Polerovirus

Polerovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Solemoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 26 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: PLRV causes prominent rolling of the leaves of potato and a stiff upright habit of the plants; necrosis of the phloem and accumulation of carbohydrates in the leaves.

Structure
Viruses in Polerovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 23 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 5.3-5.7kb in length.

Taxonomy
The following species are recognized:


 * Beet chlorosis virus
 * Beet mild yellowing virus
 * Beet western yellows virus
 * Carrot red leaf virus
 * Cereal yellow dwarf virus RPS
 * Cereal yellow dwarf virus RPV
 * Chickpea chlorotic stunt virus
 * Cotton leafroll dwarf virus
 * Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus
 * Faba bean polerovirus 1
 * Maize yellow dwarf virus RMV
 * Maize yellow mosaic virus
 * Melon aphid-borne yellows virus
 * Pepo aphid-borne yellows virus
 * Pepper vein yellows virus 1
 * Pepper vein yellows virus 2
 * Pepper vein yellows virus 3
 * Pepper vein yellows virus 4
 * Pepper vein yellows virus 5
 * Pepper vein yellows virus 6
 * Potato leafroll virus
 * Pumpkin polerovirus
 * Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus
 * Sugarcane yellow leaf virus
 * Tobacco vein distorting virus
 * Turnip yellows virus

Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning, −1 ribosomal frameshifting, and suppression of termination. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (plrv: myzus persicae). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.