Peruvian ironclad Independencia

BAP Independencia was a broadside ironclad built in England for the Peruvian Navy during the mid-1860s. During the War of the Pacific of 1879–83, Independencia ran aground while pursuing the Chilean schooner Covadonga during the Battle of Punta Gruesa on 21 May 1879. The survivors were rescued by Huáscar and the wreck destroyed to prevent its capture.

Description
Independencia was 215 ft long between perpendiculars, had a beam of 44 ft and a draft of 22 ft. The ship displaced 3500 LT. She had one trunk steam engine that drove her single propeller. The engine produced 2200 ihp which gave the ship a speed of 12 kn. For long-distance travel, Independencia was fitted with three masts and barque rigged. She had a crew of 250 officers and crewmen.

The ship was armed with four Armstrong 7 in, twelve 6 in and four 30-pounder rifled, muzzle-loading guns. The 7-inch guns were on pivot mountings on the spar deck. She was a central-battery ironclad with the armament concentrated amidships. Independencia was equipped with a ram at her bow and her hull was divided into three watertight compartments. The ship had a complete waterline armor belt 4.5 in thick. Her battery was protected by armor plates equally as thick.

Construction and career
Independencia was built by Samuda Brothers at their shipyard in Poplar, London. She was laid down in 1864 and launched on 8 August 1865 and completed in December 1866. She had her boilers replaced in 1878. In February 1879, her armament was reinforced by a 9 in rifled, muzzle-loading pivot gun in the bow and a 150-pounder Parrott gun in the stern, also on a pivoting mount.

On 21 May, she was in pursuit of Covadonga after the Battle of Iquique and attempted to ram the Chilean ship as Independencia had only hit her opponent once thus far. The smaller Covadonga was hugging the coastline and one of her sharpshooters shot Independencia's helmsman just as the ship began to turn. Without anyone at the wheel, Independencia ran aground. Covadonga turned around and came up aft of Independencia's stern and raked her, forcing her surrender, until Huáscar drove off the Chilean ship. Independencia's casualties were four dead and eleven wounded; the ship was a total loss and only two 7-inch guns could be salvaged. Huáscar loaded Independencia's crew aboard and blew up the wreck and set it on fire to prevent her capture.