Queen Jeongan

Queen Jeongan (, 30 January 1355 – 11 August 1412) or Queen Anjeong, of the Gyeongju Kim clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and queen consort of Yi Gyeong, King Jeongjong; the second monarch of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1398 and was honoured as Queen Deok until her husband's abdication in 1400 after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Sundeok.

Early life
Lady Kim was born during King Gongmin of Goyreo’s 4th year of reign on 30 January 1355 into the Gyeongju Kim clan as the eldest daughter of Kim Cheon-seo and Lady Lee of the Damyang Lee clan. Lady Kim had two older brothers and five younger siblings.

Lady Kim is descended from the Silla Dynasty’s Gyeongju Kim clan. During the reign of King Shinjong of Goryeo, her grandfather, Kim Bong-mo (김봉모, 金鳳毛; ?–1209), served as Pyeongjangsa and received the posthumous title of Jeongpyeong. He later established the Pyeongjangsa Branch of the clan.

Through her 6th great-grandfather, Lady Kim was a 12th great-granddaughter of King Gyeongsun of Silla and Princess Nakrang through their second son, Kim Eun-yeol. She and Queen Jeongsun are distantly related as they share Kim Jeong-gu (김정구, 金正矩; 973–1057) as their last common ancestor, and was also the grandson of Kim Eun-yeol.

Through her great-great-grandmother, Lady Kim was a fourth cousin twice removed of Queen Wongyeong as they shared Min Yeong-mo as their ancestor, and would eventually become her sister-in-law through marriage.

It is unknown what year she married Yi Bang-gwa, the second son of Yi Seong-gye and Lady Han.

Royal life
In 1398, at the age of 42-43, she became Crown Princess Consort Deok when her husband, Prince Yeongan (the future King Jeongjong), became Crown Prince. Her father was given the royal title of “Internal Prince Wolseong, Kim Cheon-seo”, and her mother was given the royal title of “Internal Princess Consort Samhanguk of the Damyang Lee clan”.

She was then referred as “Queen Consort Deok" (덕비; Deokbi meaning Virtuous Consort) from the 5 September 1398 until her husband’s abdication.

In the aftermath of the Second Strife of Princes when her husband abdicated in favor of his younger brother, Yi Bang-won, Prince Jeongan on 28 November 1400, along with him being bestowed the courtesy title of "King Emeritus Inmungongye", she was bestowed the courtesy title of "Queen Dowager Sundeok" (순덕왕대비, Sundeok-Wangdaebi) by her royal brother-in-law.

Death and posthumous title
Queen Deok later died on 11 August 1412 during her brother-in-law’s, King Taejong, reign. Her husband outlived her by seven years and both are buried within Hureung in Yeongjeong-ri, Kaepung County, North Hwanghae Province, North Korea. She had no issue with King Jeongjong.

She was given the posthumous title of Queen Jeongan after her death, but was also given another lesser-known posthumous title "Queen Anjeong"  during King Yeonsan’s 10th year of reign and King Gwanghae’s 1st year of reign.

In 1681, 270 years after her death, King Sukjong added Onmyeongjangui to her posthumous title.

Family
Parent


 * Father — Kim Cheon-seo
 * Mother — Internal Princess Consort Samhanguk of the Damyang Lee clan

Sibling


 * Older brother — Kim Seok-jun (1336–?)
 * Older brother — Kim Su, Prince Wolseong, Duke Jeongho (1338–1409)
 * Younger brother — Kim Sam-won (1357–?)
 * Younger sister — Lady Kim of the Gyeongju Kim clan (1359–?)
 * Younger brother - Kim Ui-yeol (1360–?)
 * Younger sister — Lady Kim of the Gyeongju Kim clan (1361–?)
 * Younger sister — Lady Kim of the Gyeongju Kim clan (1382–?)

Consort


 * Husband — King Jeongjong of Joseon (18 July 1357 – 15 October 1419) — No issue.
 * Mother-in-law — Queen Shinui of the Anbyeon Han clan (1333 – 21 October 1391)
 * Father-in-law — King Taejo of Joseon (27 October 1335 – 18 June 1408)
 * Brother-in-law — Yi Bang-woo, Prince Jinan (1354–1393)
 * Brother-in-law — Yi Ui, Prince Ikan (1360–1404)
 * Brother-in-law — Yi Bang-gan, Prince Hoean (1364–1421)
 * Brother-in-law — King Taejong of Joseon (1367–1422). Wife: Queen Wongyeong of the Yeoheung Min clan (1365–1420)

In popular culture

 * Portrayed by Kim Hae-sook in the 1983 MBC TV series The King of Chudong Palace.
 * Portrayed by Park Yun-seon in the 1996–1998 KBS TV series Tears of the Dragon.
 * Portrayed by Kim Seo-yeon in the 2021–2022 KBS TV series The King of Tears, Lee Bang-won