Portal:Aviation/Anniversaries/March 9

March 9


 * 2013 – A UTair Aviation-owned Mil Mi-8 helicopter (NATO reporting name "Hip") working for the United Nations crashes near Bukavu in South Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo due to the weather, killing its entire Russian crew of four men.    The bodies are found at the site of the crash.


 * 2012 – First flight of the Cessna Citation M2


 * 2011 – The Space Shuttle Discovery, first of the space shuttles to be retired, glides to a landing to end its 39th and final mission – the most by any space shuttle.


 * 2009 – Lion Air Flight 793, an McDonnell Douglas MD-90-30, registration PK-LIL, departs the runway at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Indonesia, and spins through 180°. All 172 people on board are evacuated safely but the aircraft is damaged beyond economic repair.


 * 2002 – A Portuguese Air Force Lockheed Martin F-16 Fighting Falcon crashes in Monte Real, Portugal, while practicing aerobatic maneuvers, killing the pilot.


 * 1996 – A Marine Corps McDonnell-Douglas F-18 Hornet went down off Charleston, South Carolina, with two pilots aboard. The search for the Marine pilots was called off 10 March.[340]


 * 1986 – First flight of the Yakovlev Yak-141


 * 1986 – United States Navy divers find the largely intact but heavily-damaged crew compartment of the Space Shuttle Challenger. The bodies of all seven astronauts were still inside.


 * 1979 – First flight of the Dassault Mirage 4000


 * 1973 – Canada started direct air service with the Federal Republic of Germany and The People’s Republic of China.


 * 1972 – American aircraft record their 100th protective reaction strike of the Vietnam War against enemy surface-to-air missile and antiaircraft artillery sites.


 * 1967 – TWA Flight 553, a Douglas DC-9, collides with a Beechcraft Baron near Dayton, Ohio, killing all 26 on both planes.


 * 1964 – An armed U. S. Army Bell HU-1B Huey escorting U. S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara into "the heart of the Communist-infested Mekong River Delta" in South Vietnam, crashes into the Bassac River, killing the enlisted door gunners, who apparently drown. The helicopter goes down just as McNamara lands in another chopper with Maj. Gen. Hguyen Khanh, head of South Vietnam's military government. The Huey's engine apparently stalls, losing power just as the helicopter executes a sharp sweeping turn upward after making a low level pass over some trees while looking for snipers. The Huey plunges into the river, sinks immediately, with loss of the gunners. The officer-pilots escape and are rescued. In hospital they are found to have suffered only minor injuries. Some members of the SecDef's party witness the accident but McNamara does not. He states later that he is "grieved beyond words" over the loss.


 * 1954 – McDonnell XF3H-1 Demon, BuNo 125444, suffers explosion of Westinghouse XJ40-WE-6 engine, pilot B. North ejects at 15,000 feet. Airframe impacts on land. Second prototype is grounded permanently shortly thereafter as being unsafe to fly, and scrapped, with little additional data expected to be produced by its operation.


 * 1953 – USMC Grumman F9F-4 Panther, BuNo 125199, 'WP 10', of VMF-223, piloted by Capt. William H. Bezzell, USMC, suffers apparent tailhook failure while coming aboard USS Bennington, operating off of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base during post-refit shakedown training, bounces into the air, sails through the nylon Davis safety net airborne, hits deck again and dives into the forward elevator well, landing on top of nose of another F9F-4 of the same unit on the lowered elevator. Quick reactions by hangar crew in flooding the area with foam and closing doors to the hangar bay averts disaster and no post-crash fire occurs. Pilot uninjured, and injuries to most of 40 crew involved are minor, but Airman Ricketts, who was underneath the Panther on the elevator, is seriously injured and is eventually discharged when his condition does not improve.


 * 1949 – Viet Minh leader Ho Chi Minh orders the organization of an Air Force Research Committee for the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.


 * 1949 – First flight of the Avro Shackleton


 * 1948 – First flight of the Gloster E.1/44


 * 1945 – (9–10) The Great Tokyo Air Raid, known by the USAAF as Operation MEETINGHOUSE, an overnight incendiary bombing raid by B-29 Superfortresses on Tokyo, is one of the most destructive air raids in history, rivaling the twin atom bomb raids of five months later, in destruction. It creates a conflagration which destroys 41 square kilometers (16 sq mi) of the city, killing an estimated 88,000 to 125,000 people, injuring at least 41,000 and perhaps as many as a million people, and leaving probably a million people homeless.


 * 1945 – Disappointed in strategic bombing results against Japan with B-29 Superfortresses employing high-altitude daylight bombing as used in Europe, the United States Army Air Forces‘ Twentieth Air Force switches to low-altitude night bombing of Japan using incendiary bombs for the rest of World War II.


 * 1942 – First graduate of British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCAPT) to command an RCAF squadron, S/L L. V. Chadburn, 416 Squadron.


 * 1942 – (9 – 12) Fairey Albacore torpedo bombers from the aircraft carrier HMS Victorious attack the German battleship Tirpitz while she is at sea off Norway. They score no hits, and Tirpitz shoots down two Albacores. It is the only time that Allied forces attack Tirpitz while she is in the open sea.


 * 1942 – The United States Army Air Forces are reorganized, with the separate Air Force Combat Command (the combat element) and United States Army Air Corps (the logistics and training element) discontinued. General Henry H. Arnold, formerly Chief of the Army Air Forces, becomes Commanding General of Army Air Forces. The term “Air Corps” survives until 1947, but only as an informal, collective reference to the aviation branch of service of the United States Army without indicating any formal organization.


 * 1938 – A new parachute descent record of 35,450ft. is achieved by the French parachutist James Williams when he jumps from the cockpit of an ANF Les Mureaux 113 high-wing monoplane after taking off from the airfield at Chartres. Dropping to a height above the ground of 650 ft. in 2 min 50 seconds before opening his parachute, Williams easily achieves a world free-fall record.


 * 1937 – Entered Service: Armstrong Whitworth Whitley with No. 10 Squadron, Royal Air Force


 * 1935 – The Nazi Government in Germany announces the formation of the Luftwaffe, in defiance of the Treaty of Versailles


 * 1934 – An engine fails during a night takeoff causing a Keystone B-6 to crash near Daytona, Florida, while carrying U.S. Mail. Passenger Pvt. E. B. Sell is killed.


 * 1934 – The crash of a Curtiss O-39 Falcon near Burton, Ohio, kills Lt. Otto Wienecke, while flying the U.S. Mail.


 * 1934 – A Douglas O-38 flying U.S. Mail crashes on takeoff from Cheyenne, Wyoming, killing Lts. F. L. Howard and A. R. Kerwin.


 * 1934 – All air operations of the United States Customs Service are transferred to the United States Coast Guard.


 * 1931 – First flight of the Blériot 125 F-ALZD


 * 1928 – The English aviatrix Lady Mary Bailey takes off from Croydon on what becomes the first round-trip flight between London and Cape Town, South Africa flown by a woman. She arrives back in England on May 12.


 * 1919 – U. S. Navy Lt. Comdr. E. O. McDonnell makes the first successful flight from a gun turret platform on a U. S. navy battleship. The USS Texas is anchored in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba for the test.


 * 1918 – The first American air casualty in World War I is Capt. James E. Miller who loses his life in a French Spad while flying a practice patrol across the German lines.


 * 1916 – R. H. Mulock first Canadian to qualify as a pilot in the British Air Services.


 * 1915 – Johnnie Johnson, British fighter pilot, was born (d. 2001). Air Vice Marshal James Edgar “Johnnie” Johnson was an Royal Air Force (RAF) pilot who during the Second World War shot down 38 Luftwaffe aircraft, thus becoming the British flying ace with the greatest number of victories during the war.


 * 1914 – Lieutenant Alejandro Bello Silva was a Chilean aviator who disappeared during his qualifying flight for certification as a military pilot. In the pre-dawn hours, this date, Lieutenant Silva was in the Lo Espejo aerodrome, where he was to take an examination to earn the designation Military Pilot. Bello and two companions had to complete the circuit from Lo Espejo to Culitrín, to Cartagena, and back to Lo Espejo, in the central region of Chile, in order to pass the exam. On the first attempt, the aviators had to return to base due to near-zero visibility caused by heavy fog. Bello damaged his aircraft during the landing, and switched to an 80 hp Sánchez-Besa biplane (tail number 13, nicknamed "Manuel Rodríguez") for the second attempt. He took off together with one companion and the instructor, who had to make an emergency landing for refueling. Nevertheless, Bello continued his route and was lost among the clouds. He was never seen again and many searches over time have failed to find any trace of him or his aircraft.


 * 1910 – The first serving member of the Canadian armed forces to take an aeroplane flight in Canada, Major G. S. Maunsell, was J. A. D. McCurdy‘s passenger on two flights of the Canadian Aerodrome Company’s Baddeck No. 2 biplane at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, Canada.