Quick & Flupke

The exploits of Quick and Flupke (Quick et Flupke, gamins de Bruxelles, lit. 'Quick and Flupke, urchins of Brussels') was a comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé. Serialised weekly from January 1930 to 1940 in Le Petit Vingtième, the children's supplement of conservative Belgian newspaper Le Vingtième Siècle ("The Twentieth Century"), the series ran alongside Hergé's better known The Adventures of Tintin. It continued for one extra year in Le Soir Jeunesse until 1941.

It revolves around the lives of two misbehaving boys, Quick and Flupke, who live in Brussels, and the conflict that they get into with a local policeman.

In 1983, the series provided the basis for an animated television adaptation.

Background
Abbé Norbert Wallez appointed Hergé editor of a children's supplement for the Thursday issues of Le Vingtième Siècle, titled Le Petit Vingtième ("The Little Twentieth"). Carrying strong Catholic and fascist messages, many of its passages were explicitly antisemitic. For this new venture, Hergé illustrated L'Extraordinaire Aventure de Flup, Nénesse, Poussette et Cochonnet (The Extraordinary Adventure of Flup, Nénesse, Poussette and Cochonnet), a comic strip authored by one of the paper's sport columnists, which told the story of two boys, one of their little sisters, and her inflatable rubber pig. Hergé was unsatisfied, and eager to write and draw a comic strip of his own. He was fascinated by new techniques in the medium – such as the systematic use of speech bubbles – found in such American comics as George McManus's Bringing up Father, George Herriman's Krazy Kat and Rudolph Dirks's Katzenjammer Kids, copies of which had been sent to him from Mexico by the paper's reporter Léon Degrelle, stationed there to report on the Cristero War.

Hergé developed a character named Tintin as a Belgian boy reporter who could travel the world with his fox terrier, Snowy – "Milou" in the original French – basing him in large part on his earlier character of Totor and also on his own brother, Paul. Although Hergé wanted to send his character to the United States, Wallez instead ordered him to set his adventure in the Soviet Union, acting as a work of anti-socialist propaganda for children. The result, Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, began serialisation in Le Petit Vingtième on 10 January 1929, and ran until 8 May 1930. Popular in Francophone Belgium, Wallez organized a publicity stunt at the Gare de Nord station, following which he organized the publication of the story in book form. The popularity of the story led to an increase in sales, and so Wallez granted Hergé two assistants, Eugène Van Nyverseel and Paul "Jam" Jamin.

Publication


According to one of Hergé's later recollections, he had returned to work following a holiday to find that the staff had publicly announced that he would be producing a new series, as a joke on his expense. Obliged to the commitment, he had to develop a new strip with only a few days notice. In devising a scenario, he was influenced by the French film Les Deux gosses ("The two kids"), released the previous year, as well as by his own childhood in Brussels. Other cinematic influences included the films of Charlie Chaplin, upon whom the policemen are based.

The strip first appeared in Le Petit Vingtième on 23 January 1930, at the time starring Quick without Flupke. Quick appeared on the cover of that issue, stating "Hello, friends. Don't you know me? I'm Quick, a kid from Brussels, and beginning today I'll be here every Thursday to tell you what happened to me during the week." Hergé borrowed the name "Quipke" from one of his friends. Three weeks later he added the second boy as a sidekick, naming him "Suske". He would soon be renamed "Flupke" ("Little Philip" in Flemish). Quick et Flupke would be published in Le Petit Vingtième every Thursday for the next six years. Hergé devoted little time to the series, typically only starting work on each strip on the morning of the day that the page were being typset, proceeding to rush to finish them within one or two hours. Jamin thought that Hergé had greater difficulty with Quick and Flupke than with The Adventures of Tintin, because of the need for a completely new idea each week.

Hergé used the strip as a vehicle for jokes not considered appropriate for The Adventures of Tintin. In particular he made repeated allusions to the fact that the strip was a cartoon; in one example, Flupke walks onto the ceiling, flies around, and then throws Quick's detached head into the air, before waking up to proclaim "Thank goodness it wasn't real! Hergé isn't still making us act like cartoons!" Hergé inserted himself into the strip on numerous occasions; in "The Kidnapping of Hergé", Quick and Flupke kidnap Hergé from his office, and force him to sign a statement proclaiming "I, the undersigned, Hergé, declare that, contrary to how I make it seem every week, the parties of Quick and Flupke are good, smart, obedient, etc., etc."

Throughout the series, Hergé would give characters names that illustrated a play on words, such as the veterinarian M. Moraurat (mort aux rats, "death to rats"), and the two boxers Sam Suffy (ça me suffit, "It's good enough for me") and Mac Aronni ("macaroni"). He also included references to present events, in one instance lampooning Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini. In another, the boys listen to a radio program filled with nationalistic proclamations from Hitler, Mussolini, Neville Chamberlain, Édouard Herriot, a Bolshevik, and a Japanese, after which they run away to listen to an organ grinder.

In late 1935, the editors of Cœurs Vaillants ("Valiant Hearts"), a Catholic newspaper who published The Adventures of Tintin in France, requested that Hergé create a series about protagonists with a family. Hergé agreed, creating the Jo, Zette and Jocko series, but soon found himself overworked in writing and drawing three comics at once. Quick & Flupke were subsequently put on the back burner.

For New Year 1938, Hergé designed a special cover for Le Petit Vingtième in which the characters of Quick & Flupke were featured alongside those from The Adventures of Tintin and Jo, Zette and Jocko. Hergé eventually abandoned the series in order to spend more time on The Adventures of Tintin, his more famous comic series.

Colouration and re-publication
After Hergé's death, the books were coloured by the Studios Hergé and re-issued by the publishing house Casterman in 12 volumes, between 1985 and 1991.

Critical analysis
Hergé biographer Pierre Assouline asserted that the strip was "completely opposite in spirit" to Hergé's preceding Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, due to the fact that it was "utterly lacking in ambiguity or cynicism." He thought it unfair that they had been eclipsed by the fame of The Adventures of Tintin, because they have a "lightness of touch, a charm, a tenderness and poetry" that are absent from the rest of Hergé's work. He considered them to be an updated version of the German author Wilhelm Busch's characters Max and Moritz.

Another of Hergé's biographers, Benoît Peeters, thought that Quick and Flupke worked as a "perfect counterpoint" to The Adventures of Tintin, contrasting two-strip jokes with long stories, familiarity with exoticism, and the boys' fight against order with Tintin's fight to impose it. He also thought it noteworthy that in the series, family bonds are "reduced to their simplest expression", with parental figures rarely appearing and the protagonists this growing up "more or less alone, protecting them as best they can against a monotonous adult world".

Tintinologist Phillipe Goddin believed that the series expressed Hergé's "affection for his Brussels roots."

List of volumes
Unlike Hergé's other series there is no real chronological order to the books, though often the order that they were published in is used.

High Tension
Initially published in September 1985 as Haute Tension. Haute Tension is not by Hergé, but by Johan de Moor, the son of Hergé's assistant Bob de Moor.

The gags included in this volume are: ''Sleeping Beauty, The Art of Bookbinding, The Sail Wagon, The Knife Sharpener, Next One!, Singing with Gusto!, Competition, Varnished Floor, Earthly Paradise, It Wasn't Me... It Was Him!, A Discovery That Will Make Noise, Sand Castles, Poor Choice of Wishes and a Sneaky Genie, Baby Sitting, Bomb Threat, Haircut, High Tension, Foolish Officer, Go for a Drive, Improvised Field, Sense of Direction, Saving Space, and Latest Microlight''

Double Trouble
Initially called Jeux interdits and first published in September 1985, titled Forbidden Games in India, published there by Eurobooks.

The gags included in this volume are: Tournament, Glider, Happy Easter, Beware of the Dog, Swingtime, Everyone Gets a Turn, Magic, Chaos, No Sticking Bills, Officer 15 Plays a Trick, Information, Traffic, A Stitch in Time, Unbreakable, Bravery, Oil Paint, Forbidden Games, William Tell, Do As You Would Be Done By, Queue Jumping, Out of Control, Prudence, and Quick the Electrician.

Two of a Kind
Initially published as Tout va bien in September 1985, titled Everything's Fine in India, published there by Eurobooks.

The gags included in this volume are: Manners, How to Build a Glider, Happy Christmas, Mad Dog, A Present for Aunt Mary, Handyman, What Weather!, Having the Last Word, Three of a Kind, Heart of Gold, Rope Trick, Lucky Strike, All or Nothing, Honesty, Hot Stuff, Horror Story, Quick at the Wheel, Acrobatics, Right as Rain, Natural Disaster, Big Mouth, Musical Ear, and A Helping Hand.

Under Full Sail
Initially published as Toutes voiles dehors in 1986.

The gags included in this volume are: Naval Procurement, An Eye for an Eye, A Good Retriever, Proverb, Back to School, A Problem, Water Divining, Happy Easter!, Happy New Year!, A Picturesque Spot, How to Light a Fire, Perhaps Not, A Decent Photograph, Lost in the Night, A Record, A Penalty, Beyond Belief, Military Parade, Hard to Refuse, The Tunnel, Winter Sports, Festive Cheer, and Dolce Farniente.

It's Your Turn
Initially published as Chacun son tour in 1986.

The gags included in this volume are: Who Wants to Wear the Glove?, At the Opticians, Lullaby, Evangelical Charity, The Hazards of Tobacco, The Smart Kid, Fishing, Insomnia, Make a Wish, Search in Vain, Music Soothes Nerves, The Tribulations of Officer 15, Motoring Police, Flupke, the Goal Keeper, Crossword Puzzle, Radio Broadcast, A Rare Bird, The Saviours, Flupke's Exhibition, Night Camp, Acrobatics, Careless Games, and Springtime Poem.

Without Mercy
Initially Pas de quartier January 1987.

The gags included in this volume are: A Little History, Quick in the Wild West, Be Kind to Animals, Bathing, Quick the Golf Trainer, Horse Riding, Tempest, A Wonderful Surprise, Sports, Essay Writing, Skating, Light Headed, Cleaning Day, The Circus, A Beautiful “Shot”, Rescue, Automatic Door, A Good Job, Bull's Eye, Revenge, Camping (1), (2), and (3).

Excuse Me Ma'am
Initially published as Pardon Madame in January 1987.

The gags included in this volume are: If I Had a Million, Sad Story, Winning Ticket, The Road of Virtue, Back to Business, Hunting Story, The Child Prodigy, Nature’s Response…, Everything’s Fine, Reforms, Gratitude, It’s Your Turn, Vendetta, Faith in Publicity, Afraid of Germs, Thunderstorm, Simple Question, Eternal Youth, A Great Traveler, Caution, Mishap, Meteorology, Drastic Measures, and The Punished Cartoonist.

Long Live Progress
Published as Vive le progrès in September 1987.

The gags included in this volume are: Return to School, Painting, Ostrich Eggs, Return to Earth, Higher Studies, The Mosquito, Serious Clients, Obsession, Between Artists, Deafness, Happy Easter, Appreciation in Value, Natural Tanning, Exchanges, Happy Holidays, Getting Things Straight, Progress, Traffic, Burglary, Example, About Turn, No Obligation, and Resolution.

Catastrophe
Published as Catastrophe in January 1988.

The gags included in this volume are: Vocation, No! Carnival is Not Dead!, There’s a Butterfly, and Then There’s a Butterfly, The Alarm, The World As Flupke Would Like It (1), (2), & (3), The Remedy, Interview, He Wanted a Collision, Misunderstanding, Higher Learning, An Indoor Man, Apropos, The Art of Diving, Spiritism, The Etruscan Vase, Secret Police, The Hiccups, Wireless, Pilfering, The Pancakes, and Patient Flupke.

Pranks and Jokes
Published as Farces et attrapes in January 1989.

The gags included in this volume are: Gardening, Sharpshooter, Heat, A Breakdown, Quick the Mechanic, Quick the Cabinetmaker, Good Aim, Housework, Simple Loan, Pelota Ball, Flypaper, Trapeze, Flupke the Model Maker, Constructions, A Masterstroke, Beyond Belief, Appearances Can Be Deceiving, The Firework, The Scrupulous Artist, The Target, For Christmas, Temptation, and Beekeeping.

Bluffmasters
Published as Coups de bluff in January 1990.

The gags included in this volume are: Canoeing, Detail, Flair, Cat and Mouse, Quick Has a Toothache, Championship, Time is Money, Pedestrian Crossing, Cruelty, Finally... the Sun!, Bluff, Outdoors, Superstition, Perfumery, Be Good to Animals, Cold Shower, Flupke's Double, A Pneumatic Story, Suspicions, Torture, World Record, Equilibrium, Logic, and Experience.

Fasten Your Seat Belts
Published as Attachez vos ceintures in January 1991.

The gags included in this volume are: The Big Clean, A Poor Defenceless Woman, At the Seaside, Quick Learns Boxing, How Music Calms the Nerves, Pacifism, Unbeatable, Advertising, Instructions for Use, Quick the Clock Repairer, Football, At the Car Showroom, A Weird Story, A Serious Turn of Events, At Odds, Quick the Music Lover, That's How It Is, All Innocence, Children’s Rights, The Recipe, Yo-Yo, Metamorphosis, and Tale Without a Tail.

Cameos in The Adventures of Tintin
Quick & Flupke made short appearances in The Adventures of Tintin books:


 * They are among the crowd seeing Tintin off in the first panel of Tintin in the Congo, in both the 1931 and 1946 editions.
 * In The Shooting Star, Quick and Flupke can be seen running towards the docks as the expedition is about to set off.
 * The Seven Crystal Balls features a pair of boys who play a trick on Captain Haddock. They are made to look very similar to Quick and Flupke though the resemblance is minor given that the event takes place in La Rochelle in France and not an inland city in Belgium.
 * Quick & Flupke also appear on the back cover of some book editions of the Adventures of Tintin: they are about to fire a slingshot at Captain Haddock and/or his bottle of whisky.

English translations
The English version of Quick & Flupke was produced in the early-1990s, and consisted of only two books, published by Mammoth Publishing. The books were translated by Leslie Lonsdale-Cooper and Michael Turner, who had previously translated The Adventures of Tintin. The text in the English volumes is not lettered in the same way as other Hergé books in English. The two English volumes are direct translations of strips in the French volumes Jeux Interdits and Tout va Bien. The English edition comics are all coloured, and named Double Trouble and Two of a Kind. Under Full Sail and Fasten Your Seatbelts were also published by Egmont.

In January 2008, Euro Books India (a subsidiary of Egmont) released English translations of all the 11 titles that were originally written by Hergé. The first two books were given different titles in the India release by Euro Books: Double Trouble was called Forbidden Games and Two of a Kind was renamed Everything's Fine.

Egmont planned to gradually release the English translations in the UK. Two of them (#4, Under Full Sail and #12, Fasten Your seat Belts), translated by David Radzinowicz, were released in 2009. As of late 2011, no more had been released.

Television series
In 1983, the books were made into a television series, the creation of which was supervised by Studios Hergé. It was recently re-issued on multi-regional DVD in France under 3 titles: 'Coups de Bluff, Tout va Bien and Jeux Interdits.