Pathros



Pathros (פַּתְרוֹס; Paṯrōs; Φαθωρῆς, Phathōrēs; Koine Παθούρης, Pathourēs) refers to Upper Egypt, primarily the Thebaid where it extended from Elephantine fort to modern Asyut north of Thebes. Gardiner argues it extended to the north no farther than Abydos. It is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in Jeremiah 44:1 and 15; Isaiah 11:11; and Ezekiel 29:14, 30:14. It is the homeland of the "Pathrusim".

The name is a loan from Egyptian pꜣ tꜣ-rsy "the southern land" (e.g., pBritish Museum EA 10375, line 16; cf. Sahidic Coptic ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲣⲏⲥ and Bohairic Coptic ⲡⲁⲑⲟⲩⲣⲏⲥ. )  As in Hebrew and Greek, the term was used in Akkadian by the Assyrians as, for example in the Annals of Esarhaddon.