Port Shepstone

Port Shepstone is a large town situated on the mouth of the Mzimkhulu River, the largest river on the KwaZulu-Natal South Coast of South Africa. It is located halfway between Hibberdene and Margate and is positioned 120 km south of Durban. It serves as the administrative, educational, industrial and commercial centre for southern Natal.

History
Port Shepstone was founded in 1867 when marble was discovered near the Mzimkhulu River mouth and is named after Sir Theophilus Shepstone of the Natal government of the 1880s.

William Bazley began building a harbour, and the work was later taken over by William Barnes Kinsey, who was the engineer in charge of building Port Shepstone harbour in 1898. The first coaster entered the harbour on May 8, 1880. In 1882 a party of 246 Norwegian immigrants settled in the town and subsequently started to play a major role in the development of the area. Post the opening of the railway to Durban in 1901, the harbour fell into disuse and eventually the river silted up again, making it impossible to use. The 27,000-candela lighthouse still stands at the mouth of the Mzimkulu River.

Norwegian settlers
Norwegian immigration to Port Shepstone began in the late 19th century, when 246 Norwegians (along with 175 British and 112 German settlers) came ashore with a steamship which arrived in 1882. The soon-to-be settlers founded a nearby interior village within the same year, known as Marburg. The Norwegian settlers played a large role in the development of not only Marburg, but also Port Shepstone and nearby areas. Norwegian immigration to the region was a result of the Natal Immigration Board’s efforts to claim land for Europeans in South Africa. When the Norwegians first arrived, they were the largest European group in Alfred County. Remains of the Norwegian presence can still be seen today in certain places of the town, such as, Fredheim and Oslo Beach, with its main street King Haakon Drive.

The Norwegians erected a Norwegian Lutheran church, school, cultural hall, choir, and rowing club. A newspaper in Norwegian language was also distributed in Port Shepstone. Drinks such as akvavit and cuisine, including cheese from soured milk, were easily accessible. When the Norwegians arrived, few European settlers lived in the area and the town of Port Shepstone consisted of one hotel, two cabins, one shop, and little else.

After Norwegian settlement
Port Shepstone was declared “a full fiscal port’ in 1893, and after Durban officially became the region’s second harbour. Eventually, though, the ongoing wreckages and arrival of the railway, was to see the gradual closure of the harbour and the start of the real Port Shepstone boom.

When the railroad arrived in Port Shepstone in 1901, the travel time to Durban was reduced to five hours, and the town became far less isolated. The railway connection opened for increased immigration for other settlers, and the Norwegians were soon outnumbered by German and British settlers. Between 1911 and 1912, the number of students at the Norwegian school became too low for the school to keep open, and it consequentially closed.

Apartheid era
In 1950, the Group Areas Act. racially divided Port Shepstone similar to many other towns and cities in South Africa. Port Shepstone proper (Sheppie) was classified "white" and was managed by its town board. The "white" suburbs of the town included the little coastal villages of Umtentweni, Sea Park, Southport, Anerley and Sunwich Port to the north and Oslo Beach to the south. To the west, Marburg was classified as an "Indian area" which was one of the four Indian proclaimed townships in the KwaZulu-Natal province and Merlewood was classified as a "Coloured area" with 3000 Coloureds as its first people settling there. In the late 1960s, Albersville, just west of the CBD was classified as an "Indian area".

The N2 highway that cuts through Port Shepstone acted as a border between the "non-white" areas to the west and the "white" areas to the east (excluding Albersville) which was planned by apartheid planners.

At the time, there was no township present in Port Shepstone due to the management of the "black" area which was creating a problem because the Nsimbini Tribal Authority claimed the extension of their territory on white land which was their in the past. The Grand Apartheid policies initiated in the 60’s is going to include the two “villages” of Boboyi and Murchison in the KwaZulu bantustan.

Notable People

 * Roland Victor Norris (1888–1950), biochemist, died in Shepstone
 * Theophilus Shepstone (1817–1893), statesman

Law and government
Port Shepstone is located within the Ray Nkonyeni Local Municipality, forming part of the Ugu District Municipality and functions as the municipal seat for both municipalities. The town hosts a Magistrate's Court and most central and provincial government departments maintain regional branches or other offices here.

Suburban areas
The 2011 census divided the urban area of Port Shepstone into 17 “sub places” including:
 * Albersville
 * Anerley
 * Bomela
 * Broadview Estate
 * Grosvenor
 * Lion's Grove
 * Louisiana
 * Merlewood
 * Marburg
 * Mzimakwe
 * Oslo Beach
 * Port Shepstone (Proper)
 * Sea Park
 * Southport
 * Sunwich Port
 * Umbango
 * Umtentweni

Economic role
Port Shepstone is the main economic hub on the South Coast with a diverse economy, ranging from manufacturing, commerce, service, hospitality, mining and service providing companies. Although it is situated in the centre of the Hibiscus Coast, which mostly comprises a network of coastal resorts, Port Shepstone is still able display itself as an administrative, industrial and economic centre. Owing to its regional status and central location, the town has become the major support hub for surrounding farming communities and smaller towns.

Manufacturing and industries
Port Shepstone is the main industrial centre on the South Coast, mainly served by the industrial suburb of Marburg. The town's industries also include Illovo Sugar's Umzimkhulu Sugar Mill, a lime works and a marble quarry. Additionally, timber, wattle bark and sub-tropical fruit are produced in the district.

Retail
The central business district of Port Shepstone is the main commercial and civic node of the town, containing several shops, car dealerships, restaurants and shopping centres. The major shopping centres in the CBD include Oribi Plaza, which is the largest in Port Shepstone, Sheppie Mall, Ithala Centre and Bargain City Centre. For greater variety, residents usually head to Shelly Beach which is home to two of the largest shopping centres on the South Coast, Shelly Centre and Southcoast Mall.

Tourism
Although Port Shepstone is a regional economic centre at its core, it does house a few tourist attractions which include: The Mzimkhulu River marina has leisure boat trips on the river in which people can admire the rich wildlife and bird life along the banks of the river; the Port Shepstone Museum which includes the town's history with a series of exhibits carrying a maritime theme and the Port Shepstone Lighthouse, which has a 27 000 candela lighthouse that still stands at the mouth of the Mzimkhulu River. The present day cast iron lighthouse was erected during 1906 and can still be explored today.

The main swimming beach in Port Shepstone is Port Shepstone Beach. South of Port Shepstone is Oslo Beach, while north of Port Shepstone are the beaches of Umtentweni Beach (also known as Tweni Beach), Sea Park Beach, Southport Beach, Sunwich Port Beach, Banana Beach and Melville Beach.

Port Shepstone also serves as the gateway to the numerous attractions along the South Coast namely the Oribi Gorge (21 km west of Port Shepstone), Aliwal Shoal, Umtanvuma Nature Reserve, Pure Venom Reptile Farm and the Riverbend Crocodile Farm among others.

Sports
Port Shepstone Country Club is a large 18-hole golf course located on the northern banks of the uMzimkhulu River in Umtentweni. Opened in 1912, the country club has been voted consecutively for 8 years as the Best Golf Course on the South Coast in the South Coast Herald’s Readers’ Choice Awards.

Education
The first school was opened in 1883, but by 1950, the school became too small. The Port Shepstone School split into two, the Port Shepstone Primary School and the Port Shepstone High School. There is also the Port Shepstone Secondary School. There are other schools in the surrounding areas such as Mlonde High School, Marburg Secondary School, Marburg Primary School, R.A Engar Primary School, Jai Hind Primary School, Margate Middle School, Margate Primary, Ingwemabala Comprehensive High School, Makhanda Secondary School and Insingizi Combined Primary School.

Media
Local newspapers in Port Shepstone include the South Coast Herald and South Coast Fever which serve the entirety of the KwaZulu-Natal South Coast.

The Ugu Youth Radio is a youth radio which is based in Port Shepstone and caters to the needs of the Zulu-speaking community. Other radios which serve Port Shepstone and surroundings include East Coast Radio, Gagasi FM, Vuma FM and Ukhozi FM, all of which are based either to the North of KwaZulu-Natal or central Durban.

Air
The nearest airport is Margate Airport, which is located in the namesake town and is about 20 km south-west of Port Shepstone. The airport is small-scale, and only offers one scheduled domestic route to Johannesburg. King Shaka International Airport, near Durban, is about 158 km north-east of Port Shepstone and has many domestic and international air routes.

Buses
Nowadays regular daily bus services connect Port Shepstone to other major cities in South Africa. These buses normally terminate in different locations in the CBD such as near Port Shepstone High School, Shell petrol station and opposite the Oribi Plaza Shopping Centre. Bus companies that operate long-distance routes to and from Port Shepstone include Intercape, Intercity, Greyhound and Citiliner.

Rail
Port Shepstone railway station opened in 1917, serving as both the southern terminus of the Cape gauge line from & to Durban, as well as the southern coastal terminus of the narrow gauge Alfred County Railway to Harding.

After the standard gauge Transnet passenger services shut down in 1986, the ACR continued operations until 2005, when the famous Banana Express ceased operation.

Roads
Port Shepstone is situated at the meeting point of three major routes (N2, R61 and R102) known as the Marburg Interchange or Exit 45. The N2 national route connects the town with Durban to the north-east and Kokstad to the west. Running north along the coast, the R102 which is the older section of the N2 connects the town with Melville and Hibberdene. Running south, the R61 provincial route connects the town with Margate and Port Edward.

Now, there is currently construction of the N2 Wild Coast Toll Route, which will effectively re-designate the R61 highway heading south from the Marburg Interchange past Port Edward as the N2 (it will no-longer be designated as the R61) once the new route is complete. Also, the road from Marburg westwards past Kokstad will effectively be re-designated as the R102 (it will no-longer be designated as the N2).

Port Shepstone is also the northern end of the R620 (Marine Drive) which runs south along the coast via Shelly Beach, Uvongo, Margate, Ramsgate to Southbroom. The town is also accessed via Rethman Drive (connecting Umtentweni with St Faith’s) and Izotsha Road (connecting Marburg with Izotsha and Gamalakhe).

Tolling
The N2 and R61 are the main routes forming the South Coast Toll Route (between Southbroom and Hibberdene) which involves payment of toll. Traffic arriving in Port Shepstone from the north to proceed on the R61 (in the direction of Port Edward), traffic heading north on the N2 (in the direction of Durban) or traffic turning off at exit 45 from the north must pass through the mainline of the Oribi Toll Plaza. Traffic heading south to join the R61 from exit 45 or turning off at exit 45 from the south must pass through ramp toll plazas of the Oribi Toll Plaza on the respective on and off-ramps.

The R102 to Hibberdene serves as the untolled alternative route to the N2 and the R620 to Margate and Southbroom serves as the untolled alternative route to the R61.

Public Hospitals

 * Port Shepstone Regional Hospital
 * Situated in the Port Shepstone CBD, it is the largest medical facility on the South Coast aimed at serving the region.

Private Hospitals

 * Hibiscus Hospital Port Shepstone
 * Situated in the Port Shepstone CBD, it was formerly named the Hibiscus Private Hospital and is flagship of the Hibiscus Hospital Group (a hospital group based in KwaZulu-Natal).

Municipal clinics

 * Port Shepstone Clinic
 * Umtentweni Clinic

Provincial clinics

 * Marburg Clinic