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Lake Victoria or Victoria Nyanza (also known as Ukerewe, Nalubaale, Sango, or Lolwe) is one of the African Great Lakes. The lake was named after the United Kingdom's Queen Victoria, by John Hanning Speke, the first European to see the lake.

At 68800 km2, Lake Victoria is Africa’s largest lake, and the largest tropical lake in the world. As Lake Michigan-Huron is connected at the same elevation pool and is thus treated as one lake by hydrologists and geographers, Lake Victoria is the world’s third-largest freshwater lake. In terms of volume, it is the world’s seventh-largest freshwater lake, containing 2,750 km3 of water.

The lake receives most of its water from direct precipitation. Its largest influent is the Kagera River, the mouth of which lies on the lake's western shore. The only river to leave the lake, the White Nile leaves at Jinja, Uganda, on the lake’s north shore. It occupies a shallow depression in the East African Plateau, and has a maximum depth of 84 m and an average depth of 20 m. Its catchment area covers 184,000 square kilometres (71,040 mi2).

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