Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War

Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War within the territory of the former Russian Empire sought the creation of independent nation states that were not aligned with the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution. Many pro-independence movements emerged after the dissolution of the Russian Empire and fought in the Russian Civil War.

The following list presents some of the pro-independence movements and the conflicts they were involved in during this period.

Western periphery

 * 🇫🇮 Finland (independence from 1917)
 * White Guard
 * Kingdom of Finland
 * Finnish Civil War
 * Heimosodat
 * Viena expedition
 * Aunus expedition


 * United Baltic Duchy
 * Baltic State (Lasted from April to September 1918)
 * Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1918)
 * 🇪🇪 Estonia (independence from 1918)
 * Estonian Provisional Government
 * Estonian War of Independence


 * 🇱🇻 Latvia (independence from 1918)
 * Latvian Provisional Government
 * Iskolat
 * Latvian War of Independence


 * 🇱🇹 Lithuania (independence from 1918)
 * Perloja
 * Central Lithuania
 * Lithuanian Wars of Independence
 * Polish–Lithuanian War


 * undefined (independence from 1918)
 * Zakopane
 * Tarnobrzeg
 * Polish–Ukrainian War
 * Polish–Soviet War
 * Polish–Lithuanian War


 * Soviet Republic of Naissaar
 * Ukrainian People's Republic (independence 1917–1921; partitioned between Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and the Ukrainian SSR)
 * 🇺🇦 Ukrainian State
 * 🇺🇦 West Ukraine
 * 🇺🇦 Komancza
 * 🇺🇦 Hutsul
 * Lemko
 * Kholodny Yar Republic
 * Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
 * Odessa Soviet Republic
 * Ukrainian War of Independence
 * Ukrainian–Soviet War
 * Polish–Ukrainian War


 * 🇧🇾 Belarusian People's Republic (independence 1918–1919; partitioned between Poland and the Belarusian SSR)
 * Crimea (independence 1917–1918; annexed by the Russian SFSR in 1921)
 * Crimean Regional Government
 * Crimean Frontier Government
 * Moldavian Democratic Republic (united with Romania in 1918)

European Russia

 * East European Russia
 * Bashkiria (autonomy and de facto independence 1917–1919; joined the Russian SFSR)
 * Idel-Ural (independence 1917–1918; annexed by the Russian SFSR)
 * Provisional Regional Government of the Urals
 * North European Russia
 * North Ingria
 * Committee of Uhtua
 * Republic of Uhtua
 * Provisional Government of White Karelia
 * Provisional Government of Karelia
 * Olonets Government of Southern Karelia
 * Karelian United Government
 * Republic of Eastern Karelia
 * Karelian Temporary Committee
 * Center Committee Karelian Village of Uhtua
 * South European Russia
 * Kuban Rada (formed into April, 1917. Became the Kuban People's Republic in 1918)
 * Kuban People's Republic (independence 1918–1920; annexed by the Russian SFSR)
 * Don Republic (independence 1918–1919; annexed by the Russian SFSR)

Eastern periphery

 * Siberian regionalism
 * Siberian Republic
 * Buryat-Mongolia
 * Yakutia
 * Green Ukraine
 * Tungus Republic
 * Far Eastern Republic. (De facto independent 1920–1922; merged with the RSFSR)

Caucasus

 * Transcaucasia
 * 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan (independence 1918–1920; invaded by the Russian SFSR and transformed into the Azerbaijan SSR)
 * Republic of Aras
 * Armenian–Azerbaijani War
 * Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan


 * undefined (independence 1918–1921; invaded by the Russian SFSR and transformed into the Armenian SSR)
 * 🇦🇲 Mountainous Armenia
 * Georgian–Armenian War
 * Armenian–Azerbaijani War
 * Turkish–Armenian War


 * Georgia (independence 1918–1921; invaded by the Russian SFSR and transformed into the Georgian SSR)
 * Georgian–Ossetian conflict
 * Georgian–Armenian War
 * Sochi conflict
 * Red Army invasion of Georgia


 * Kars Republic
 * Caucasian Emirate
 * 🇷🇺 Mughan
 * Mughan Soviet Republic
 * Centrocaspian Dictatorship
 * United Republics (independence 1917–1922; annexed by the Russian SFSR)


 * Socialist Soviet Republic of Gilan

Central Asia

 * Basmachi
 * Alash Autonomy
 * Kazakh Socialist Soviet Republic
 * Confederated Republic of Altai
 * "second" Confederated Republic of Altai
 * Khiva
 * Emirate of Bukhara
 * Turkestan Autonomy
 * 🇷🇺 Transcaspian Government
 * Semirechye Cossacks