Paluma, Queensland

Paluma is a town in the City of Townsville and a locality split between the City of Townsville and the Charters Towers Region in Queensland, Australia. In the, the locality of Paluma had a population of 87 people.

It is in the Mount Spec Ranges and is the southernmost point of Townsville's heritage-listed Wet Tropics.

Geography
The town of Paluma is in the east of the locality in the 10 km2 of the locality within the City of Townsville. The residential land use is mostly within the town.The remaining 2286.2 km2 to the west in the Charters Towers Region has a mix of uses including grazing on native vegetation, the Paluma Range National Park, the Paluma State Forest, and the Mount Zero Taravale Private Nature Reserve (operated by the Australian Wildlife Conservancy).

The now-closed Greenvale railway line passed through the locality which was served by the now-abandoned Girrinjah railway station (-19.3196°N, 145.9668°W).

Paluma has the following mountains:


 * Black Hill (-18.9407°N, 145.7708°W) 534 m
 * Krugers Hill (-18.8916°N, 145.8968°W)
 * Mount Bitalli (-18.9157°N, 145.7717°W)
 * Mount Bradley (-19.1341°N, 145.897°W) 548 m
 * Mount Brown (-19.1238°N, 145.8061°W) 449 m
 * Mount Foxton (-19.2701°N, 145.8201°W) 464 m
 * Mount Julia (-19.1681°N, 145.7952°W) 530 m
 * Mount Moss (-19.0856°N, 145.8475°W)
 * Mount Nokomis (-19.2538°N, 146.035°W) 697 m
 * Mount Podge (-19.2956°N, 145.9494°W) 547 m
 * Mount Ryan (-18.885°N, 145.9133°W) 815 m
 * Mount Spectacle (-19.1069°N, 145.847°W) 472 m
 * Mount Zero (-19.0539°N, 146.0968°W) 1041 m
 * Pinnacle (-19.1167°N, 145.8781°W)
 * Powell Knob (-19.0919°N, 145.8464°W) 439 m
 * Snake Hill (-18.9556°N, 145.7907°W)
 * Sugarloaf (-18.9764°N, 145.7821°W) 567 m
 * Trial Hill (-18.9807°N, 145.8047°W) 662 m
 * Twin Hills (-18.9866°N, 145.7611°W) 579 m
 * Willett Knob (-19.0879°N, 145.8422°W) 427 m

History
The area was originally known as Cloudy Clearing until it was renamed Paluma in 1934.

It developed from a mining and forestry background. The first people to arrive here were tin prospectors in the 1870s after an abundance of tin in the mountains. The area remained isolated until a road was built up the range in the 1930s. This industry lasted for years until landowners worked together to shut it down. The tin industry was using the creeks for washing the tin; however, this was incompatible with using the creeks for Paluma's water supply.

Running River Provisional School opened in 1946 but closed on 31 December 1949. The school re-opened on 2 February 1954 but closed on 21 June 1963. It re-opened on 23 January 1965 and closed on 10 April 1974. It subsequently re-opened and closed permanently on 16 December 1994. It was at 28 Furber Road (also known as Breakaway Road and Ewan Road, -18.9777°N, 146.0262°W); it was a 5 acre site with a frontage onto Running River.

Paluma Temporary School opened on 28 September 1950, becoming Paluma State School in 1952. The school closed on 19 July 1968 due to falling enrolments.

The Paluma Environmental Education Centre was established in 1977 by the Queensland Department of Education on the site of Paluma State School.

Demographics
In the, the locality of Paluma had a population of 68 people.

In the, the locality of Paluma had a population of 87 people.

Heritage listings
The Mount Spec Road and Little Crystal Creek Bridge is a heritage-listed road with stone-faced arch bridge in the Mount Spec Ranges built in 1933. It is the only arch road bridge that remains in service in Queensland. Crystal clear water flows down the creek filling the deep pools of Little Crystal Creek, making it an excellent natural swimming hole. It is listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.

Education
Paluma Environmental Education Centre is an Outdoor and Environmental Education Centre at 53 Mt Spec Road (-19.0082°N, 146.2074°W). The school provides students from years 1 to 12 the opportunity to engage with the natural environment with one of the classrooms built underneath the canopy of the forest.

There are no mainstream schools in Paluma. The nearest government primary schools are Mutarnee State School in Mutarnee to the north-east of the town of Paluma and Mount Fox State School in neighbouring Mount Fox to the north-west. The nearest government secondary school is Ingham State High School in Ingham to the north. However, much of this large locality is too distant from these schools and the options would be distance education or boarding schools.