Phu Pha Daeng Wildlife Sanctuary

Phu Pha Daeng Wildlife Sanctuary (เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าภูผาแดง;) is a wildlife sanctuary in Lom Sak District of Thailand's Phetchabun Province. The sanctuary covers an area of 235 km2 and was established in 1999.

Geography
Phu Pha Daeng Wildlife Sanctuary is located about 35 km northeast of Phetchabun town in Ban Klang, Ban Tio, Chang Talut, Huai Rai, Pak Chong and Thai Ibun subdistricts of Lom Sak District of Phetchabun Province. The sanctuary's area is 235 km2 and is abutting Nam Nao National Park to the north and east and Tat Mok National Park to the south. Landscape is largely covered by forests and in the west by mountains, the altitude varies from 200 m to 1143 m. This part of the Phetchabun Mountains has several small streams, which are tributaries of the Pa Sak River.

Topography
Landscape is mostly covered by forested mountains, such as Phu Luak, Khao Khok Dein Thasi, Khao Khun Nam Phai and Khao Wang Han. The total forested area is 98%, divided into 66% high slope mountain area (mountain tops, high ridges, deeply incised streams, shallow valleys, upper slopes and local ridges) and 32% hill slope area (open slopes, midslope ridges and u-shaped valleys).

Climate
The climate is characterised by three seasons: a wet season from May to October, a cooler, dry period from November to the beginning of February and a hot, dry season from mid-February to the beginning of May. Average highest temperature is 28.1 C and the average lowest temperature is 10.2 C. The average precipitation amounts to 1,458 mm per year. The average relative humidity is 76.0 percent.

Flora
The sanctuary features mixed deciduous forest (75%), dry deciduous forest (15%), conifer forest (5%), agricultural area (2%) and bamboo forest (2%).

Fauna
In the sanctuary are the following number of species: 17 mammals, 93 birds, 20 reptiles and 28 amphibians. Mammals in the sanctuary are: • Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus)

• Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus)

• Asian wild dog (Cuon alpinus)

• Barking deer (Muntiacus spp.)

• Gibbon (Hylobates spp.)

• Macaque (Macaca spp.)

• Mainland serow (Capricornis sumatraensis)

• Malayan porcupine (Hystrix brachyura)

• Pangolin (Manis spp.)

• Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) One mammal species is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List: • Asian wild dog (Cuon alpinus) Three mammal species are listed as Vulnerable: • Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus)

• Mainland serow (Capricornis sumatraensis)

• Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor)