Portal:Anarchism/Anniversaries/July/July 9




 * 1872 - Jacques Mesnil (pseudonym of Jean-Jacques Dwelshauvers) born (d. 1940), Brussels.
 * 1873 - Spain: The Petroleum Revolution begins in Alcoy.
 * 1900 - Louis Simon born (d. 1980).
 * 1906 - Gabriel-Constant Martin (b. 1839) dies.
 * 1917 - Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman, charged breaking conscription law, are sentenced today to serve two years in prison, to pay fines of $10,000 each, & quite likely deported to Russia at the expiration of their prison terms. US Marshal McCarthy states: "This marks the beginning of the end of Anarchism in New York."
 * 1917 - Antonio Martinez dies; killed by the São Paulo cops at a demonstration during a textile strike (or on the 11th?).
 * 1920 - André Devriendt born.
 * 1921 - Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman persuade foreign delegates, including Tom Mann, to protest the imprisonment of Voline, Gregori Maximoff, & other anarchists who have begun a hunger strike. Lenin is only willing to deport the anarchists, upon penalty of death if they return to Russia. Offer is accepted.
 * 1923 - Mollie Steimer (pictured) & Senya Fleshin deported from Russia.
 * 1929 - William Charles Owen (b. 1854) dies.
 * 1936 - "Alexander Berkman Memorial Meeting" sponsored by the Jewish Anarchist Federation, New York City.