Reynosa

Reynosa is a border city in the northern part of the state of Tamaulipas, in Mexico which also holds the municipal seat of Reynosa Municipality.

The city is located on the southern bank of the Rio Grande in the international Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan area, directly across the Mexico–United States border from Hidalgo, Texas.

As of 2020, the city of Reynosa has a population of 691,557. If the floating population is included in the census count, the population can reach up to approximately 1,000,000.

History
On 6 July 1686, Agustín Echeverz y Zuvízar, governor of the Nuevo Reino de León, camped in, what is now Reynosa, during an exploratory expedition.

In December 1748, an expedition led by José de Escandón y Helguera left from Querétaro, planning to establish 14 villages; the caravan consisted of 1500 colonists and 755 soldiers.

On 14 March 1749, was founded (in its original location) the Villa de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Reynosa, by the captain Carlos Cantú on behalf of Escandón, being as well in political and military command. There were 279 pioneer residents in the charge of Friar Agustín Fragoso.

The city was named Reynosa in resemblance of the homonymous city Reinosa, birthplace of the viceroy Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas.

In August 1750, the first flood was documented in the village.

In April 1757, Reynosa had it first political conflict, when Escandón dismissed Carlos Cantú as the mayor of the village, replacing him by Pedro de Estrada, second mayor of Reynosa.

On 9 July 1757, arrives to the village the captain José Tineda y Cuervo and the engineer Agustín López, both viceroyalty inspectors, to do a population census; showing that Reynosa had 280 inhabitants.

As a result of the census, they obtained authorization from the King of Spain to move the village to a placed named Santa María de las Lajas; which was not done because Escandón didn't consider the river a risk anymore.

In September 1800, a flood of immense proportions occurred. The village was about to disappear; the villagers used canoes and rafts to arrive to the hills of El Morrillo. In 1802, the village moved to its actual location and the new census showed 1631 inhabitants.

In 1810, the building of the old church Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe began, by the parish priest Don José Cárdenas; it was finished in 1815 by Don Lorenzo Treviño.

In 1846, Reynosa was invaded by the American army during the Mexican-American war.

On 10 May 1910, the General Lucio Blanco with the constitutional army took Reynosa during the Mexican revolution.

On 24 November 1926, Reynosa became a city.

Current
Reynosa extends across 3,156.34 sq kilometers (1218.66 sq. miles), representing 3.7 per cent of the Tamaulipas territory. Today it is the location of several satellite U.S. companies doing business to take advantage of low labor rates and industry incentives.

On 18 September 2012, an explosion at the nearby Pemex gas plant killed 30 and injured 46 people. Pemex Director Juan Jose Suarez said that there was "no evidence that it was a deliberate incident, or some kind of attack".

In 2017, it was described as a major hotspot in the Mexican Drug War, as a result of the internecine wars between the Gulf and Los Zetas drugs cartels.

Geography
Reynosa is the largest and most populous city in the state of Tamaulipas, followed by Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, Ciudad Victoria, Tampico, and Río Bravo. In addition, the international Reynosa–McAllen Metropolitan Area counts with a population of 1,500,000 inhabitants, making it the third largest metropolitan area in the Mexico–U.S. border after San Diego–Tijuana and El Paso–Juárez. Reynosa is the 30th largest city in Mexico and anchors the largest metropolitan area in Tamaulipas.

In 2011, Reynosa was the fastest growing city in the state of Tamaulipas, and was among the top five fastest growing cities in Mexico.

The city is about 11 mi south of McAllen, Texas.

Climate
Reynosa has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh) with short, mild winters and hot summers. Winters are mild and dry with a January high of 22 C and a low of 11 C although temperatures can fall below 10 C. Summers are hot with a July mean of 30 C and temperatures can exceed 40 C anytime from May until August. The average annual precipitation is 452 mm, with most of it being concentrated in the summer months though the months of May and June are the wettest.

Notable people

 * Abraham Ancer – Professional golfer
 * Xavier Baez – Footballer
 * Jorge Cantú – Major League Baseball player
 * Christian Chávez – Singer and actor
 * Laura Flores – Actress, hostess and singer
 * Jaime Garcia – Major League Baseball player
 * Néstor Garza – Former WBA World Super Bantamweight Champion
 * José María Cantú Garza – Geneticist
 * Vidal Medina – Playwright and theatre director
 * Los Relámpagos del Norte – Musical duo
 * Komander – Wrestler
 * Beto Quintanilla – Artist
 * Sergio Peña Solís – Mexican drug lord (Los Zetas Cartel)

Transportation
Reynosa is served by the General Lucio Blanco International Airport, which has flights to multiple important Mexican cities on six airlines, some serving it with aircraft such as Boeing 737 and Airbus A320.

In addition, the McAllen Miller International Airport in McAllen, Texas, is also relatively close and is served by airlines like Allegiant Air, American and United.