P-Model (album)

P-Model is the eighth studio album by P-Model and the first by the "defrosted" lineup.

Background
In the aftermath of the band's hiatus ("freezing") in 1988, P-Model's members went their own separate ways. After releasing three solo albums, frontman Susumu Hirasawa rebuilt the band out of several backing members from his concerts. The new "defrosted" (解凍) lineup comprised pre-hiatus P-Model member Hikaru Kotobuki, returning founding member Katsuhiko Akiyama and associate Yasuchika Fujii.

P-Model officially returned in September 1991.

Composition
On this album, P-Model introduced a machine-like, sci-fi sound to its style, heavily influenced by Amiga computers, which Hirasawa and Kotobuki used for production. This extended to the lyrical themes of the album, being focused on science, technology, and computers.

Track listing
All tracks arranged by Hirasawa, except 2 & 8 by Kotobuki and 5 & 10 by Akiyama. All track titles are stylized in all caps. The total running time of the last track (the last two songs with 3 minutes of silence separating them) is 8:48.

Personnel

 * P-Model
 * Susumu Hirasawa - vocals, electric guitar, synthesizers, Amiga ("Say" program - lead vocals on "Error of Universe", additional vocals on "Wire Self" and "Clear"), programming, producer, mixing engineer on "Grid"
 * Katsuhiko Akiyama - synthesizers, programming, lead vocals on "Clear", backing vocals
 * Hikaru Kotobuki - synthesizers, Compact Macintosh, programming, lead vocals on "Lab=01", backing vocals
 * Yasuchika Fujii - electronic drums, backing vocals on "Vista"


 * technical
 * Masanori Chinzei (Magnet Records) - engineer (mixing and recording), backing vocals on "Vista"
 * Motohiro Yamada (Eggs), Hajime Nagai (Z's), Shinichi Tomita (Mix), Osamu Konishi (Den), Fumio Hasegawa (Sound Sky), Atsunori Horioka and Tsukasa Okamoto (Sonata Club) - second engineers
 * Reiko Miyoshi (Tokyu Fun) - mastering engineer


 * visuals
 * Kiyoshi Inagaki (D.D.T.) - art director, design
 * Hideki Namai - photography
 * Kazunori Yoshida - hair & make-up
 * Akemi Tsujitani - styling
 * Takaaki Taguchi - costume design
 * Norimizu Ameya (inner, back photos) and Seiko Mikami (back photo) - objet d'art


 * operations
 * Osamu Takeuchi (Polydor K.K.) - director
 * I3 Promotion - management
 * Yūichi Kenjo - co-producer, backing vocals on "Vista"
 * Hiroki Yamaguchi - personal manager
 * Shoko Mashio, Takeshi Fujita - publicity coordination
 * Tsutomu Fukushima - stage coordination
 * Masami Fujii (Pre Octave) - publisher


 * special thanks
 * AC Unit, Korg, Arai & Co., Rihito, M, Yasumi Tanaka