Robert Taft Sr.

Robert Taft Sr., also Robert Taffe (c. August 1640 – February 8, 1725), was the first Taft in the United States and the founder of the American Taft family. Believed to be of Scottish heritage, Taft left the British Isles to settle in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 1670s. Living first in Braintree, he settled in Mendon in 1680 and was a leading citizen and wealthy landholder, who was instrumental in the growth of the town.

Braintree
Robert Taft Sr. was born about 1640. He immigrated from England, Scotland, or Ireland, to the American colonies after the King Philip's War (1675–1676). Matthew Taft, who later settled in the colonies, is reportedly Taft's brother or another family member. Matthew Taft came to the colonies from Ireland in 1728 and settled in what is now Upton, Massachusetts.

Taft was married to Sarah or Savill (née Simpson) of Boston, born about 1640. She was a cordwainer, a shoemaker. The Tafts and their son Thomas, and possibly Robert and Daniel, settled in Braintree, near Boston, by 1677 or 1678. They had a house, barn, 20 acres of land, and an orchard. Taft was a housebuilder, also called housewright, and a carpenter.

Planning to move to Mendon, as other settlers who survived the war were returning to the area, they purchased the farm of Colonel William Crowne on August 16, 1679. They sold their property in Braintree on November 18, 1679 to Caleb Norton, Nobart, or Hobart.

Mendon
Taft and his family likely moved to Mendon by the spring of 1680 with other settlers. The 40 acres of land that they purchased was on two sides of a road. Since Taft and Sarah (Savill in the deed) both paid for the land, they each had 20 acres, which was documented in a deed made on July 29, 1680. Sarah owned the parcel called Pondfield. On the other side of the road was a fort that had been built before the war. Called Fortfield, this was where Taft established a homestead for his family. Taft later purchased land surrounding the Taft Pond, also called Mendon Pond. The property was in Mendham, the old English spelling of Mendon, in what is now Uxbridge.

The previous landowner, Colonel William Crowne, reportedly left the area during King Philip's War, and did not return. Taft was elected to the board of selectman in February and April 1680. He was integral in the construction of a church and a house for the minister. Taft served the community in a number of offices and as committee members. He was considered a "man of wealth and standing". Some of his neighbors disagreed with his trading with Native Americans, and lodged a complaint with the General Court on May 27, 1682.

Taft and three of his sons built the first bridge over the Great River, now called Blackstone River, in 1709. Taft's son Joseph planned with other members of the town to build a road west of the Great River beginning in 1727. The road crossed over Benjamin Taft's land and 16 acres of Taft's land. According to town meeting notes, Taft's heirs were to build the bridge over the river and maintain it over seven years. The arrangement called for the Tafts to be paid 60 pounds upon successful completion of the bridge. In 1729, they built another bridge.

Taft died on February 8, 1725. Sarah died in November 1725.

Marriage and children
Taft and his wife Sarah (née Simpson) had five children:
 * Thomas Taft, born 1671, in the "old country", and married Deborah Genery, a daughter of Isaac of Dedham. They had eleven children.
 * Robert Taft Jr., born 1674, married Elizabeth Woodard. He was among the first of Uxbridge's Board of Selectmen, serving in 1727. He and his wife had eleven children.
 * Daniel Taft, born 1677, in England or Braintree, married Hannah (maiden name unknown) and Lydia Chapin, daughter of Captain Josiah Chapin. Daniel was a farmer, lawyer, town treasurer, justice of the peace, colonial legislator, and a leading citizen.
 * Joseph Taft, born 1680, married Elizabeth Emerson and they had nine children.
 * Benjamin Taft, 1684, married Sarah Thomas

Taft purchased sufficient adjoining land, said to be two and a half square miles, so that his sons and their families had ample portions of the Taft homestead. Some of the land extended into what is now the town of Sutton.

Descendants
Robert Taft's descendants are a large politically active family with descendants who are prominent in Ohio, but live throughout the United States.

A descendant of Robert Taft Sr., William Howard Taft, became the President of the United States, and Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Robert Taft Sr.'s grandson Josiah Taft died prematurely, at the age of 47, and his widow, Lydia Taft, became America's first woman voter in 1756.