Robert Barclay (disambiguation)

Robert Barclay (1648–1690) was a Scottish Quaker writer and theologian.

Robert Barclay may also refer to:
 * Sir Robert Barclay, 8th Baronet (1755–1839), MP for Newtown, Isle of Wight 1802–1807
 * Robert Barclay (lieutenant-colonel) (1774–1811), officer in the British Army
 * Robert Heriot Barclay (1786–1837), Scottish officer in the Royal Navy
 * Robert Barclay (historiographer) (1833–1876), English ecclesiastical historiographer
 * Sir Robert Noton Barclay (1872–1957), English export shipping merchant, banker and Liberal Party politician
 * Robert Barclay (statistician) (1901–1973), Scottish statistician and scholar of Orkney
 * Bobby Barclay (1906–1969), English footballer