Pancha-Dravida

Pancha Dravida is one of the two major groupings of Brahmins in Hinduism, of which the other is Pancha-Gauda.

In Rajatarangini
Kalhana, in his Rajatarangini (c. 12th century CE), classifies the following five Brahmin communities as Pancha Dravida, stating that they reside to the south of the Vindhyas:


 * Karnataka (Karnataka Brahmins)
 * Tailanga (Telugu Brahmins)
 * Dravida (Brahmins of Tamil Nadu and Kerala)
 * Maharashtraka (Maharashtrian Brahmins)
 * Gurjara (Gujarati, Marwari and Mewari Brahmins )

In the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa
A fragment of the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa, featured in Hemadri's Chatur-varga-chintamani (13th century), quotes Shiva to name the following divisions of the Pancha Dravidas:


 * Drāviḍa
 * Tailaṅga
 * Karnāṭa
 * Madhyadeśa (identified with Mahārāṣṭra in variant readings)
 * Gurjara

In the kaifiyats
The Maratha-era kaifiyats (bureaucratic records) of Deccan, which give an account of the society in the southern Maratha country, mention the following Brahmin communities as Pancha Dravida:


 * Andhra-Purva Desastha
 * Dravida Desastha
 * Karnataka Brahmins
 * Desastha

The kafiyats classify the Gurjara Brahmins as Pancha Gauda. They also mention the following 16 sub-castes of the Pancha-Dravidas:


 * Smarta
 * Konkanastha
 * Karhade
 * Varkari
 * Madhyandin
 * Vanas
 * Karnatak
 * Shashtik
 * Nandavamshik
 * Srivaishnav Telang
 * Srivaishnava
 * Pratham-Shakhikanva
 * Kirvant
 * Sihavasai
 * Nurcher
 * Shenavi
 * Govalkonde