Quercus trojana

Quercus trojana, the Macedonian oak is an oak in the turkey oak section (Quercus sect. Cerris).

It is native to southeast Europe and southwest Asia, from southern Italy east across the southern Balkans (Croatia, Albania, Serbia, North Macedonia and Greece) to western Turkey, growing at low to moderate altitudes (up to 1550 m in the south of the range in southwestern Turkey), in dry areas.

Description
Quercus trojana is a small to medium-sized tree reaching 10–20 m tall, late deciduous to semi-evergreen, with gray-green leaves 3–7 cm long and 1.5–4 cm broad with a coarsely serrated margin with sharply pointed teeth. The acorns are 2–4 cm long when mature (about 18 months after pollination) and largely enclosed in the scaly acorn cup.

Fossil record
Fossils of Quercus trojana have been described from the fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district in Turkey, which is of early Pliocene age.