 90 percent of exports and nearly 75 percent of government revenues, facilitating the creation of a welfare state, which the government has found difficult to fund during periods of low oil prices. Human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have repeatedly expressed concern about the state of human rights in Saudi Arabia, although these concerns have been dismissed by the Saudi government.

General reference

 * Pronunciation:
 * Common English country name: Saudi Arabia
 * Official English country name: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
 * Adjectives: Saudi, Saudi Arabian
 * Demonym(s):
 * Etymology: Name of Saudi Arabia
 * International rankings of Saudi Arabia
 * ISO country codes: SA, SAU, 682
 * ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:SA
 * Internet country code top-level domain: .sa

Geography of Saudi Arabia
Geography of Saudi Arabia
 * Saudi Arabia is: a country
 * Location:
 * Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
 * Eurasia
 * Asia
 * Southwest Asia
 * Middle East
 * Arabian Peninsula
 * Time zone: Saudi Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03)
 * Extreme points of Saudi Arabia
 * High: Jabal Sawda 3133 m
 * Low: Persian Gulf and Red Sea 0 m
 * Land boundaries: 4,431 km
 * 🇾🇪 Yemen 1,458 km
 * 🇮🇶 Iraq 814 km
 * 🇯🇴 Jordan 744 km
 * 🇴🇲 Oman 676 km
 * 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates 457 km
 * 🇰🇼 Kuwait 222 km
 * 🇶🇦 Qatar 60 km
 * Coastline: 2,640 km


 * Population of Saudi Arabia: 34,218,169 - 40th most populous country
 * Area of Saudi Arabia: 2,149,690 km2
 * Atlas of Saudi Arabia
 * Atlas of Saudi Arabia

Environment of Saudi Arabia
Environment of Saudi Arabia
 * Climate of Saudi Arabia
 * Renewable energy in Saudi Arabia
 * Geology of Saudi Arabia
 * Protected areas of Saudi Arabia
 * Biosphere reserves in Saudi Arabia
 * National parks of Saudi Arabia
 * Wildlife of Saudi Arabia
 * Fauna of Saudi Arabia
 * Birds of Saudi Arabia
 * Mammals of Saudi Arabia
 * Saudi Environmental Society

Natural geographic features of Saudi Arabia

 * Glaciers of Saudi Arabia
 * Islands of Saudi Arabia
 * Lakes of Saudi Arabia
 * Mountains of Saudi Arabia
 * Volcanoes in Saudi Arabia
 * Rivers of Saudi Arabia
 * Waterfalls of Saudi Arabia
 * Valleys of Saudi Arabia
 * World Heritage Sites in Saudi Arabia
 * Al-Ahsa Oasis
 * Al-Hijr Archaeological Site (Madâin Sâlih)
 * At-Turaif District in ad-Dir'iyah
 * Historic Jeddah
 * Rock Art in the Hail Region

Regions of Saudi Arabia
Regions of Saudi Arabia

Ecoregions of Saudi Arabia
List of ecoregions in Saudi Arabia

Administrative divisions of Saudi Arabia
Administrative divisions of Saudi Arabia
 * Emirates of Saudi Arabia
 * Governorates of Saudi Arabia
 * Municipalities of Saudi Arabia

Emirates of Saudi Arabia
Emirates of Saudi Arabia

Governorates of Saudi Arabia
Governorates of Saudi Arabia

Municipalities of Saudi Arabia
Municipalities of Saudi Arabia
 * Capital of Saudi Arabia: Riyadh

Demography of Saudi Arabia
Demographics of Saudi Arabia

Government and politics of Saudi Arabia
Politics of Saudi Arabia
 * Form of government:
 * Capital of Saudi Arabia: Riyadh
 * Elections in Saudi Arabia
 * Political parties in Saudi Arabia

Executive branch of the government of Saudi Arabia

 * Head of state: King of Saudi Arabia
 * Head of government: Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
 * Cabinet of Saudi Arabia

Legislative branch of the government of Saudi Arabia

 * Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia

Judicial branch of the government of Saudi Arabia
Judiciary of Saudi Arabia
 * Supreme Judicial Council of Saudi Arabia

Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia
Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia
 * Diplomatic missions in Saudi Arabia

International organization membership
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a member of:


 * The executive board of UNESCO for 2019-2023


 * African Development Bank Group (AfDB) (nonregional member)
 * Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
 * Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)
 * Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)
 * Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
 * Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC)
 * Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
 * Group of 77 (G77)
 * Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (G20)
 * International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
 * International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
 * International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
 * International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
 * International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
 * International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
 * International Finance Corporation (IFC)
 * International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
 * International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
 * International Labour Organization (ILO)
 * International Maritime Organization (IMO)
 * International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
 * International Monetary Fund (IMF)
 * International Olympic Committee (IOC)
 * International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
 * International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
 * International Telecommunication Union (ITU)


 * International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
 * Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
 * Islamic Development Bank (IDB)
 * League of Arab States (LAS)
 * Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
 * Nonaligned Movement (NAM)
 * Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
 * Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
 * Organization of American States (OAS) (observer)
 * Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)
 * Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
 * Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
 * United Nations (UN)
 * United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
 * United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
 * United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
 * United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)
 * Universal Postal Union (UPU)
 * World Customs Organization (WCO)
 * World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
 * World Health Organization (WHO)
 * World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
 * World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
 * World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
 * World Trade Organization (WTO)

Law and order in Saudi Arabia

 * Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia
 * Constitution of Saudi Arabia
 * Crime in Saudi Arabia
 * Human rights in Saudi Arabia
 * LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia
 * Freedom of religion in Saudi Arabia
 * Women's rights in Saudi Arabia
 * Gender segregation in Saudi Arabia
 * Law enforcement in Saudi Arabia

Military of Saudi Arabia
Military of Saudi Arabia
 * Command
 * Commander-in-chief:
 * Ministry of Defence of Saudi Arabia
 * Forces
 * Defense Forces
 * Army of Saudi Arabia
 * Navy of Saudi Arabia
 * Air Force of Saudi Arabia
 * Royal Saudi Air Defense
 * Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force
 * Guard Forces
 * Royal Guard
 * National Guard
 * Military ranks of Saudi Arabia

Local government in Saudi Arabia
Local government in Saudi Arabia

History of Saudi Arabia
History of Saudi Arabia
 * Timeline of the history of Saudi Arabia
 * Ancient towns in Saudi Arabia
 * Economic history of Saudi Arabia
 * History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia
 * Military history of Saudi Arabia
 * Modern history of Saudi Arabia

Culture of Saudi Arabia
Culture of Saudi Arabia
 * Architecture of Saudi Arabia
 * Tallest buildings in Saudi Arabia
 * Cuisine of Saudi Arabia
 * Festivals in Saudi Arabia
 * Languages of Saudi Arabia
 * Media in Saudi Arabia
 * Newspapers in Saudi Arabia
 * Television in Saudi Arabia
 * National symbols of Saudi Arabia
 * Emblem of Saudi Arabia
 * Flag of Saudi Arabia
 * National anthem of Saudi Arabia
 * People of Saudi Arabia
 * Polygamy in Saudi Arabia
 * Prostitution in Saudi Arabia
 * Public holidays in Saudi Arabia
 * Records of Saudi Arabia
 * Religion in Saudi Arabia
 * Buddhism in Saudi Arabia
 * Christianity in Saudi Arabia
 * Hinduism in Saudi Arabia
 * Irreligion in Saudi Arabia
 * Islam in Saudi Arabia
 * Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia
 * Ahmadiyya in Saudi Arabia
 * Judaism in Saudi Arabia
 * Sikhism in Saudi Arabia
 * World Heritage Sites in Saudi Arabia
 * Mada'in Saleh
 * Rock Art in the Ha'il Region

Art in Saudi Arabia

 * Art in Saudi Arabia
 * Cinema of Saudi Arabia
 * Literature of Saudi Arabia
 * Music of Saudi Arabia
 * Theatre in Saudi Arabia

Sports in Saudi Arabia
Sport in Saudi Arabia
 * List of sports venues in Saudi Arabia
 * Football in Saudi Arabia
 * Saudi Arabia national football team
 * Saudi Arabian Football Federation
 * Saudi Arabia at the Olympics
 * Sports venues in Saudi Arabia

Economy and infrastructure of Saudi Arabia
Economy of Saudi Arabia
 * Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2018): 18th
 * Member of Group of Twenty (G20)
 * Agriculture in Saudi Arabia
 * Banking in Saudi Arabia
 * Banks in Saudi Arabia
 * Communications in Saudi Arabia
 * Internet in Saudi Arabia
 * Telephone numbers in Saudi Arabia
 * Companies of Saudi Arabia
 * Currency of Saudi Arabia: Riyal
 * ISO 4217: SAR
 * Energy in Saudi Arabia
 * Nuclear energy in Saudi Arabia
 * Oil industry in Saudi Arabia
 * Solar power in Saudi Arabia
 * Health care in Saudi Arabia
 * Mining in Saudi Arabia
 * Saudi Arabian Stock Exchange
 * Saudi Parallel Market (Nomu)
 * Tourism in Saudi Arabia
 * Transport in Saudi Arabia
 * Airports in Saudi Arabia
 * Rail transport in Saudi Arabia
 * Roads in Saudi Arabia
 * Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia
 * Irrigation in Saudi Arabia

Education in Saudi Arabia
Education in Saudi Arabia
 * Universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia