Radkan, Razavi Khorasan

Radkan is a city in, and the capital of, Radkan District of Chenaran County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. It was the capital of Radkan Rural District until the capital was transferred to the village of Marichgan.

Radkan is known for its well-preserved traditional mud-brick houses and historical monuments, including a castle and caravanserai. The city is surrounded by mountains and is a destination for nature-lovers, hikers and photographers. Additionally, the city is known for its natural hot springs and mineral water.

Early history
The city was once an important center of trade and commerce along the ancient Silk Road. It was a key stopover point for merchants and travelers making their way across the region and was known for its thriving marketplaces and caravanserais. During the Sassanian era, the city was the site of several battles between the local population and invading forces. In more recent times, the city has been a center of resistance against colonial powers and has been the site of several important uprisings and revolts.

Administrative history
In August 2019, Radkan Rural District was separated from the district in the establishment of Radkan District and Seyyedabad District, each of which was divided into two rural districts. The village of Radkan was elevated to the status of a city.

Ethnicity
The local population is primarily made up of ethnic Persians, and the majority of the population is Muslim.

Population
The city has a relatively low population density and is not as urbanized as some of the larger cities in the region.

At the time of the 2006 National Census, Radkan's population was 2,268 in 624 households, when it was a village in Radkan Rural District of the Central District. The following census in 2011 counted 3,734 people in 1,004 households. The 2016 census measured the population as 2,609 people in 784 households.

Geography
The city is surrounded by several mountain ranges. The mountains are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including rare and endangered species of plants and animals.

Wildlife
The surrounding mountains and valleys are home to a diverse range of wildlife, including mountain goats, deer, and a variety of bird species.

Economy
The local economy is primarily based on agriculture, with a focus on crops such as wheat, barley, and fruit. There are also a number of small businesses and workshops in the city that specialize in traditional crafts such as weaving, pottery, and ceramics.

Archaeology
In addition to Radkan Tower and the Caravanserai, there are several other archaeological sites in the area that are of interest to historians and archaeologists. These include ancient ruins, historical cemeteries, and abandoned villages.

Handicrafts and textiles
Radkan is known for its traditional handicrafts and textiles, including hand-woven carpets, pottery, and ceramics. The city has a long history of cultural and artistic expression. It is known for its traditional crafts, including weaving, pottery, and ceramics, and has been home to many famous poets, musicians, and artists over the centuries.

Cuisine
The city is known for its traditional cuisine, which is characterized by simple, hearty dishes made with locally-sourced ingredients.

Radkan Tower
The tower is a cylindrical structure made of mud bricks and is considered one of the oldest and most iconic landmarks in the city. It is believed to have been built during the Sassanian era (224-651 AD) and served as a fire temple, a religious shrine and a military fortress. The tower is now a protected national monument and attracts many tourists and history enthusiasts who come to admire its unique architectural style and rich history. The tower is a symbol of the city's cultural heritage and continues to be an important part of the local community's cultural identity.

The tower is estimated to be over 1,000 years old, making it one of the oldest structures in the region. The tower is built in a traditional Persian style, with a cylindrical shape, several levels, and intricate decorative elements. The tower is considered to be a masterpiece of Persian architecture.

The tower was originally built as a defensive structure and was used as a watchtower to keep an eye out for invading forces. The tower was also used as a place of refuge for local residents during times of conflict and unrest.

Over the centuries, the tower has undergone several renovations and restorations to maintain its structural integrity and preserve its historical significance. From the top of the tower are views of the surrounding landscape and city.

Other places of historical interest
A historic inn used by travelers and merchants along the ancient Silk Road. The caravanserai has been well-preserved and has now been converted into a museum, showcasing the city's rich cultural and historical heritage.

Medieval Radkan Castle was built on top of a hill overlooking the city. It offers panoramic views of the city and its surroundings.

The Tomb of Khajeh and Jameh Mosque of Radkan are two other historic monuments in the city.