Rock Canyon (Provo, Utah)



Rock Canyon is located in the Wasatch Mountains, in east Provo, Utah, United States. It is popular with rock climbers and hikers (and a number of other outdoor enthusiasts of all types) due to its unique and rugged geology as well as its proximity to Brigham Young University. The mouth of the canyon is located just behind the Provo Utah Temple.

Notable features in the canyon

 * Kyhv Peak (formerly Squaw Peak)
 * Cascade Mountain
 * Lake Bonneville Shoreline
 * Wasatch Fault
 * Monarch Mine (Buckley Mine)
 * Spanish Moss Cave
 * Red Baron Cave

History


Recorded history of the canyon begins with the conflicts between Mormon settlers based at Fort Utah and the indigenous Timpanogos tribe living in Utah Valley in 1850. A contingent of Timpanogos, under the direction of Big Elk, fled to Rock Canyon following a battle with the Mormon militia. Squaw Peak is the name the settlers gave to the peak north of Rock Canyon, after Big Elk's wife who died in the canyon in the conflict. Some pictographs still exist from early Indian writings. There are large mineral deposits in the canyon and many shafts and tunnels still exist which may be explored. Various rock climbing routes also exist throughout the canyon.

Wildlife
Rock Canyon is home to a number of large game animals and it is common for visitors to observe deer, bighorn sheep, or other species.

Geology
Rock Canyon shows excellent outcrops of dominantly Paleozoic age rocks, with Precambrian Tillite at the mouth of the canyon, and Quaternary colluvium and glacial deposits in the canyon. Rock Canyon preserves a record of multiple phases of the area, including:

Folding in the canyon has mad may of the beds perpendicular to the trail. As you walk up the canyon you are walking up the depositional sequence. Rock units seen in outcrop in the canyon from mouth of the canyon (oldest) to back of the canyon (youngest) are as follows:
 * Deposition and lithification of sediment
 * North-south bedding parallel shortening
 * Folding (top to the east), associated with thrust faulting
 * Exposure from Wasatch normal faulting
 * Stream erosion of the canyon


 * Mineral Fork Tillite. Olive colored, fine matrix with larger clasts.
 * Tintic Quartzite. Tan to orange in color, highly fractured, with original cross bedding still visible from deposition as a sandstone.
 * Ophir Formation.
 * Maxfield Limestone.
 * Fitchville Dolomite
 * Gardison Limestone
 * Deseret Limestone
 * Humbug Formation.
 * Great Blue Limestone Formation.
 * Manning Canyon Shale.
 * Oquirrh Group (Bridal Veil Falls, Bear Canyon, Shingle Mill, and Wallsburg Ridge Formations)