Pyshma (river)

The Pyshma (Пышма) is a river in Sverdlovsk and Tyumen Oblasts of Russia. It is a right tributary of the Tura. It is 603 km long, with a drainage basin of 19700 km2.

The Pyshma has its sources at 290 m above sea level on the eastern side of the Ural Mountains, near the town of Verkhnyaya Pyshma, just north of Yekaterinburg. The river flows onto the western part of the West Siberian Plain, and its confluence with the Tura River is at 46 m above sea level, at the village of Sosonovo, some 40 km east of Tyumen. In its lower course the river meanders heavily. Here it is around 50 m wide and 3 m deep.

The river's average discharge is 34 m3/s, with a maximum of 1300 m3/s and a minimum of 2 m3/s. Its main tributaries are, from the right: the Kunara and the Bolshaya Kalinovka, and from the left: the Reft.

The Pyshma freezes over in early November and stays frozen until the spring thaw starts in April.

The towns along the Pyshma are Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Beryozovsky, Zarechny, Sukhoy Log, and Kamyshlov

Etymology
The name comes from tatar language and means "calm".