Ruski Krstur



Ruski Krstur (Serbian Cyrillic: Руски Крстур; Rusyn: Руски Керестур) is a village in Vojvodina, Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Kula, West Bačka District. The village has a Rusyn ethnic majority. Its population numbered 5,213 in the 2002 census. Ruski Krstur is the cultural centre of the Rusyns in Serbia. The number of Rusyns in Ruski Krstur is in constant decline as many of them have moved out to Canada concentrating in the town of North Battleford, Saskatchewan. The village is the seat of the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Ruski Krstur, part of the wider Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia.

Name
Its name means "the Rusyn Krstur" (There is also a village called Srpski Krstur, meaning "the Serb Krstur", in Vojvodina).

The Hungarian name for the village derived from the Hungarian word "kereszt", which means "cross" in English. "Ur" (úr) means "lord." "Keresztúr," as seen in the Hungarian place name "Bodrogkeresztúr," likely refers to a crucifix (Our Lord on the Cross on the Bodrog river - suggesting that more places called Keresztúr were known). The first written record of Ruski Krstur was made during the administration of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1410 and then in 1452, mentioning it under name Kerezthwr.

In Hungarian the village is known as Bácskeresztúr; in Slovak as Ruský Kеrеstur; and in Croatian as Ruski Krstur, in Rusyn Руськый Керестур.

History
Krstur was mentioned for the first time in history in 1495, as a place in Bačka County. Krstur is also mentioned as Kerestur in a charter from 1522. In the Turkish defter from 1590, Krstur is mentioned as Upper (gornji) Krstur.

During the Turkish rule, Krstur was inhabited by an Orthodox population. In 1715, Krstur had 11 households, in 1720, 14 households, and in 1725, Krstur had 20 households. In 1741, all the inhabitants left Krstur, and in 1742, Krstur was referred to as a deserted settlement. After that, Krstur is mentioned as a wasteland that is leased by the state chamber. In 1746, the merchant Bučuklić held the lease over Krstur, and in 1749, the merchant Vujić got the lease over Krstur.

The official settlement of Krstur began in 1751, when the regional administrator in Bačka, Franz Joseph Redl, signed an agreement with the free peasant Mihajlo Munkači from the village of Červenovo in Bereg county on the settlement of 200 Rusyns families of the Greek Catholic faith from northern Hungary. In the same year, Munkači managed to settle many Rusyns from the Hungarian counties of Munkačka, Ungvar, Saltmars and Ogačka in Krstur.

Since then, Krstur has been mainly inhabited by Rusyns, with a small number of Serbs, Germans and Jews. Krstur had 2,000 inhabitants by the end of the 18th century.

1971
According to the 1971 census, ethnic Rusyns comprised 99.45% of population of the village.

2002
According to the 2002 census, the population of the village include:
 * Rusyns = 4,483 (86.00%)
 * Serbs = 263 (5.05%)
 * others.

Historical population

 * 1948: 5,874
 * 1953: 6,115
 * 1961: 5,873
 * 1971: 5,960
 * 1981: 5,826
 * 1991: 5,636
 * 2002: 5,213

Politics
There is an initiative among inhabitants of Ruski Krstur that this settlement become its own municipality completely separate from Kula.